����JFIFXX�����    $.' ",#(7),01444'9=82<.342  2!!22222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222����"��4�� ���,�PG"Z_�4�˷����kjز�Z�,F+��_z�,�© �����zh6�٨�ic�fu���#ډb���_�N�?��wQ���5-�~�I���8����TK<5o�Iv-�����k�_U_�����~b�M��d����Ӝ�U�Hh��?]��E�w��Q���k�{��_}qFW7HTՑ��Y��F�?_�'ϔ��_�Ջt��=||I ��6�έ"�����D���/[�k�9���Y�8ds|\���Ҿp6�Ҵ���]��.����6�z<�v��@]�i%��$j��~�g��J>��no����pM[me�i$[����s�o�ᘨ�˸ nɜG-�ĨU�ycP�3.DB�li�;��hj���x7Z^�N�h������N3u{�:j�x�힞��#M&��jL P@_���� P��&��o8������9�����@Sz6�t7#O�ߋ �s}Yf�T���lmr����Z)'N��k�۞p����w\�Tȯ?�8`�O��i{wﭹW�[�r�� ��Q4F�׊���3m&L�=��h3����z~��#�\�l :�F,j@�� ʱ�wQT����8�"kJO���6�֚l����}���R�>ډK���]��y����&����p�}b��;N�1�m�r$�|��7�>e�@B�TM*-iH��g�D�)� E�m�|�ؘbҗ�a��Ҿ����t4���o���G��*oCN�rP���Q��@z,|?W[0�����:�n,jWiE��W��$~/�hp\��?��{(�0���+�Y8rΟ�+����>S-S����VN;�}�s?.����� w�9��˟<���Mq4�Wv'��{)0�1mB��V����W[�����8�/<� �%���wT^�5���b��)iM� pg�N�&ݝ��VO~�q���u���9� ����!��J27����$O-���! �:�%H��� ـ����y�ΠM=t{!S�� oK8������t<����è:a������[�����ա�H���~��w��Qz`�po�^ ����Q��n� �,uu�C�$ ^���,������8�#��:�6��e�|~���!�3�3.�\0��q��o�4`.|� ����y�Q�`~;�d�ׯ,��O�Zw�������`73�v�܋�<���Ȏ�� ـ4k��5�K�a�u�=9Yd��$>x�A�&�� j0� ���vF��� Y�|�y��� ~�6�@c��1vOp�Ig����4��l�OD���L����� R���c���j�_�uX6��3?nk��Wy�f;^*B� ��@�~a�`��Eu������+���6�L��.ü>��}y���}_�O�6�͐�:�YrG�X��kG�����l^w���~㒶sy��Iu�!� W ��X��N�7BV��O��!X�2����wvG�R�f�T#�����t�/?���%8�^�W�aT��G�cL�M���I��(J����1~�8�?aT ���]����AS�E��(��*E}� 2��#I/�׍qz��^t�̔���b�Yz4x���t�){ OH��+(E��A&�N�������XT��o��"�XC��'���)}�J�z�p� ��~5�}�^����+�6����w��c��Q�|Lp�d�H��}�(�.|����k��c4^�"�����Z?ȕ ��a<�L�!039C� �Eu�C�F�Ew�ç ;�n?�*o���B�8�bʝ���'#Rqf���M}7����]����s2tcS{�\icTx;�\��7K���P���ʇ Z O-��~��c>"��?�������P��E��O�8��@�8��G��Q�g�a�Վ���󁶠�䧘��_%#r�>�1�z�a��eb��qcPѵ��n���#L��� =��׀t� L�7�`��V���A{�C:�g���e@�w1 Xp3�c3�ġ����p��M"'-�@n4���fG��B3�DJ�8[Jo�ߐ���gK)ƛ��$���� ���8�3�����+���� �����6�ʻ���� ���S�kI�*KZlT _`���?��K����QK�d����B`�s}�>���`��*�>��,*@J�d�oF*����弝��O}�k��s��]��y�ߘ��c1G�V���<=�7��7����6�q�PT��tXԀ�!9*4�4Tހ3XΛex�46���Y��D ����� �BdemDa����\�_l,��G�/���֌7���Y�](�xTt^%�GE�����4�}bT���ڹ�����;Y)���B�Q��u��>J/J �⮶.�XԄ��j�ݳ�+E��d ��r�5�_D�1 ��o�� �B�x�΢�#���<��W�����8���R6�@g�M�.��� dr�D��>(otU��@x=��~v���2� ӣ�d�oBd��3�eO�6�㣷�����ݜ6��6Y��Qz`��S��{���\P�~z m5{J/L��1������<�e�ͅPu�b�]�ϔ���'������f�b� Zpw��c`"��i���BD@:)ִ�:�]��hv�E�w���T�l��P���"Ju�}��وV J��G6��. J/�Qgl߭�e�����@�z�Zev2u�)]կ�����7x���s�M�-<ɯ�c��r�v�����@��$�ޮ}lk���a���'����>x��O\�ZFu>�����ck#��&:��`�$�ai�>2Δ����l���oF[h��lE�ܺ�Πk:)���`�� $[6�����9�����kOw�\|���8}������ބ:��񶐕��I�A1/�=�2[�,�!��.}gN#�u����b��� ~��݊��}34q����d�E��Lc��$��"�[q�U�硬g^��%B �z���r�pJ�ru%v\h1Y�ne`ǥ:g���pQM~�^�Xi� ��`S�:V29.�P���V�?B�k�� AEvw%�_�9C�Q����wKekPؠ�\�;Io d�{ ߞo�c1eP����\� `����E=���@K<�Y���eڼ�J���w����{av�F�'�M�@/J��+9p���|]�����Iw &`��8���&M�hg��[�{��Xj��%��Ӓ�$��(����ʹN���<>�I���RY���K2�NPlL�ɀ)��&e����B+ь����( � �JTx���_?EZ� }@ 6�U���뙢ط�z��dWI�n` D����噥�[��uV��"�G&Ú����2g�}&m��?ċ�"����Om#��������� ��{�ON��"S�X��Ne��ysQ���@Fn��Vg���dX�~nj�]J�<�K]:��FW��b�������62�=��5f����JKw��bf�X�55��~J �%^����:�-�QIE��P��v�nZum� z � ~ə ���� ���ة����;�f��\v���g�8�1��f24;�V���ǔ�)����9���1\��c��v�/'Ƞ�w�������$�4�R-��t���� e�6�/�ġ �̕Ecy�J���u�B���<�W�ַ~�w[B1L۲�-JS΂�{���΃������A��20�c#��@ 0!1@AP"#2Q`$3V�%45a6�FRUq��� ����^7ׅ,$n�������+��F�`��2X'��0vM��p�L=������5��8������u�p~���.�`r�����\���O��,ư�0oS ��_�M�����l���4�kv\JSd���x���SW�<��Ae�IX����������$I���w�:S���y���›R��9�Q[���,�5�;�@]�%���u�@ *ro�lbI �� ��+���%m:�͇ZV�����u�̉����θau<�fc�.����{�4Ա� �Q����*�Sm��8\ujqs]{kN���)qO�y�_*dJ�b�7���yQqI&9�ԌK!�M}�R�;������S�T���1���i[U�ɵz�]��U)V�S6���3$K{�ߊ<�(� E]Զ[ǼENg�����'�\?#)Dkf��J���o��v���'�%ƞ�&K�u�!��b�35LX�Ϸ��63$K�a�;�9>,R��W��3�3� d�JeTYE.Mϧ��-�o�j3+y��y^�c�������VO�9NV\nd�1 ��!͕_)a�v;����թ�M�lWR1��)El��P;��yوÏ�u 3�k�5Pr6<�⒲l�!˞*��u־�n�!�l:����UNW ��%��Chx8vL'��X�@��*��)���̮��ˍ��� ���D-M�+J�U�kvK����+�x8��cY������?�Ԡ��~3mo��|�u@[XeY�C�\Kp�x8�oC�C�&����N�~3-H���� ��MX�s�u<`���~"WL��$8ξ��3���a�)|:@�m�\���^�`�@ҷ)�5p+��6���p�%i)P M���ngc�����#0Aruz���RL+xSS?���ʮ}()#�t��mˇ!��0}}y����<�e� �-ή�Ԩ��X������ MF���ԙ~l L.3���}�V뽺�v�����멬��Nl�)�2����^�Iq��a��M��qG��T�����c3#������3U�Ǎ���}��לS�|qa��ڃ�+���-��2�f����/��bz��ڐ�� �ݼ[2�ç����k�X�2�* �Z�d���J�G����M*9W���s{��w���T��x��y,�in�O�v��]���n����P�$�JB@=4�OTI�n��e�22a\����q�d���%�$��(���:���: /*�K[PR�fr\nڙdN���F�n�$�4�[�� U�zƶ����� �mʋ���,�ao�u 3�z� �x��Kn����\[��VFmbE;�_U��&V�Gg�]L�۪&#n%�$ɯ�dG���D�TI=�%+AB�Ru#��b4�1�»x�cs�YzڙJG��f��Il��d�eF'T� iA��T���uC�$����Y��H?����[!G`}���ͪ� �纤Hv\������j�Ex�K���!���OiƸ�Yj�+u-<���'q����uN�*�r\��+�]���<�wOZ.fp�ێ��,-*)V?j-kÊ#�`�r��dV����(�ݽBk�����G�ƛk�QmUڗe��Z���f}|����8�8��a���i��3'J�����~G_�^���d�8w������ R�`(�~�.��u���l�s+g�bv���W���lGc}��u���afE~1�Ue������Z�0�8�=e�� f@/�jqEKQQ�J��oN��J���W5~M>$6�Lt�;$ʳ{���^��6�{����v6���ķܰg�V�cnn �~z�x�«�,2�u�?cE+Ș�H؎�%�Za�)���X>uW�Tz�Nyo����s���FQƤ��$��*�&�LLXL)�1�" L��eO��ɟ�9=���:t��Z���c��Ž���Y?�ӭV�wv�~,Y��r�ۗ�|�y��GaF�����C�����.�+� ���v1���fήJ�����]�S��T��B��n5sW}y�$��~z�'�c ��8 ��� ,! �p��VN�S��N�N�q��y8z˱�A��4��*��'������2n<�s���^ǧ˭P�Jޮɏ�U�G�L�J�*#��<�V��t7�8����TĜ>��i}K%,���)[��z�21z ?�N�i�n1?T�I�R#��m-�����������������1����lA�`��fT5+��ܐ�c�q՝��ʐ��,���3�f2U�եmab��#ŠdQ�y>\��)�SLY����w#��.���ʑ�f��� ,"+�w�~�N�'�c�O�3F�������N<���)j��&��,-� �љ���֊�_�zS���TǦ����w�>��?�������n��U仆�V���e�����0���$�C�d���rP �m�׈e�Xm�Vu� �L��.�bֹ��� �[Դaզ���*��\y�8�Է:�Ez\�0�Kq�C b��̘��cө���Q��=0Y��s�N��S.���3.���O�o:���#���v7�[#߫ ��5�܎�L���Er4���9n��COWlG�^��0k�%<���ZB���aB_���������'=��{i�v�l�$�uC���mƎҝ{�c㱼�y]���W�i ��ߧc��m�H� m�"�"�����;Y�ߝ�Z�Ǔ�����:S#��|}�y�,/k�Ld� TA�(�AI$+I3��;Y*���Z��}|��ӧO��d�v��..#:n��f>�>���ȶI�TX��� 8��y����"d�R�|�)0���=���n4��6ⲑ�+��r<�O�܂~zh�z����7ܓ�HH�Ga롏���nCo�>������a ���~]���R���̲c?�6(�q�;5%� |�uj�~z8R=X��I�V=�|{v�Gj\gc��q����z�؋%M�ߍ����1y��#��@f^���^�>N�����#x#۹��6�Y~�?�dfPO��{��P�4��V��u1E1J �*|���%���JN��`eWu�zk M6���q t[�� ��g�G���v��WIG��u_ft����5�j�"�Y�:T��ɐ���*�;� e5���4����q$C��2d�}���� _S�L#m�Yp��O�.�C�;��c����Hi#֩%+) �Ӎ��ƲV���SYź��g |���tj��3�8���r|���V��1#;.SQ�A[���S������#���`n�+���$��$I �P\[�@�s��(�ED�z���P��])8�G#��0B��[ى��X�II�q<��9�~[Z멜�Z�⊔IWU&A>�P~�#��dp<�?����7���c��'~���5 ��+$���lx@�M�dm��n<=e�dyX��?{�|Aef ,|n3�<~z�ƃ�uۧ�����P��Y,�ӥQ�*g�#먙R�\���;T��i,��[9Qi歉����c>]9�� ��"�c��P�� �Md?٥��If�ت�u��k��/����F��9�c*9��Ǎ:�ØF���z�n*�@|I�ށ9����N3{'��[�'ͬ�Ҳ4��#}��!�V� Fu��,�,mTIk���v C�7v���B�6k�T9��1�*l� '~��ƞF��lU��'�M ����][ΩũJ_�{�i�I�n��$���L�� j��O�dx�����kza۪��#�E��Cl����x˘�o�����V���ɞ�ljr��)�/,�߬h�L��#��^��L�ф�,íMƁe�̩�NB�L�����iL����q�}��(��q��6IçJ$�W�E$��:������=#����(�K�B����zђ <��K(�N�۫K�w��^O{!����)�H���>x�������lx�?>Պ�+�>�W���,Ly!_�D���Ō�l���Q�!�[ �S����J��1��Ɛ�Y}��b,+�Lo�x�ɓ)����=�y�oh�@�꥟/��I��ѭ=��P�y9��� �ۍYӘ�e+�p�Jnϱ?V\SO%�(�t� ���=?MR�[Ș�����d�/ ��n�l��B�7j� ��!�;ӥ�/�[-���A�>�dN�sLj ��,ɪv��=1c�.SQ�O3�U���ƀ�ܽ�E����������̻��9G�ϷD�7(�}��Ävӌ\�y�_0[w ���<΍>����a_��[0+�L��F.�޺��f�>oN�T����q;���y\��bՃ��y�jH�<|q-eɏ�_?_9+P���Hp$�����[ux�K w�Mw��N�ی'$Y2�=��q���KB��P��~������Yul:�[<����F1�2�O���5=d����]Y�sw:���Ϯ���E��j,_Q��X��z`H1,#II ��d�wr��P˂@�ZJV����y$�\y�{}��^~���[:N����ߌ�U�������O��d�����ؾe��${p>G��3c���Ė�lʌ�� ת��[��`ϱ�-W����dg�I��ig2��� ��}s ��ؤ(%#sS@���~���3�X�nRG�~\jc3�v��ӍL��M[JB�T��s3}��j�Nʖ��W����;7��ç?=X�F=-�=����q�ߚ���#���='�c��7���ڑW�I(O+=:uxq�������������e2�zi+�kuG�R��������0�&e�n���iT^J����~\jy���p'dtG��s����O��3����9* �b#Ɋ�� p������[Bws�T�>d4�ۧs���nv�n���U���_�~,�v����ƜJ1��s�� �QIz��)�(lv8M���U=�;����56��G���s#�K���MP�=��LvyGd��}�VwWBF�'�à �?MH�U�g2�� ����!�p�7Q��j��ڴ����=��j�u��� Jn�A s���uM������e��Ɔ�Ҕ�!)'��8Ϣ�ٔ��ޝ(��Vp���צ֖d=�IC�J�Ǡ{q������kԭ�߸���i��@K����u�|�p=..�*+����x�����z[Aqġ#s2a�Ɗ���RR�)*HRsi�~�a &f��M��P����-K�L@��Z��Xy�'x�{}��Zm+���:�)�) IJ�-i�u���� ���ܒH��'�L(7�y�GӜq���� j��� 6ߌg1�g�o���,kر���tY�?W,���p���e���f�OQS��!K�۟cҒA�|ս�j�>��=⬒��˧L[�� �߿2JaB~R��u�:��Q�] �0H~���]�7��Ƽ�I���(}��cq '�ήET���q�?f�ab���ӥvr� �)o��-Q��_'����ᴎo��K������;��V���o��%���~OK ����*��b�f:���-ťIR��`B�5!RB@���ï�� �u �̯e\�_U�_������� g�ES��3�������QT��a����x����U<~�c?�*�#]�MW,[8O�a�x��]�1bC|踤�P��lw5V%�)�{t�<��d��5���0i�XSU��m:��Z�┵�i�"��1�^B�-��P�hJ��&)O��*�D��c�W��vM��)����}���P��ܗ-q����\mmζZ-l@�}��a��E�6��F�@��&Sg@���ݚ�M����� ȹ 4����#p�\H����dYDo�H���"��\��..R�B�H�z_�/5˘����6��KhJR��P�mƶi�m���3�,#c�co��q�a)*Pt����R�m�k�7x�D�E�\Y�閣_X�<���~�)���c[[�BP����6�Yq���S��0����%_����;��Àv�~�| VS؇ ��'O0��F0��\���U�-�d@�����7�SJ*z��3n��y��P����O���������m�~�P�3|Y��ʉr#�C�<�G~�.,! ���bqx���h~0=��!ǫ�jy����l�O,�[B��~��|9��ٱ����Xly�#�i�B��g%�S��������tˋ���e���ې��\[d�t)��.+u�|1 ������#�~Oj����hS�%��i.�~X���I�H�m��0n���c�1uE�q��cF�RF�o���7� �O�ꮧ� ���ۛ{��ʛi5�rw?׌#Qn�TW��~?y$��m\�\o����%W� ?=>S�N@�� �Ʈ���R����N�)�r"C�:��:����� �����#��qb��Y�. �6[��2K����2u�Ǧ�HYR��Q�MV��� �G�$��Q+.>�����nNH��q�^��� ����q��mM��V��D�+�-�#*�U�̒ ���p욳��u:�������IB���m���PV@O���r[b= �� ��1U�E��_Nm�yKbN�O���U�}�the�`�|6֮P>�\2�P�V���I�D�i�P�O;�9�r�mAHG�W�S]��J*�_�G��+kP�2����Ka�Z���H�'K�x�W�MZ%�O�YD�Rc+o��?�q��Ghm��d�S�oh�\�D�|:W������UA�Qc yT�q������~^�H��/��#p�CZ���T�I�1�ӏT����4��"�ČZ�����}��`w�#�*,ʹ�� ��0�i��課�Om�*�da��^gJ݅{���l�e9uF#T�ֲ��̲�ٞC"�q���ߍ ոޑ�o#�XZTp����@ o�8��(jd��xw�]�,f���`~�|,s��^����f�1���t��|��m�򸄭/ctr��5s��7�9Q�4�H1꠲BB@l9@���C�����+�wp�xu�£Yc�9��?`@#�o�mH�s2��)�=��2�.�l����jg�9$�Y�S�%*L������R�Y������7Z���,*=�䷘$�������arm�o�ϰ���UW.|�r�uf����IGw�t����Zwo��~5 ��YյhO+=8fF�)�W�7�L9lM�̘·Y���֘YLf�큹�pRF���99.A �"wz��=E\Z���'a� 2��Ǚ�#;�'}�G���*��l��^"q��+2FQ� hj��kŦ��${���ޮ-�T�٭cf�|�3#~�RJ����t��$b�(R��(����r���dx� >U b�&9,>���%E\� Ά�e�$��'�q't��*�א���ެ�b��-|d���SB�O�O��$�R+�H�)�܎�K��1m`;�J�2�Y~9��O�g8=vqD`K[�F)k�[���1m޼c��n���]s�k�z$@��)!I �x՝"v��9=�ZA=`Ɠi �:�E��)`7��vI��}d�YI�_ �o�:ob���o ���3Q��&D&�2=�� �Ά��;>�h����y.*ⅥS������Ӭ�+q&����j|UƧ����}���J0��WW< ۋS�)jQR�j���Ư��rN)�Gű�4Ѷ(�S)Ǣ�8��i��W52���No˓� ۍ%�5brOn�L�;�n��\G����=�^U�dI���8$�&���h��'���+�(������cȁ߫k�l��S^���cƗjԌE�ꭔ��gF���Ȓ��@���}O���*;e�v�WV���YJ\�]X'5��ղ�k�F��b 6R�o՜m��i N�i����>J����?��lPm�U��}>_Z&�KK��q�r��I�D�Չ~�q�3fL�:S�e>���E���-G���{L�6p�e,8��������QI��h��a�Xa��U�A'���ʂ���s�+טIjP�-��y�8ۈZ?J$��W�P� ��R�s�]��|�l(�ԓ��sƊi��o(��S0��Y� 8�T97.�����WiL��c�~�dxc�E|�2!�X�K�Ƙਫ਼�$((�6�~|d9u+�qd�^3�89��Y�6L�.I�����?���iI�q���9�)O/뚅����O���X��X�V��ZF[�یgQ�L��K1���RҖr@v�#��X�l��F���Нy�S�8�7�kF!A��sM���^rkp�jP�DyS$N���q��nxҍ!U�f�!eh�i�2�m���`�Y�I�9r�6� �TF���C}/�y�^���Η���5d�'��9A-��J��>{�_l+�`��A���[�'��յ�ϛ#w:݅�%��X�}�&�PSt�Q�"�-��\縵�/����$Ɨh�Xb�*�y��BS����;W�ջ_mc�����vt?2}1�;qS�d�d~u:2k5�2�R�~�z+|HE!)�Ǟl��7`��0�<�,�2*���Hl-��x�^����'_TV�gZA�'j� ^�2Ϊ��N7t�����?w�� �x1��f��Iz�C-Ȗ��K�^q�;���-W�DvT�7��8�Z�������� hK�(P:��Q- �8�n�Z���܃e貾�<�1�YT<�,�����"�6{/ �?�͟��|1�:�#g��W�>$����d��J��d�B��=��jf[��%rE^��il:��B���x���Sּ�1հ��,�=��*�7 fcG��#q� �eh?��2�7�����,�!7x��6�n�LC�4x��},Geǝ�tC.��vS �F�43��zz\��;QYC,6����~;RYS/6���|2���5���v��T��i����������mlv��������&� �nRh^ejR�LG�f���? �ۉҬܦƩ��|��Ȱ����>3����!v��i�ʯ�>�v��オ�X3e���_1z�Kȗ\<������!�8���V��]��?b�k41�Re��T�q��mz��TiOʦ�Z��Xq���L������q"+���2ۨ��8}�&N7XU7Ap�d�X��~�׿��&4e�o�F��� �H����O���č�c�� 懴�6���͉��+)��v;j��ݷ�� �UV�� i��� j���Y9GdÒJ1��詞�����V?h��l����l�cGs�ځ�������y�Ac�����\V3�? �� ܙg�>qH�S,�E�W�[�㺨�uch�⍸�O�}���a��>�q�6�n6����N6�q������N ! 1AQaq�0@����"2BRb�#Pr���3C`��Scst���$4D���%Td�� ?���N����a��3��m���C���w��������xA�m�q�m���m������$����4n淿t'��C"w��zU=D�\R+w�p+Y�T�&�պ@��ƃ��3ޯ?�Aﶂ��aŘ���@-�����Q�=���9D��ռ�ѻ@��M�V��P��܅�G5�f�Y<�u=,EC)�<�Fy'�"�&�չ�X~f��l�KԆV��?�� �W�N����=(� �;���{�r����ٌ�Y���h{�١������jW����P���Tc�����X�K�r��}���w�R��%��?���E��m�� �Y�q|����\lEE4���r���}�lsI�Y������f�$�=�d�yO����p�����yBj8jU�o�/�S��?�U��*������ˍ�0������u�q�m [�?f����a�� )Q�>����6#������� ?����0UQ����,IX���(6ڵ[�DI�MNލ�c&���υ�j\��X�R|,4��� j������T�hA�e��^���d���b<����n�� �즇�=!���3�^�`j�h�ȓr��jẕ�c�,ٞX����-����a�ﶔ���#�$��]w�O��Ӫ�1y%��L�Y<�wg#�ǝ�̗`�x�xa�t�w��»1���o7o5��>�m뭛C���Uƃߜ}�C���y1Xνm�F8�jI���]����H���ۺиE@I�i;r�8ӭ����V�F�Շ| ��&?�3|x�B�MuS�Ge�=Ӕ�#BE5G�����Y!z��_e��q�р/W>|-�Ci߇�t�1ޯќd�R3�u��g�=0 5��[?�#͏��q�cf���H��{ ?u�=?�?ǯ���}Z��z���hmΔ�BFTW�����<�q�(v� ��!��z���iW]*�J�V�z��gX֧A�q�&��/w���u�gYӘa���; �i=����g:��?2�dž6�ى�k�4�>�Pxs����}������G�9��3 ���)gG�R<>r h�$��'nc�h�P��Bj��J�ҧH� -��N1���N��?��~��}-q!=��_2hc�M��l�vY%UE�@|�v����M2�.Y[|y�"Eï��K�ZF,�ɯ?,q�?v�M 80jx�"�;�9vk�����+ ֧�� �ȺU��?�%�vcV��mA�6��Qg^M����A}�3�nl� QRN�l8�kkn�'�����(��M�7m9و�q���%ޟ���*h$Zk"��$�9��: �?U8�Sl��,,|ɒ��xH(ѷ����Gn�/Q�4�P��G�%��Ա8�N��!� �&�7�;���eKM7�4��9R/%����l�c>�x;������>��C�:�����t��h?aKX�bhe�ᜋ^�$�Iհ �hr7%F$�E��Fd���t��5���+�(M6�t����Ü�UU|zW�=a�Ts�Tg������dqP�Q����b'�m���1{|Y����X�N��b �P~��F^F:����k6�"�j!�� �I�r�`��1&�-$�Bevk:y���#yw��I0��x��=D�4��tU���P�ZH��ڠ底taP��6����b>�xa����Q�#� WeF��ŮNj�p�J* mQ�N����*I�-*�ȩ�F�g�3 �5��V�ʊ�ɮ�a��5F���O@{���NX��?����H�]3��1�Ri_u��������ѕ�� ����0��� F��~��:60�p�͈�S��qX#a�5>���`�o&+�<2�D����: �������ڝ�$�nP���*)�N�|y�Ej�F�5ټ�e���ihy�Z �>���k�bH�a�v��h�-#���!�Po=@k̆IEN��@��}Ll?j�O������߭�ʞ���Q|A07x���wt!xf���I2?Z��<ץ�T���cU�j��]��陎Ltl �}5�ϓ��$�,��O�mˊ�;�@O��jE��j(�ا,��LX���LO���Ц�90�O �.����a��nA���7������j4 ��W��_ٓ���zW�jcB������y՗+EM�)d���N�g6�y1_x��p�$Lv:��9�"z��p���ʙ$��^��JԼ*�ϭ����o���=x�Lj�6�J��u82�A�H�3$�ٕ@�=Vv�]�'�qEz�;I˼��)��=��ɯ���x �/�W(V���p�����$ �m�������u�����񶤑Oqˎ�T����r��㠚x�sr�GC��byp�G��1ߠ�w e�8�$⿄����/�M{*}��W�]˷.�CK\�ުx���/$�WPw���r� |i���&�}�{�X� �>��$-��l���?-z���g����lΆ���(F���h�vS*���b���߲ڡn,|)mrH[���a�3�ר�[1��3o_�U�3�TC�$��(�=�)0�kgP���� ��u�^=��4 �WYCҸ:��vQ�ר�X�à��tk�m,�t*��^�,�}D*� �"(�I��9R����>`�`��[~Q]�#af��i6l��8���6�:,s�s�N6�j"�A4���IuQ��6E,�GnH��zS�HO�uk�5$�I�4��ؤ�Q9�@��C����wp�BGv[]�u�Ov���0I4���\��y�����Q�Ѹ��~>Z��8�T��a��q�ޣ;z��a���/��S��I:�ܫ_�|������>=Z����8:�S��U�I�J��"IY���8%b8���H��:�QO�6�;7�I�S��J��ҌAά3��>c���E+&jf$eC+�z�;��V����� �r���ʺ������my�e���aQ�f&��6�ND��.:��NT�vm�<- u���ǝ\MvZY�N�NT��-A�>jr!S��n�O 1�3�Ns�%�3D@���`������ܟ 1�^c<���� �a�ɽ�̲�Xë#�w�|y�cW�=�9I*H8�p�^(4���՗�k��arOcW�tO�\�ƍR��8����'�K���I�Q�����?5�>[�}��yU�ײ -h��=��% q�ThG�2�)���"ו3]�!kB��*p�FDl�A���,�eEi�H�f�Ps�����5�H:�Փ~�H�0Dت�D�I����h�F3�������c��2���E��9�H��5�zԑ�ʚ�i�X�=:m�xg�hd(�v����׊�9iS��O��d@0ڽ���:�p�5�h-��t�&���X�q�ӕ,��ie�|���7A�2���O%P��E��htj��Y1��w�Ѓ!����  ���� ࢽ��My�7�\�a�@�ţ�J �4�Ȼ�F�@o�̒?4�wx��)��]�P��~�����u�����5�����7X ��9��^ܩ�U;Iꭆ 5 �������eK2�7(�{|��Y׎ �V��\"���Z�1� Z�����}��(�Ǝ"�1S���_�vE30>���p;� ΝD��%x�W�?W?v����o�^V�i�d��r[��/&>�~`�9Wh��y�;���R��� ;;ɮT��?����r$�g1�K����A��C��c��K��l:�'��3 c�ﳯ*"t8�~l��)���m��+U,z��`(�>yJ�?����h>��]��v��ЍG*�{`��;y]��I�T� ;c��NU�fo¾h���/$���|NS���1�S�"�H��V���T���4��uhǜ�]�v;���5�͠x��'C\�SBpl���h}�N����� A�Bx���%��ޭ�l��/����T��w�ʽ]D�=����K���ž�r㻠l4�S�O?=�k �M:� ��c�C�a�#ha���)�ѐxc�s���gP�iG��{+���x���Q���I= �� z��ԫ+ �8"�k�ñ�j=|����c ��y��CF��/��*9ж�h{ �?4�o� ��k�m�Q�N�x��;�Y��4膚�a�w?�6�>e]�����Q�r�:����g�,i"�����ԩA�*M�<�G��b�if��l^M��5� �Ҩ�{����6J��ZJ�����P�*�����Y���ݛu�_4�9�I8�7���������,^ToR���m4�H��?�N�S�ѕw��/S��甍�@�9H�S�T��t�ƻ���ʒU��*{Xs�@����f�����֒Li�K{H�w^���������Ϥm�tq���s� ���ք��f:��o~s��g�r��ט� �S�ѱC�e]�x���a��) ���(b-$(�j>�7q�B?ӕ�F��hV25r[7 Y� }L�R��}����*sg+��x�r�2�U=�*'WS��ZDW]�WǞ�<��叓���{�$�9Ou4��y�90-�1�'*D`�c�^o?(�9��u���ݐ��'PI&� f�Jݮ�������:wS����jfP1F:X �H�9dԯ���˝[�_54 �}*;@�ܨ�� ð�yn�T���?�ןd�#���4rG�ͨ��H�1�|-#���Mr�S3��G�3�����)�.᧏3v�z֑��r����$G"�`j �1t��x0<Ɔ�Wh6�y�6��,œ�Ga��gA����y��b��)��h�D��ß�_�m��ü �gG;��e�v��ݝ�nQ� ��C����-�*��o���y�a��M��I�>�<���]obD��"�:���G�A��-\%LT�8���c�)��+y76���o�Q�#*{�(F�⽕�y����=���rW�\p���۩�c���A���^e6��K������ʐ�cVf5$�'->���ՉN"���F�"�UQ@�f��Gb~��#�&�M=��8�ט�JNu9��D��[̤�s�o�~������ G��9T�tW^g5y$b��Y'��س�Ǵ�=��U-2 #�MC�t(�i� �lj�@Q 5�̣i�*�O����s�x�K�f��}\��M{E�V�{�υ��Ƈ�����);�H����I��fe�Lȣr�2��>��W�I�Ȃ6������i��k�� �5�YOxȺ����>��Y�f5'��|��H+��98pj�n�.O�y�������jY��~��i�w'������l�;�s�2��Y��:'lg�ꥴ)o#'Sa�a�K��Z� �m��}�`169�n���"���x��I ��*+� }F<��cГ���F�P�������ֹ*�PqX�x۩��,� ��N�� �4<-����%����:��7����W���u�`����� $�?�I��&����o��o��`v�>��P��"��l���4��5'�Z�gE���8���?��[�X�7(��.Q�-��*���ތL@̲����v��.5���[��=�t\+�CNܛ��,g�SQnH����}*F�G16���&:�t��4ُ"A��̣��$�b �|����#rs��a�����T�� ]�<�j��BS�('$�ɻ� �wP;�/�n��?�ݜ��x�F��yUn�~mL*-�������Xf�wd^�a�}��f�,=t�׵i�.2/wpN�Ep8�OР���•��R�FJ� 55TZ��T �ɭ�<��]��/�0�r�@�f��V��V����Nz�G��^���7hZi����k��3�,kN�e|�vg�1{9]_i��X5y7� 8e]�U����'�-2,���e"����]ot�I��Y_��n�(JҼ��1�O ]bXc���Nu�No��pS���Q_���_�?i�~�x h5d'�(qw52] ��'ޤ�q��o1�R!���`ywy�A4u���h<קy���\[~�4�\ X�Wt/� 6�����n�F�a8��f���z �3$�t(���q��q�x��^�XWeN'p<-v�!�{�(>ӽDP7��ո0�y)�e$ٕv�Ih'Q�EA�m*�H��RI��=:��� ���4牢) �%_iN�ݧ�l]� �Nt���G��H�L��� ɱ�g<���1V�,�J~�ٹ�"K��Q�� 9�HS�9�?@��k����r�;we݁�]I�!{ �@�G�[�"��`���J:�n]�{�cA�E����V��ʆ���#��U9�6����j�#Y�m\��q�e4h�B�7��C�������d<�?J����1g:ٳ���=Y���D�p�ц� ׈ǔ��1�]26؜oS�'��9�V�FVu�P�h�9�xc�oq�X��p�o�5��Ա5$�9W�V(�[Ak�aY錎qf;�'�[�|���b�6�Ck��)��#a#a˙��8���=äh�4��2��C��4tm^ �n'c���]GQ$[Wҿ��i���vN�{Fu ��1�gx��1┷���N�m��{j-,��x�� Ūm�ЧS�[�s���Gna���䑴�� x�p 8<������97�Q���ϴ�v�aϚG��Rt�Һ׈�f^\r��WH�JU�7Z���y)�vg=����n��4�_)y��D'y�6�]�c�5̪�\� �PF�k����&�c;��cq�$~T�7j ���nç]�<�g ":�to�t}�159�<�/�8������m�b�K#g'I'.W�����6��I/��>v��\�MN��g���m�A�yQL�4u�Lj�j9��#44�t��l^�}L����n��R��!��t��±]��r��h6ٍ>�yҏ�N��fU�� ���� Fm@�8}�/u��jb9������he:A�y�ծw��GpΧh�5����l}�3p468��)U��d��c����;Us/�֔�YX�1�O2��uq�s��`hwg�r~�{ R��mhN��؎*q 42�*th��>�#���E����#��Hv�O����q�}�����6�e��\�,Wk�#���X��b>��p}�դ��3���T5��†��6��[��@�P�y*n��|'f�֧>�lư΂�̺����SU�'*�q�p�_S�����M�� '��c�6�����m�� ySʨ;M��r���Ƌ�m�Kxo,���Gm�P��A�G�:��i��w�9�}M(�^�V��$ǒ�ѽ�9���|���� �a����J�SQ�a���r�B;����}���ٻ֢�2�%U���c�#�g���N�a�ݕ�'�v�[�OY'��3L�3�;,p�]@�S��{ls��X�'���c�jw�k'a�.��}�}&�� �dP�*�bK=ɍ!����;3n�gΊU�ߴmt�'*{,=SzfD� A��ko~�G�aoq�_mi}#�m�������P�Xhύ����mxǍ�΂���巿zf��Q���c���|kc�����?���W��Y�$���_Lv����l߶��c���`?����l�j�ݲˏ!V��6����U�Ђ(A���4y)H���p�Z_�x��>���e��R��$�/�`^'3qˏ�-&Q�=?��CFVR �D�fV�9��{�8g�������n�h�(P"��6�[�D���< E�����~0<@�`�G�6����Hг�cc�� �c�K.5��D��d�B���`?�XQ��2��ٿyqo&+�1^� DW�0�ꊩ���G�#��Q�nL3��c���������/��x ��1�1[y�x�პCW��C�c�UĨ80�m�e�4.{�m��u���I=��f�����0QRls9���f���������9���~f�����Ǩ��a�"@�8���ȁ�Q����#c�ic������G��$���G���r/$W�(��W���V�"��m�7�[m�A�m����bo��D� j����۳� l���^�k�h׽����� ��#� iXn�v��eT�k�a�^Y�4�BN��ĕ��0 !01@Q"2AaPq3BR������?���@4�Q�����T3,���㺠�W�[=JK�Ϟ���2�r^7��vc�:�9 �E�ߴ�w�S#d���Ix��u��:��Hp��9E!�� V 2;73|F��9Y���*ʬ�F��D����u&���y؟��^EA��A��(ɩ���^��GV:ݜDy�`��Jr29ܾ�㝉��[���E;Fzx��YG��U�e�Y�C���� ����v-tx����I�sם�Ę�q��Eb�+P\ :>�i�C'�;�����k|z�رn�y]�#ǿb��Q��������w�����(�r|ӹs��[�D��2v-%��@;�8<a���[\o[ϧw��I!��*0�krs)�[�J9^��ʜ��p1)� "��/_>��o��<1����A�E�y^�C��`�x1'ܣn�p��s`l���fQ��):�l����b>�Me�jH^?�kl3(�z:���1ŠK&?Q�~�{�ٺ�h�y���/�[��V�|6��}�KbX����mn[-��7�5q�94�������dm���c^���h� X��5��<�eޘ>G���-�}�دB�ޟ� ��|�rt�M��V+�]�c?�-#ڛ��^ǂ}���Lkr���O��u�>�-D�ry� D?:ޞ�U��ǜ�7�V��?瓮�"�#���r��չģVR;�n���/_� ؉v�ݶe5d�b9��/O��009�G���5n�W����JpA�*�r9�>�1��.[t���s�F���nQ� V 77R�]�ɫ8����_0<՜�IF�u(v��4��F�k�3��E)��N:��yڮe��P�`�1}�$WS��J�SQ�N�j�ٺ��޵�#l���ј(�5=��5�lǏmoW�v-�1����v,W�mn��߀$x�<����v�j(����c]��@#��1������Ǔ���o'��u+����;G�#�޸��v-lη��/(`i⣍Pm^���ԯ̾9Z��F��������n��1��� ��]�[��)�'������:�֪�W��FC����� �B9،!?���]��V��A�Վ�M��b�w��G F>_DȬ0¤�#�QR�[V��kz���m�w�"��9ZG�7'[��=�Q����j8R?�zf�\a�=��O�U����*oB�A�|G���2�54 �p��.w7� �� ��&������ξxGHp� B%��$g�����t�Џ򤵍z���HN�u�Я�-�'4��0��;_��3 !01"@AQa2Pq#3BR������?��ʩca��en��^��8���<�u#��m*08r��y�N"�<�Ѳ0��@\�p��� �����Kv�D��J8�Fҽ� �f�Y��-m�ybX�NP����}�!*8t(�OqѢ��Q�wW�K��ZD��Δ^e��!� ��B�K��p~�����e*l}z#9ң�k���q#�Ft�o��S�R����-�w�!�S���Ӥß|M�l޶V��!eˈ�8Y���c�ЮM2��tk���� ������J�fS����Ö*i/2�����n]�k�\���|4yX�8��U�P.���Ы[���l��@"�t�<������5�lF���vU�����W��W��;�b�cД^6[#7@vU�xgZv��F�6��Q,K�v��� �+Ъ��n��Ǣ��Ft���8��0��c�@�!�Zq s�v�t�;#](B��-�nῃ~���3g������5�J�%���O������n�kB�ĺ�.r��+���#�N$?�q�/�s�6��p��a����a��J/��M�8��6�ܰ"�*������ɗud"\w���aT(����[��F��U՛����RT�b���n�*��6���O��SJ�.�ij<�v�MT��R\c��5l�sZB>F��<7�;EA��{��E���Ö��1U/�#��d1�a�n.1ě����0�ʾR�h��|�R��Ao�3�m3 ��%�� ���28Q� ��y��φ���H�To�7�lW>����#i`�q���c����a��� �m,B�-j����݋�'mR1Ήt�>��V��p���s�0IbI�C.���1R�ea�����]H�6����������4B>��o��](��$B���m�����a�!=��?�B� K�Ǿ+�Ծ"�n���K��*��+��[T#�{E�J�S����Q�����s�5�:�U�\wĐ�f�3����܆&�)����I���Ԇw��E T�lrTf6Q|R�h:��[K�� �z��c֧�G�C��%\��_�a�84��HcO�bi��ؖV��7H �)*ģK~Xhչ0��4?�0��� �E<���}3���#���u�?�� ��|g�S�6ꊤ�|�I#Hڛ� �ա��w�X��9��7���Ŀ%�SL��y6č��|�F�a 8���b��$�sק�h���b9RAu7�˨p�Č�_\*w��묦��F ����4D~�f����|(�"m���NK��i�S�>�$d7SlA��/�²����SL��|6N�}���S�˯���g��]6��; �#�.��<���q'Q�1|KQ$�����񛩶"�$r�b:���N8�w@��8$�� �AjfG|~�9F ���Y��ʺ��Bwؒ������M:I岎�G��`s�YV5����6��A �b:�W���G�q%l�����F��H���7�������Fsv7��k�� 403WebShell
403Webshell
Server IP : 172.67.215.126  /  Your IP : 172.69.214.219
Web Server : Apache/2.4.52 (Ubuntu)
System : Linux ip-172-31-19-221 6.8.0-1029-aws #31~22.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Thu Apr 24 21:16:18 UTC 2025 x86_64
User : www-data ( 33)
PHP Version : 8.1.28
Disable Function : NONE
MySQL : OFF  |  cURL : ON  |  WGET : ON  |  Perl : ON  |  Python : OFF  |  Sudo : ON  |  Pkexec : ON
Directory :  /efsdata/scitechnol.com/httpdocs/online-submissions/

Upload File :
current_dir [ Writeable ] document_root [ Writeable ]

 

Command :


[ Back ]     

Current File : /efsdata/scitechnol.com/httpdocs/online-submissions/5543-0-Manuscript-2017-06-26.doc
��ࡱ�>��	�����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������_�	�R��pbjbj6�bbih&���������+++++����???8w�<?QS��f5"WWW�$�$�$�R�R�R�R�R�R�R$-U��W��R+�$�$�$�$�$�R++WWL�R(i)i)i)�$~+W+W4Mri)�$�Ri)i)R�D��GW������F�������!&�E M	SHQS�E�iX3'�iX<�GiX+�G��$�$i)�$�$�$�$�$�R�R�'��$�$�$QS�$�$�$�$��������������������������������������������������������������������iX�$�$�$�$�$�$�$�$�$��:	Clinical Analysis and Financial Loss of Alcohol-Related Maxillofacial Trauma 

Min Kwan Baek1, Seon Tae Kim1, Joo Hyun Jung1, Joo Hyun Woo1, Min Ja Baek2, Heung Eog Cha1 and Il Gyu Kang1*

1Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Gachon University, Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
2Department of Nursing, Shingyeong University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea


*Corresponding author: 
Il Gyu Kang, MD, PhD,
Department of Otolaryngology � Head & Neck Surgery, 
Gachon University, Gil Medical Center,
1198 Guwol-Dong, Namdong-Gu, Incheon, 405-760, Republic of Korea
Tel : 82-32-460-3765
Fax : 82-32-467-9044
E-mail: entigkang@gmail.com


Running Title : Alcohol-related maxillofacial trauma
ABSTRACT
Objective: To evaluate clinical analysis and financial loss of alcohol-related maxillofacial trauma in tertiary medical center.
Study design: Case series with chart review.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of maxillofacial injury patients who visited our emergency department between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2010. Alcohol-related maxillofacial injuries were defined as cases in which the alcohol was the direct cause of the injury. The type of injury was assessed by physical and radiologic examination. We also assessed the patients� age and sex, the combined injuries, and medical cost. 
Results: We assessed 441 patients with maxillofacial injury. Alcohol was the cause of the injury in the case of 82 of these patients (18.2%). Among them, 75 were male (91%), and 7 were (8.5%) female. Blowout fracture and nasal bone fracture were the commonest types of injury (91.5%). Intracranial hemorrhage was the common types of combined injury (6%). Each patient spent an average of $2,800 towards medical care.  Including the public insurance cost, average medical cost per patient came up to about $ 14,000. 
Conclusion: Alcohol-related maxillofacial injury mainly occurs in young men, and blowout and nasal bone fractures are common type of alcohol related maxillofacial fractures. Maxillofacial injury causes many socioeconomic problems and, therefore, the harmful side-effects of the alcohol could be decreased by educating the public on the consequences of drinking and driving and violent behaviors after drinking.

Key words : Alcohol, Maxillofacial injury, Alcohol related maxillofacial trauma

INTRODUCTION
Alcohol is enjoyed as a drink all over the world, and there has been an increase in the incidence of alcohol-related accidents. Alcohol-related injuries are a problem in both high and low income countries,  ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Ker</Author><Year>2008</Year><RecNum>1</RecNum><DisplayText>[1]</DisplayText><record><rec-number>1</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="et99pattrtd258e2zaqx2tvvxwvddfr5ee5x" timestamp="1476087754">1</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Ker, K.</author><author>Chinnock, P.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Nutrition &amp; Public Health Intervention Research Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Room 280, North Courtyard, Keppel Street, London, UK, WC1E 7HT. katharine.ker@lshtm.ac.uk</auth-address><titles><title>Interventions in the alcohol server setting for preventing injuries</title><secondary-title>Cochrane Database Syst Rev</secondary-title><alt-title>The Cochrane database of systematic reviews</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Cochrane Database Syst Rev</full-title><abbr-1>The Cochrane database of systematic reviews</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Cochrane Database Syst Rev</full-title><abbr-1>The Cochrane database of systematic reviews</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>CD005244</pages><number>3</number><keywords><keyword>Accident Prevention/*methods</keyword><keyword>Accidents, Traffic/prevention &amp; control</keyword><keyword>*Alcohol Drinking/adverse effects</keyword><keyword>Alcoholic Beverages/*supply &amp; distribution</keyword><keyword>Automobile Driving</keyword><keyword>Health Promotion</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic</keyword><keyword>Wounds and Injuries/*prevention &amp; control</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2008</year></dates><isbn>1469-493X (Electronic)&#xD;1361-6137 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>18646123</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18646123</url></related-urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1002/14651858.CD005244.pub3</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[1] including. Alcohol-related trauma is recognized as a major public health problem  ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Council</Author><Year>2009</Year><RecNum>2</RecNum><DisplayText>[2]</DisplayText><record><rec-number>2</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="et99pattrtd258e2zaqx2tvvxwvddfr5ee5x" timestamp="1476087988">2</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>National Health and Medical Research Council</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Australian guidelines to reduce health risks from drinking alcohol. Canberra</title><secondary-title>Commonwealth of Australia; Australian Government</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Commonwealth of Australia; Australian Government</full-title></periodical><dates><year>2009</year></dates><pub-location>Canberra</pub-location><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>[2]. The central nervous system is suppressed during the drunken state; this depression inhibits the cognitive and emotional faculties, and sensory motor dysfunction leads to a higher incidence of violent behavior or vehicular accidents  ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Selzer</Author><Year>1971</Year><RecNum>3</RecNum><DisplayText>[3]</DisplayText><record><rec-number>3</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="et99pattrtd258e2zaqx2tvvxwvddfr5ee5x" timestamp="1476088080">3</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Selzer, M. L.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>The Michigan alcoholism screening test: the quest for a new diagnostic instrument</title><secondary-title>Am J Psychiatry</secondary-title><alt-title>The American journal of psychiatry</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Am J Psychiatry</full-title><abbr-1>The American journal of psychiatry</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Am J Psychiatry</full-title><abbr-1>The American journal of psychiatry</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>1653-8</pages><volume>127</volume><number>12</number><keywords><keyword>Alcohol Drinking</keyword><keyword>Alcoholism/complications/*diagnosis</keyword><keyword>Automobile Driving</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>*Interview, Psychological</keyword><keyword>Medical Records</keyword><keyword>Methods</keyword><keyword>Social Behavior Disorders/complications</keyword><keyword>Surveys and Questionnaires</keyword></keywords><dates><year>1971</year><pub-dates><date>Jun</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0002-953X (Print)&#xD;0002-953X (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>5565851</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5565851</url></related-urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1176/ajp.127.12.1653</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[3]. The incidence of alcohol-related accidents has been increasing. An estimated 7.5% of drivers in nonfatal crashes and 12.9% of nonfatal crashes were alcohol-involved  ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA [4]. Therefore, socioeconomic expenditure has increased substantially. As is the case with other types of trauma, alcohol is an important causative factor of maxillofacial trauma; however, data or studies regarding this issue are lacking. We authors analyzed patients who visited the emergency department and ENT clinic with alcohol-related maxillofacial trauma. Then, we retrospectively analyzed our findings on the basis of frequency according to sex, the types and severity of the trauma, and age distribution. In addition, we attempted to assess the medical costs and evaluated the medical and social effect trauma.
METHODS
We performed a retrospective study by conducting chart reviews. This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of tertiary medical center. We included patients who had visited tertiary medical center emergency department from January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2010 for alcohol-related maxillofacial trauma, including assault, traffic accidents, and falls. Alcohol-related injury was confined to instances of drinking and driving and falls or involvement in assaults in a drunken state according to the medical record or patients states. We included only the maxillofacial trauma occurred in drunken patients (direct influences of alcohol). The patients were analyzed by age and sex distribution, and the relationship between these 2 factors was studied. The types of trauma were divided into orbital fracture, maxillary fracture, mandibular fracture, zygomatic arch fracture, temporal bone fracture and nasal bone fracture; the percentage incidence of each fracture was calculated. Associated trauma types were also assessed and their severity was evaluated. The medical cost of the treatment and investigations was also calculated and averaged per patient. 
RESULTS
The total number of patients with maxillofacial traumas who visited the tertiary medical center emergency department during the year 2010 was 441, of which 354(80.3%) were men and 87(19.7%) were women. Among all the cases of accidents or injury involving maxillofacial trauma, 82 (18.6%) were alcohol-related.
1. Sex
Of these 82 patients, 75 (91.5%) were men and 7 (8.5%) were women. The sex distribution ratio in this case was similar to that of all maxillofacial traumas. 
2. Age distribution 
The age distribution for these patients was as follows: 3 patients were aged 10~19 y; 23, 20~29 y; 16, 30~39 y; 22, 40~49 y; 12, 50~59 y; 5, 60~69 y; and 1, 80~89 y (Figure. 1). As evident from the age distribution, 75% of the patients were aged between 20 and 40 y.
3. Types of trauma 
Orbital wall fracture was seen in 39 (47.6%) patients, nasal bone
fracture in 36 (43.9%), zygomatic arch fracture patients in 9 (11%), temporal bone fracture in 7 (8.5%), maxillary fracture in 2 (2.4%), and mandibular fracture in 1(1.2%) (Figure. 2).
4. Combined trauma 
Ten (12.2%) patients had combined trauma at other sites, namely, cranial fracture and intracranial hemorrhage. The most fatal combined injuries were brain and lung injuries. The other types of combined injuries were mostly fractures at other sites (Table 1).
5. Medical cost related with the trauma 
The total amount of medical cost including out-patients clinic and admission for the 82 patients was $230,658. This value excludes the insurance covered amount. This total amount was divided by the number of patients and an average cost of $2,813 was obtained. Therefore, each patient with alcohol-related trauma was responsible for an average amount of $2,800 as medical fee, and considering public insurance, medical cost per patient was about $ 14,000 which is a huge economic loss. The total amount $ 1,148,000 was spent because of the direct influence of alcohol. 
DISCUSSION
The study was aimed at analyzing the amount of medical expenditure incurred by patients with alcohol-related maxillofacial trauma by dividing the patients according to age, sex and type of the injury. The results of the analysis were used to ascertain the medical cost and expense and thus, the socioeconomic loss was indirectly studied. The types of the injury and damage due to the alcohol associated with maxillofacial trauma were also reviewed. 
Pharmacologically, alcohol is classified as a central nervous suppressant drug having sedative and anti-anxiety effects. It acts on the cell membrane, antagonizes the glutamate receptor, Gamma amino-butyric acid (GABA) A receptor and ion transport  ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Sherif</Author><Year>1997</Year><RecNum>5</RecNum><DisplayText>[5]</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="et99pattrtd258e2zaqx2tvvxwvddfr5ee5x" timestamp="1476088190">5</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Sherif, F. M.</author><author>Tawati, A. M.</author><author>Ahmed, S. S.</author><author>Sharif, S. I.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Pharmacology, Al-Fateh Medical University, Tripoli, Libya.</auth-address><titles><title>Basic aspects of GABA-transmission in alcoholism, with particular reference to GABA-transaminase</title><secondary-title>Eur Neuropsychopharmacol</secondary-title><alt-title>European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Eur Neuropsychopharmacol</full-title><abbr-1>European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Eur Neuropsychopharmacol</full-title><abbr-1>European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>1-7</pages><volume>7</volume><number>1</number><keywords><keyword>4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase/*physiology</keyword><keyword>Alcoholism/enzymology/*physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Animals</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Rats</keyword><keyword>Synaptic Transmission/*physiology</keyword><keyword>gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/*physiology</keyword></keywords><dates><year>1997</year><pub-dates><date>Feb</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0924-977X (Print)&#xD;0924-977X (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>9088880</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9088880</url></related-urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>[5]. A person may feel euphoric and active when alcohol is present in low blood concentrations, but as the concentration increases the person may develop neurologic symptoms such as speech disturbance, imbalance, activity dysfunction, memory loss and cognitive dysfunction. Ambivalent motion, judgment loss that may be present from the beginning may easily lead to an argument, dispute and misconduct. It also may lead to overexpression or suppression of personality traits. In high blood concentrations, various central nervous system functions may be depressed, manifested by symptoms such as depression, slow or retarded reaction, memory or cognitive loss  ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA [5,6]. These reasons can be implicated for the common occurrence of traffic accident, assaults, falls etc. after acute alcohol intoxication. Many crimes are committed in the drunken state. In our study, we observed varying types of injuries caused by emotional outbursts, personality, retarded reaction and cognitive dysfunction occurring in the acute alcohol intoxication state.
The sex ratio of patients with maxillofacial trauma was 4:1 in favor of men. This value is higher than that obtained for all patients with maxillofacial traumas, i.e., 3:1, which was reported previously by Nakamura et al,  ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Nakamura</Author><Year>1973</Year><RecNum>7</RecNum><DisplayText>[7]</DisplayText><record><rec-number>7</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="et99pattrtd258e2zaqx2tvvxwvddfr5ee5x" timestamp="1476088360">7</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Nakamura, T.</author><author>Gross, C. W.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Facial fractures. Analysis of five years of experience</title><secondary-title>Arch Otolaryngol</secondary-title><alt-title>Archives of otolaryngology</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Arch Otolaryngol</full-title><abbr-1>Archives of otolaryngology</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Arch Otolaryngol</full-title><abbr-1>Archives of otolaryngology</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>288-90</pages><volume>97</volume><number>3</number><keywords><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>Age Factors</keyword><keyword>Aged</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>*Facial Injuries/diagnosis/etiology/surgery/therapy</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Middle Aged</keyword><keyword>Sex Factors</keyword><keyword>*Skull Fractures/diagnosis/etiology/surgery/therapy</keyword><keyword>Time Factors</keyword></keywords><dates><year>1973</year><pub-dates><date>Mar</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0003-9977 (Print)&#xD;0003-9977 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>4696044</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4696044</url></related-urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>[7] with a higher incidence in men. Over 90% of the patients with alcohol-related injury were men. Although the drinking rate in females is increasing, our data indirectly suggests that drinking is more common in men and the higher incidence of injury in men may be reflective of this fact  ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Mullaney</Author><Year>1979</Year><RecNum>6</RecNum><DisplayText>[6]</DisplayText><record><rec-number>6</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="et99pattrtd258e2zaqx2tvvxwvddfr5ee5x" timestamp="1476088324">6</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Mullaney, J. A.</author><author>Trippett, C. J.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Alcohol dependence and phobias: clinical description and relevance</title><secondary-title>Br J Psychiatry</secondary-title><alt-title>The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Br J Psychiatry</full-title><abbr-1>The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Br J Psychiatry</full-title><abbr-1>The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>565-73</pages><volume>135</volume><keywords><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>Age Factors</keyword><keyword>Agoraphobia/psychology</keyword><keyword>Alcohol Drinking</keyword><keyword>Alcoholism/*psychology</keyword><keyword>Depression/psychology</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Phobic Disorders/*psychology</keyword><keyword>Social Behavior Disorders/psychology</keyword></keywords><dates><year>1979</year><pub-dates><date>Dec</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0007-1250 (Print)&#xD;0007-1250 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>534813</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/534813</url></related-urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>[6]. Men are involved in more socioeconomic activities in Korea and therefore have more opportunities of drinking alcohol, which leads to higher chances of getting involved in accidents or trauma. 
The age distribution of the patients indicated that over 75% of the total patients were aged between 20 and 40 y. According to the data, young men are generally susceptible to maxillofacial trauma and particularly, are the high-risk group in alcohol-related maxillofacial trauma. 
Although data regarding maxillofacial trauma obtained from various centers is inconsistent, orbital wall fracture and nasal bone fracture have been reported to be the most common and frequent  ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA [8]. Orbital wall fracture was the most common type of the alcohol-related maxillofacial trauma, followed by nasal bone fracture. Therefore, there was no difference in the types of injury between all maxillofacial traumas and alcohol-related maxillofacial trauma. 
Combined fractures were seen in 12% of the patients and most of them involved the head, such as intracranial hemorrhage, or the lungs; both head and lung injuries are critical to the patients and this indirectly indicates the severity of alcohol-related injury. Aijaz Alvi et al,  ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA [9] also reported that the most common combined injury was intracranial hemorrhage, such as subdural hemorrhage, followed by lung injury; however, lung and brain damage are the most common types of combined injury among all maxillofacial injuries  ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA [10]. Therefore, these combined injury does not suggest that maxillofacial trauma associated with alcohol is more severe than other types of maxillofacial trauma. According to Shepherd et al,  ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Shepherd</Author><Year>1998</Year><RecNum>11</RecNum><DisplayText>[11]</DisplayText><record><rec-number>11</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="et99pattrtd258e2zaqx2tvvxwvddfr5ee5x" timestamp="1476088524">11</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Shepherd, J.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Emergency room research on links between alcohol and violent injury</title><secondary-title>Addiction</secondary-title><alt-title>Addiction</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Addiction</full-title><abbr-1>Addiction</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Addiction</full-title><abbr-1>Addiction</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>1261-2</pages><volume>93</volume><number>8</number><keywords><keyword>Alcohol Drinking/*epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Emergencies</keyword><keyword>Emergency Service, Hospital/statistics &amp; numerical data</keyword><keyword>England/epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>*Violence</keyword><keyword>Wounds and Injuries/*epidemiology</keyword></keywords><dates><year>1998</year><pub-dates><date>Aug</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0965-2140 (Print)&#xD;0965-2140 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>9813907</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9813907</url></related-urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>[11] the amount of alcohol consumed is related with the severity of the trauma. In order to investigate this further, the blood alcohol level should be measured quantitatively and in depth study would be necessary. 
From the medical cost point of view, a fair amount was spent by the patients, and if these numbers are totaled with the insurance-covered cost, the total amount would be a much higher. Apart from the medical costs, if the loss is calculated from the point of view of labor and social activity, including the psycogenic and physiologic stress of the patients� guardian during the treatment period, the costs would be higher. Likewise, increase in the incidence of chronic alcohol abuse may lead to an increase in mortality  ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA [12,13] and also an increase in trauma or injury occurring during the drunken state caused by the toxic effects of alcohol itself  ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA [14]. However, the public is now being made aware and educated about the effects of alcohol consumption. Therefore, more public should be educated on the effects of alcohol and the dangers in order to prevent the occurrence of accidents due to drinking and driving and avoid daily activities after drinking. 

CONCLUSION 
There are definite effects of chronic alcohol consumption and abuse, and the drunken state itself increases the risk of accidents, which naturally increases the risk of alcohol-related maxillofacial trauma. Young men are the high-risk patients for this injury, and orbital wall fracture is the most common fracture site involved; this injury leads to a fair amount of hospital fee. Personal suffering and socioeconomic loss are concerns for the society as well as for the patients themselves. Therefore, alcohol-related accidents could be prevented through active public education, and maximal effort should be undertaken to minimize accidents related to alcohol consumption. 
Author statements
Financial Disclosure: none declared 
Funding: none declared
Competing interests: none declared 



REFERENCES

 ADDIN EN.REFLIST 1.	Ker K, Chinnock P. (2008) Interventions in the alcohol server setting for preventing injuries. Cochrane Database Syst Rev: CD005244.
2.	Council NHaMR. (2009) Australian guidelines to reduce health risks from drinking alcohol. Canberra. Commonwealth of Australia; Australian Government.
3.	Selzer ML. (1971) The Michigan alcoholism screening test: the quest for a new diagnostic instrument. Am J Psychiatry 127: 1653-1658.
4.	Miller TR, Gibson R, Zaloshnja E, Blincoe LJ, Kindelberger J, et al. (2012) Underreporting of driver alcohol involvement in United States police and hospital records: capture-recapture estimates. Ann Adv Automot Med 56: 87-96.
5.	Sherif FM, Tawati AM, Ahmed SS, Sharif SI. (1997) Basic aspects of GABA-transmission in alcoholism, with particular reference to GABA-transaminase. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 7: 1-7.
6.	Mullaney JA, Trippett CJ. (1979) Alcohol dependence and phobias: clinical description and relevance. Br J Psychiatry 135: 565-573.
7.	Nakamura T, Gross CW. (1973) Facial fractures. Analysis of five years of experience. Arch Otolaryngol 97: 288-290.
8.	Motamedi MH. (2003) An assessment of maxillofacial fractures: a 5-year study of 237 patients. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 61: 61-64.
9.	Alvi A, Doherty T, Lewen G. (2003) Facial fractures and concomitant injuries in trauma patients. Laryngoscope 113: 102-106.
10.	Hogg NJ, Stewart TC, Armstrong JE, Girotti MJ. (2000) Epidemiology of maxillofacial injuries at trauma hospitals in Ontario, Canada, between 1992 and 1997. J Trauma 49: 425-432.
11.	Shepherd J. (1998) Emergency room research on links between alcohol and violent injury. Addiction 93: 1261-1262.
12.	Cherpitel CJ, Ye Y, Bond J. (2005) Attributable risk of injury associated with alcohol use: cross-national data from the emergency room collaborative alcohol analysis project. Am J Public Health 95: 266-272.
13.	McLeod R, Stockwell T, Stevens M, Phillips M. (1999) The relationship between alcohol consumption patterns and injury. Addiction 94: 1719-1734.
14.	Cornwell EE, 3rd, Belzberg H, Velmahos G, Chan LS, Demetriades D, et al. (1998) The prevalence and effect of alcohol and drug abuse on cohort-matched critically injured patients. Am Surg 64: 461-465.


Legends 
Figure 1. Distribution of patients with maxillofacial injury according to age. Alcohol-related trauma has a high incidence in the young age, between 20 and 40 years.
Figure 2. Types of alcohol-related maxillofacial injuries.
Table 1. Alcohol related combined injuries.









PAGE  


PAGE  14




'(8@LMNO\]^_gkln{|����������������������趩����w��������������w��jw�Zh-�h�0CJH*QJaJo(h�0H*OJPJQJo(h�0OJPJQJh�:eh�0OJPJQJh�:eh�0H*OJPJQJo(h�0OJPJQJo(hiY'h�0OJPJQJ hiY'h�05�B*OJQJphhiY'h�05�OJQJh�05�OJQJh�4h�05�^Jo(h�05�OJQJo(h]�h�05�OJQJ#NO��4	�	�	�	�	�	�	
O
d
y
�
�
�
�
�������������������$dh4$a$gd�0	dh4$gd�0
�# @`	���� @`"dhgd�0����dh��[$\$^��`��gd�0$dh��[$\$a$gd�0�����3	4	5	�	�	�	�	�	�	�	�	�	�	�	�	�	�	�	�	�	�	�	�	�	�	�	




=
I
O
���������������~p�~f~�f�~�~�f~�f~�~�h�0CJOJPJhLxh�0CJH*OJPJh�0CJOJPJo(hLxh�0CJOJPJo(hLxh�0CJOJPJhiY'h�05�CJOJh�05�CJOJo(h�05�CJOJhiY'h�0CJOJPJh�0CJH*QJaJo(h�0CJQJaJh�0CJQJaJo(hzq�h�0CJQJaJ&O
b
c
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
������Ż�ť��vj_SJSJBJhkV<CJOJhkV<CJOJo(h�o;hkV<CJOJo(hiY'hkV<CJOJhiY'hkV<5�CJOJh�95�CJOJhiY'hkV<CJOJPJhiY'hkV<5�CJOJPJh�05�CJOJPJhiY'h�0CJOJh�0CJOJPJo(h�0CJOJPJhiY'h�0CJOJPJ hiY'h�0CJOJPJmHsHh�0CJOJPJmHo(sHh�0CJOJPJmHsH�
�
V�E
I��56D(
(�,�,�-�-�.�����������������
$d�a$gd�6
$d�a$gd>
�$� d�`� a$gd?H
$d�a$gd�dw$� d�4$`� a$gd?H	dh4$gdkV<$d�4$a$gdkV<
$d�a$gdkV<$d�4$a$gd�GB�
�
%&-349=TVd����-/�����D
E
M
Z^aoz{}��������IT������������Ƹ���������앆�����������ؕ����정hiY'hkV<B*CJOJph�hiY'hkV<CJOJhiY'hkV<5�CJOJh�Jh�JCJOJo(h�Jh�J5�CJOJo(hkV<5�OJo(h7�CJOJo(hkV<CJOJh�o;hkV<CJOJo(hkV<CJOJo(h�o;hkV<CJOJ4�����������5679DEW������ƶ�����}n\L?2hiY'h�S�CJOJPJhiY'hf{�CJOJPJhkV<hQ~�5�CJOJPJo("hkV<hkV<5�CJOJPJaJo(hiY'hkV<CJOJPJaJ hkV<hkV<CJOJPJmHsHhiY'hkV<CJOJmHsHh?HCJOJmHo(sHh?HCJOJmHsHhiY'hkV<5�CJOJmHsHh�rbhkV<B*CJOJph�hiY'hkV<B*CJOJph�hkV<CJOJo(hiY'hkV<CJOJhkV<CJOJWbtuz���������'()`a������̿���������q��g���g\TPThc3�jh�N�Uh�2CJOJPJo(h~N>CJOJPJhc3�CJOJPJmHnHuhc3�CJOJPJjh�N�CJOJPJUh�N�h�N�h�Y�CJOJPJo(h�Y�CJOJPJh~N>CJOJPJo(h~N>h~N>CJOJPJhiY'h�3qCJOJPJhiY'h�CJOJPJhiY'h�S�CJOJPJhiY'hf{�CJOJPJadefg���������������;DENOP�$�$�$�$�$�$������ϵϨϛ�ϨϨϛϨϨϛ��|�m�bUhiY'h@�CJOJPJh�2CJOJPJo(hc3�CJOJPJmHnHuhc3�CJOJPJjh�N�CJOJPJUh�N�h�N�hiY'hPhcCJOJPJhiY'h#2�CJOJPJhiY'h]P�CJOJPJhiY'h�v�CJOJPJhiY'h�.�CJOJPJh~N>h~N>CJOJPJ	h�2o(jh�N�Uhc3�mHnHu!�$�$�$	%%n%o%p%%�%�%�%�%�%�%�%�%�%�%�%�%�%�%�%�%�%�%�����û����������|o^|�QDQ�hiY'h�!CJOJPJhiY'hQCJOJPJ!h�K�hr1B*CJOJPJph�h�K�h�!CJOJPJh�K�hr1CJOJPJh�N�CJH*OJPJo(	h�2o(hc3�mHnHu�jhc3�Ujhc3�Uhc3�jh�N�Uh�2CJOJPJo(h;Vh;VCJOJPJh;VCJOJPJo(hiY'hr1CJOJPJhiY'h#2�CJOJPJ�%�%�%�%�%&C&D&J&T&e&�&�&�&�&�&'''%'2'A'X'^'�'�'�'�'�'�'�'�'�'�'�'�'�'�'�'((((�����̻����̡̮̮̮���̡����������������zoh)'L5�CJOJPJhiY'h@�CJOJPJhiY'h�pwCJOJPJhiY'hw&gCJOJPJhiY'h�A�CJOJPJhiY'h�BCJOJPJ!hiY'h�,�B*CJOJPJph�hiY'h�,�CJOJPJhiY'hr1CJOJPJhiY'hQCJOJPJhiY'h�!CJOJPJ*(((
((((/(0(=(?(J(K(M(Q(�(�(�(�(�(�(�(�(�(�(�(�(�(�(�(�(�(�(�(�(�(�())))���˾˱˾˱��������}��p�}�}�������}p�p�phiY'h�pwCJOJPJh��CJOJPJo(hI&�CJOJPJo(h��h��CJOJPJ h��h��CJOJPJmHsHhiY'h=	XCJOJPJhiY'hw&gCJOJPJhiY'hSPCJOJPJhiY'hSP5�CJOJPJh>
�5�CJOJPJo(h)'L5�CJOJPJo(())
)
)))))) )$)4)H)I)J)S)])n)o)x)y){)|)�)�)�)�)�)�)�)�)�)�)�)�)�)�)�)�)�)*0*�*�*��������ķķķĪ������������������������zhiY'hL.CJOJPJh�K�CJOJPJo(hI&�CJOJPJo(hiY'h��CJOJPJhiY'h6�CJOJPJhiY'h�"�CJOJPJhiY'h}CJOJPJhiY'h�pwCJOJPJhiY'hw&gCJOJPJh��CJOJPJo(h��CJOJPJ+�*�*�*�*�*�*�*�*+!+#+$+*+.+�+�+�+�+�+�+�+�+,,,	,,,,!,`,n,�,�,�,�,���������������楲������������~qchiY'h6�5�CJOJPJhiY'h@�CJOJPJhiY'h6�CJOJPJhiY'h�F�CJOJPJhiY'h�&]CJOJPJhiY'h~OXCJOJPJhiY'h��CJOJPJhiY'h�,�CJOJPJhiY'h>f�CJOJPJhiY'h+r~CJOJPJhiY'hL.CJOJPJhiY'hUgCJOJPJ#�,�,�,�,�,�,�,�,�,�,�,,-.-0-8-9-:-B-N-Z-d-p-q-�-�-�-�-�-�-�-���ƹӹӹ�Ӥ�ӹӹӹӹ�qf�qXqhiY'h6�5�CJOJPJh)'L5�CJOJPJhiY'h@�5�CJOJPJhiY'h�tCJOJPJhiY'h�k�CJOJPJh]�CJOJPJo(h]�CJOJPJhI&�CJOJPJo(hiY'hIOnCJOJPJhiY'hONCJOJPJhiY'h�CJOJPJ$hiY'h@�5�B*CJOJPJph�h)'L5�CJOJPJo(�-�-�-�-�-...%.B.O.[.e.f.i.~..�.�.�.�.�.�.�.�.�.�.�.�.�.�.�.�.�.�.�./���������������洧��~�~�sh]s]sh]s]shiY'h�U�CJOJhiY'h�hCJOJhiY'h@�CJOJhiY'h�hCJOJPJhiY'h@�5�CJOJPJhiY'h6�5�CJOJPJh)'L5�CJOJPJo(h)'L5�CJOJPJhiY'hS}�CJOJPJhiY'h�U�CJOJPJhiY'h@�CJOJPJhiY'h�O�CJOJPJhiY'h�W�CJOJPJ$�.�.�/�/�/�0�0��VG<�
$d�a$gdw=$� d�`� a$gd?HM$d�C$Eƀ��&a$gd�6P$� d�Eƀ��&`� a$gd?H
$d�a$gd�6/////////// /!/$/)/*/,/-/4/9/:/</@/C/G/L/X/m/n/�/�/�/�/�/�/�/�/�/�/�/�/�/�������������������ɼ�ɤ����rh�n�5�CJOJPJo(h)'L5�CJOJPJo(h)'L5�CJOJPJhiY'hw=CJOJPJh�AUCJOJPJo(hiY'h�U�CJOJPJhiY'h�hCJOJPJhiY'h@�CJOJPJh?HCJOJo(hiY'h�hCJOJhiY'h@�CJOJhiY'h�U�CJOJ)�/�/�/�/�/�/�/�/�/�/�/�/�/00000010305060=0T0V0X0Y0a0h0j0t0v0x0y00�0�0�0�0�0�0�0�����ɾ�����������������������|�|������s��h�CJOJo(hiY'h��CJOJhiY'h#5CJOJhiY'h^AKCJOJhiY'h�fYCJOJhiY'hw=CJOJhiY'h�U�CJOJhiY'h@�CJOJhiY'h�fYCJOJPJhiY'h�U�CJOJPJhiY'h@�5�CJOJPJhiY'h6�5�CJOJPJ*�0�0�0�0�0�0�0�0�0�0�0�0�0�0�0�0�0�0�0�0�0�0�011141Q1T1U1Y1`1c1������̿�����{�{�{�{�{�nan�T�Tn�hiY'h�XCJOJPJhiY'h@�CJOJPJhiY'h�&CJOJPJhiY'h^AKCJOJPJhiY'h�U�CJOJPJhiY'h6�5�CJOJPJhiY'h^AK5�CJOJPJhiY'h@�5�CJOJPJh)'L5�CJOJPJo(h)'L5�CJOJPJhiY'h^AKCJOJh�CJOJo(hiY'h@�CJOJh?HCJOJo( c1n1q1s1�1�1�1�1�1�1�1�1�1�1�1�1�1�12
2=2>2R2V2W2^2_2�����������������{m_{QC_ChiY'h��CJOJPJ\�hiY'h�)CJOJPJ\�hiY'h@�CJOJPJ\�hiY'h�L�CJOJPJ\�hiY'h�XCJOJPJ\�hiY'h�m;CJOJPJ\�hiY'h�$�CJOJPJ\�hiY'h6�5�CJOJPJhiY'h@�5�CJOJPJh)'L5�CJOJPJo(h)'L5�CJOJPJhiY'h@�CJOJPJhiY'h�XCJOJPJhiY'h�&CJOJPJ�0�1�1+474�5�B�R�S�UP_ccdcpcf�����������}}�
$d�a$gd�9$�d�WDL`�a$gd>
�$�d�`�a$gd>
�$�x��d�VD<WD^�x`��a$gd>
�$���kd�VDZ^��`�ka$gd?H$�vd�WD2`�va$gd)'L
$d�a$gd�6$� d�`� a$gd?H_2`2j2t2x2�2�2�2�2�2�2�2�2�2�2�2�2�2�2�2�2�2�2�2�2�23333)3>3A3S3T3h3i3n3�3�3�3�3�3��������������������չ��ի՝���������y����h�u_CJOJo(h�u_CJOJPJ\�o(hiY'h�MvCJOJPJ\�hiY'hK~�CJOJPJ\�hiY'h�H�CJOJPJ\�hiY'h��CJOJPJ\�hiY'h@�CJOJPJ\�hiY'h�m;CJOJPJ\�hiY'h�XCJOJPJ\�hiY'h�)CJOJPJ\�*�3�3�3�34	44!4)4*4+4,46474K4M4T4W4z4�4�4�4�4�4�4�4�4�4�4�455535P5S5T5����׾�׮���wj]j]j]j]j]j]j]j]j]j]j]jhiY'hK(UCJOJPJhiY'h:�CJOJPJhiY'h@�CJOJPJ\�h>
�5�CJOJPJ\�o(h>
�5�CJOJPJ\�h`#�5�CJOJPJ\�o(hiY'hiY'5�CJOJPJ\�h�u_CJOJPJ\�hiY'hK~�CJOJPJ\�hiY'h��CJOJPJ\�hiY'h�MvCJOJPJ\�h!�CJOJPJ\�o($T5Z5u5�5�5�5�5�5�5�5�5�56
66"6$6%6'6U6W6`6a6o6p6}6�6�6�6�6�6�6�6�6�6�6�6�6�6�6������ٿ��̘̋�̘̘̘~�̘̘q�q�q�d~dqdqhiY'h�dsCJOJPJhiY'hIniCJOJPJhiY'h%ugCJOJPJhiY'hS}�CJOJPJhiY'h�x<CJOJPJhiY'h��CJOJPJhiY'h�CJOJPJhiY'h@�CJOJPJhiY'h�1CJOJPJhiY'ham9CJOJPJhiY'h:�CJOJPJhiY'hK(UCJOJPJ'�6�6�6|>}>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>?????�?�?�?�?�?�?�?@@$@/@������������rr��eeeeXXhiY'hUCJOJPJhiY'h�8�CJOJPJhiY'hW
CJOJPJhiY'h�r,CJOJPJhiY'h	ByCJOJPJhiY'h�y'CJOJPJhiY'h�1CJOJPJhiY'h$z�CJOJPJhiY'h��CJOJPJhc3�CJOJPJmHnHuhc3�CJOJPJjh�N�CJOJPJUh�2CJOJPJo("/@2@>@A@B@D@P@W@t@u@w@@�@�@�@�@�@�@AAAA!A"A6A7A8A9A>A?A@AAAFAMANAOA~A�A�A����������������̿洦���}��n��a�������hiY'h��CJOJPJhc3�CJOJPJmHnHu!�jhc3�CJOJPJUjhc3�CJOJPJUhc3�CJOJPJjh�N�CJOJPJUh�2CJOJPJo(hiY'hw=CJOJPJhiY'h� �CJOJPJhiY'h.&3CJOJPJhiY'hUCJOJPJhiY'h�r,CJOJPJ&�A�A�A�A�A�A�A�A�A�AB2B5B<B?BHBWBhB�B�B�B�B�B�B�B�BC
CC.C/C2C3CACUCWCXCmCvC�C�C�C�C�C�C����������̿�̿ٿٿ�󲿲�������������������zjh�bcCJOJPJUh�bch�bch��CJOJPJo(h�w�CJOJPJo(hiY'hV0�CJOJPJhiY'h�CJOJPJhiY'h��CJOJPJhiY'h� �CJOJPJhiY'h~VCJOJPJhiY'h.&3CJOJPJhiY'hUCJOJPJ,�C2J3J6J7J8J>JFJPJWJqJ�J�J�J�J�J�J�J�J�J�J�J�J�J�J�J�J	K
KK
KK)K0K7K>KKKUKVKWK�Q�Q�Q�Q����̿������������������~�����~�~�~�~w����h�bch�bchiY'hX�CJOJPJhiY'h?�CJOJPJhiY'h#9�CJOJPJhiY'h!d�CJOJPJhiY'hV0�CJOJPJhiY'h��CJOJPJhiY'h�CJOJPJhc3�CJOJPJmHnHujh�bcCJOJPJUhc3�CJOJPJ+�Q�QRR2R;R>R?RNRRRSR`RtRuR�R�R�R�R�R�R�R%S)S,S0S1S3SHSISJSbS�S�S�S�S�S�S�S�S�S�S�STT%T4T��������������稛���������t���������������hiY'h%l�CJOJPJhiY'h�?)CJOJPJhiY'h\T7CJOJPJhiY'h�HCJOJPJh>
�CJOJPJo(hiY'h�F�CJOJPJhiY'hDCJOJPJhiY'h`�CJOJPJhiY'h��CJOJPJhiY'hX�CJOJPJh�2CJOJPJo(-4TdTmT�T�T�T�T�T�T�T�T�T�T�T�T�T�T�T�T�TUU"U#UhU�U�U�U�U�U�U�����ĺ����Čāt�gZ�Zg�gMgMgMghiY'h�q0CJOJPJhiY'hm]}CJOJPJhiY'hj&CJOJPJhiY'h@�CJOJPJh�2CJOJPJo(hc3�CJOJPJmHnHu!�j*hc3�CJOJPJUjhc3�CJOJPJUhc3�CJOJPJjh�bcCJOJPJUh�bch�bchi�h�?)CJOJPJhiY'h�F�CJOJPJhiY'h�?)CJOJPJ�U�U�U�U�U"V#VCVDVHVKVPVeVrV�V�V�V�V�V�V�V�V�V�V�V�V�V�V	W
WWWWWW$WHW��������������������洭����v��g����hc3�CJOJPJmHnHu!�j%hc3�CJOJPJUjhc3�CJOJPJUhc3�CJOJPJjh�bcCJOJPJUh�bch�bch��CJOJPJo(hiY'h@�CJOJPJhiY'hO �CJOJPJhiY'hm]}CJOJPJhiY'hj&CJOJPJhiY'h�q0CJOJPJ$HW_W`W|W}W�W�W�W�W�W�W�W�W�W�W�W�WXXXXXX)X*X+X,X0X1X2X3X4X<X=XeXiXX������������������ŷ�������tj������h�bcCJOJPJh�2CJOJPJo(hc3�CJOJPJmHnHu!�j�.hc3�CJOJPJUjhc3�CJOJPJUhc3�CJOJPJjh�bcCJOJPJUh�bch�bchiY'hd
�CJOJPJhiY'h�(�CJOJPJhiY'h�q0CJOJPJhiY'h�|�CJOJPJ$X�X�X�X�X�X�X�X�X�X�Xv^w^{^|^}^�^�^�^�^�^;_M_P_u_w_y_z_�_�_�_�_�_�_�_�_�_`	``'`6`@`J`[`t`u`��������ŷ������������ّ����������������w�w�w�hiY'h�2CJOJPJhiY'h9l�CJOJPJhiY'hda�CJOJPJhc3�CJOJPJmHnHuhc3�CJOJPJjh�bcCJOJPJUh�bch�bchiY'h@�CJOJPJhiY'h�#�CJOJPJhiY'hd
�CJOJPJhiY'hh-CJOJPJ.u`�`�`�`aaAaDaYaZa[ajakaa�a�a�a�a�a�a�a�a�a�a�abbbbb*b+b,b-b1b2b3b4b=b���������ĺ����Č���������ĺ��{�Č�pc�hiY'h@�CJOJPJh�2CJOJPJo(!�j<Fhc3�CJOJPJUhc3�CJOJPJmHnHu!�j^7hc3�CJOJPJUjhc3�CJOJPJUhc3�CJOJPJjh�bcCJOJPJUh�bch�bchiY'h�5QCJOJPJhiY'h9l�CJOJPJhiY'h�2CJOJPJ&=bAbNbUb_blb�b�b�b�b�b�b�b�b�b�bcc!cNcQcbcccdcncocpcvcyc�c�c�c�c�c�c�c�c�c�c�c�c�������������������󴦘��sfsfsfsfsfsfsfhiY'h�CJOJPJhiY'hR0CJOJPJh�9CJOJPJo(hiY'h�9CJOJPJh�95�CJOJPJ\�o(h?H5�CJOJPJ\�o(h)'LCJOJPJo(hiY'h� �CJOJPJhiY'h.&3CJOJPJhiY'hFV�CJOJPJhiY'h85CJOJPJhiY'h�5QCJOJPJ(�cd)d?d@dUdVdcdtd�d�d�d�d�d�d�d�de(e@eDefegeoepe�e�e�e�e�e�e�e�e�e�efff&f'f0f1f;f<f=f�����������������������������������̿������zh�>�CJOJo(h�2�h�>�CJOJo(h�p�h�>�CJOJo(h�2�h�>�5�CJOJo(hQ~�5�CJOJo(h>
�5�CJOJo(h)'LhR0CJOJPJhiY'h�2CJOJPJhiY'h�-�CJOJPJhiY'h�CJOJPJhiY'hR0CJOJPJ,f'fLfcf�f�f�f�f�f�f3g�gTh:i�ixj�jqk�k�l����������������������0�^��`�0�gd�BJ
$d�a$gd�+�
$d�a$gdQ~�d�d�gd�%��4��d�WD�^�4`��gdQ~��4��d�WD�^�4`��gd�%�=fJfUfbfcfvfxf�f�f�f�f�f�f�f�f�f�f�f�f�fOoPoQoRoZo[o�������������|�|u|lcVFhiY'h�05�CJOJmHsHh�05�CJOJmHsHh�0CJOJo(h@�CJOJo(h�BJh�BJjh�N�CJOJUh�N�CJOJhQ~�5�CJOJPJh�GB5�CJOJPJhQ~�5�CJOJPJo(hiY'h@�CJOJPJh�>�h@�CJOJPJh�p�h�>�h�p�h�>�CJOJo(hs"h�>�CJOJhQ~�5�CJOJo(hQ~�CJOJo(�lm�m�nOoQoRo[op<phpipkplpnpopqprptpup~p������������������������&`#$
$d�a$gd�0�`�gd�0d�gd�0$d�4$a$gd�0
$d�a$gd�+����0�^��`�0�gd�BJ[ocop
pp#p<pApCpDpgphpipjplpmpoppprpspupvp|p}p~p�p�p�p�p�p�p�p�p�p�p�����Ѻ�������������{u{uq{u{f{uq��h�00JmHnHuh�
h�0Jjh�0JUh�x�jh�x�Uh�0h�0CJOJh�0CJOJhiY'h�0CJOJh�05�CJOJo(hiY'h�05�CJOJhiY'h�0OJaJhiY'h�0OJhiY'h�05�OJhiY'h�0CJOJaJhiY'h�05�CJOJaJ"~pp�p�p�p�p�p�p�������
$d�a$gd�+�����&`#$41�h2P/R ��. ��A!��"��#��$��%��S����D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Miller</Author><Year>2012</Year><RecNum>4</RecNum><DisplayText>[4]</DisplayText><record><rec-number>4</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="et99pattrtd258e2zaqx2tvvxwvddfr5ee5x" timestamp="1476088132">4</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Miller, T. R.</author><author>Gibson, R.</author><author>Zaloshnja, E.</author><author>Blincoe, L. J.</author><author>Kindelberger, J.</author><author>Strashny, A.</author><author>Thomas, A.</author><author>Ho, S.</author><author>Bauer, M.</author><author>Sperry, S.</author><author>Peng, J.</author><author>Singleton, M.</author><author>Smith, T. J.</author><author>Zhang, Y.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Pacific Institute for Research &amp; Evaluation U.S. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration University of Utah University of Maryland Baltimore New York State Department of Health Connecticut Department of Public Health University of Kentucky South Carolina State Budget and Control Board Nebraska Department of Health and Human Services.</auth-address><titles><title>Underreporting of driver alcohol involvement in United States police and hospital records: capture-recapture estimates</title><secondary-title>Ann Adv Automot Med</secondary-title><alt-title>Annals of advances in automotive medicine / Annual Scientific Conference ... Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine. Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine. Scientific Conference</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Ann Adv Automot Med</full-title><abbr-1>Annals of advances in automotive medicine / Annual Scientific Conference ... Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine. Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine. Scientific Conference</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Ann Adv Automot Med</full-title><abbr-1>Annals of advances in automotive medicine / Annual Scientific Conference ... Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine. Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine. Scientific Conference</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>87-96</pages><volume>56</volume><keywords><keyword>*Accidents, Traffic</keyword><keyword>Emergency Service, Hospital</keyword><keyword>Ethanol</keyword><keyword>Hospital Records</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>*Police</keyword><keyword>United States</keyword><keyword>Wounds and Injuries</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2012</year></dates><isbn>1943-2461 (Print)&#xD;1943-2461 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>23169120</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23169120</url></related-urls></urls><custom2>3503413</custom2></record></Cite></EndNote>$D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Sherif</Author><Year>1997</Year><RecNum>5</RecNum><DisplayText>[5,6]</DisplayText><record><rec-number>5</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="et99pattrtd258e2zaqx2tvvxwvddfr5ee5x" timestamp="1476088190">5</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Sherif, F. M.</author><author>Tawati, A. M.</author><author>Ahmed, S. S.</author><author>Sharif, S. I.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Pharmacology, Al-Fateh Medical University, Tripoli, Libya.</auth-address><titles><title>Basic aspects of GABA-transmission in alcoholism, with particular reference to GABA-transaminase</title><secondary-title>Eur Neuropsychopharmacol</secondary-title><alt-title>European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Eur Neuropsychopharmacol</full-title><abbr-1>European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Eur Neuropsychopharmacol</full-title><abbr-1>European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>1-7</pages><volume>7</volume><number>1</number><keywords><keyword>4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase/*physiology</keyword><keyword>Alcoholism/enzymology/*physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Animals</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Rats</keyword><keyword>Synaptic Transmission/*physiology</keyword><keyword>gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/*physiology</keyword></keywords><dates><year>1997</year><pub-dates><date>Feb</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0924-977X (Print)&#xD;0924-977X (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>9088880</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9088880</url></related-urls></urls></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Mullaney</Author><Year>1979</Year><RecNum>6</RecNum><record><rec-number>6</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="et99pattrtd258e2zaqx2tvvxwvddfr5ee5x" timestamp="1476088324">6</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Mullaney, J. A.</author><author>Trippett, C. J.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Alcohol dependence and phobias: clinical description and relevance</title><secondary-title>Br J Psychiatry</secondary-title><alt-title>The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Br J Psychiatry</full-title><abbr-1>The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Br J Psychiatry</full-title><abbr-1>The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>565-73</pages><volume>135</volume><keywords><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>Age Factors</keyword><keyword>Agoraphobia/psychology</keyword><keyword>Alcohol Drinking</keyword><keyword>Alcoholism/*psychology</keyword><keyword>Depression/psychology</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Phobic Disorders/*psychology</keyword><keyword>Social Behavior Disorders/psychology</keyword></keywords><dates><year>1979</year><pub-dates><date>Dec</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0007-1250 (Print)&#xD;0007-1250 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>534813</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/534813</url></related-urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>�D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Motamedi</Author><Year>2003</Year><RecNum>8</RecNum><DisplayText>[8]</DisplayText><record><rec-number>8</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="et99pattrtd258e2zaqx2tvvxwvddfr5ee5x" timestamp="1476088417">8</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Motamedi, M. H.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Trauma Research Center Faculty, Baqiyatallah Medical Sciences University, Tehran, Iran. motamedical@mailcity.com</auth-address><titles><title>An assessment of maxillofacial fractures: a 5-year study of 237 patients</title><secondary-title>J Oral Maxillofac Surg</secondary-title><alt-title>Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery : official journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Oral Maxillofac Surg</full-title><abbr-1>Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery : official journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Oral Maxillofac Surg</full-title><abbr-1>Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery : official journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>61-4</pages><volume>61</volume><number>1</number><keywords><keyword>Accidents, Traffic/statistics &amp; numerical data</keyword><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>Age Factors</keyword><keyword>Aged</keyword><keyword>Anesthesia, Dental/statistics &amp; numerical data</keyword><keyword>Anesthesia, General/statistics &amp; numerical data</keyword><keyword>Anesthesia, Local/statistics &amp; numerical data</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Conscious Sedation/statistics &amp; numerical data</keyword><keyword>Epidemiologic Studies</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Fracture Fixation/statistics &amp; numerical data</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Incidence</keyword><keyword>Iran/epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Mandibular Condyle/injuries</keyword><keyword>Mandibular Fractures/classification/epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Maxillary Fractures/classification/epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Maxillofacial Injuries/*epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Middle Aged</keyword><keyword>Orbital Fractures/epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Postoperative Complications/epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Retrospective Studies</keyword><keyword>Skull Fractures/*epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Zygomatic Fractures/epidemiology</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2003</year><pub-dates><date>Jan</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0278-2391 (Print)&#xD;0278-2391 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>12524610</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12524610</url></related-urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1053/joms.2003.50049</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>�	D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Alvi</Author><Year>2003</Year><RecNum>9</RecNum><DisplayText>[9]</DisplayText><record><rec-number>9</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="et99pattrtd258e2zaqx2tvvxwvddfr5ee5x" timestamp="1476088448">9</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Alvi, A.</author><author>Doherty, T.</author><author>Lewen, G.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Division of Otolaryngology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Chicago, Illinois, USA.</auth-address><titles><title>Facial fractures and concomitant injuries in trauma patients</title><secondary-title>Laryngoscope</secondary-title><alt-title>The Laryngoscope</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Laryngoscope</full-title><abbr-1>The Laryngoscope</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Laryngoscope</full-title><abbr-1>The Laryngoscope</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>102-6</pages><volume>113</volume><number>1</number><keywords><keyword>Accidents, Traffic</keyword><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>Aged</keyword><keyword>Aged, 80 and over</keyword><keyword>Brain Injuries/complications/diagnosis/mortality/therapy</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Combined Modality Therapy</keyword><keyword>Facial Bones/*injuries</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Follow-Up Studies</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Injury Severity Score</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Maxillofacial Injuries/complications/diagnosis/*mortality/*therapy</keyword><keyword>Middle Aged</keyword><keyword>Multiple Trauma/diagnosis/*mortality/*therapy</keyword><keyword>Respiration, Artificial</keyword><keyword>Retrospective Studies</keyword><keyword>Surgical Procedures, Operative</keyword><keyword>Survival Rate</keyword><keyword>Thoracic Injuries/complications/diagnosis/mortality/therapy</keyword><keyword>Trauma Centers</keyword><keyword>Treatment Outcome</keyword><keyword>Triage</keyword><keyword>Violence</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2003</year><pub-dates><date>Jan</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0023-852X (Print)&#xD;0023-852X (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>12514391</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12514391</url></related-urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1097/00005537-200301000-00019</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>�D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Hogg</Author><Year>2000</Year><RecNum>10</RecNum><DisplayText>[10]</DisplayText><record><rec-number>10</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="et99pattrtd258e2zaqx2tvvxwvddfr5ee5x" timestamp="1476088482">10</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Hogg, N. J.</author><author>Stewart, T. C.</author><author>Armstrong, J. E.</author><author>Girotti, M. J.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Dentistry and Trauma Program, London Health Sciences Centre and the University of Western Ontario, Ontario.</auth-address><titles><title>Epidemiology of maxillofacial injuries at trauma hospitals in Ontario, Canada, between 1992 and 1997</title><secondary-title>J Trauma</secondary-title><alt-title>The Journal of trauma</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Trauma</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of trauma</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Trauma</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of trauma</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>425-32</pages><volume>49</volume><number>3</number><keywords><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>Age Distribution</keyword><keyword>Age Factors</keyword><keyword>Aged</keyword><keyword>Aged, 80 and over</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Injury Severity Score</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Maxillofacial Injuries/*epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Middle Aged</keyword><keyword>Ontario/epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Prospective Studies</keyword><keyword>Registries</keyword><keyword>Sex Distribution</keyword><keyword>Sex Factors</keyword><keyword>Skull Fractures/*epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Trauma Centers/statistics &amp; numerical data</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2000</year><pub-dates><date>Sep</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0022-5282 (Print)&#xD;0022-5282 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>11003318</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11003318</url></related-urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>�D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Cherpitel</Author><Year>2005</Year><RecNum>12</RecNum><DisplayText>[12,13]</DisplayText><record><rec-number>12</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="et99pattrtd258e2zaqx2tvvxwvddfr5ee5x" timestamp="1476088622">12</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Cherpitel, C. J.</author><author>Ye, Y.</author><author>Bond, J.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Alcohol Research Group, 2000 Hearst Ave, Berkeley, CA 94709, USA. ccherpitel@arg.org</auth-address><titles><title>Attributable risk of injury associated with alcohol use: cross-national data from the emergency room collaborative alcohol analysis project</title><secondary-title>Am J Public Health</secondary-title><alt-title>American journal of public health</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Am J Public Health</full-title><abbr-1>American journal of public health</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Am J Public Health</full-title><abbr-1>American journal of public health</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>266-72</pages><volume>95</volume><number>2</number><keywords><keyword>Age Factors</keyword><keyword>Alcoholic Intoxication/complications/*epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Cross-Cultural Comparison</keyword><keyword>Emergency Service, Hospital/*utilization</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Risk Assessment</keyword><keyword>Risk Factors</keyword><keyword>Sex Factors</keyword><keyword>Violence/*statistics &amp; numerical data</keyword><keyword>Wounds and Injuries/*epidemiology/etiology</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2005</year><pub-dates><date>Feb</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0090-0036 (Print)&#xD;0090-0036 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>15671463</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15671463</url></related-urls></urls><custom2>1449165</custom2><electronic-resource-num>10.2105/AJPH.2003.031179</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite><Cite><Author>McLeod</Author><Year>1999</Year><RecNum>13</RecNum><record><rec-number>13</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="et99pattrtd258e2zaqx2tvvxwvddfr5ee5x" timestamp="1476088745">13</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>McLeod, R.</author><author>Stockwell, T.</author><author>Stevens, M.</author><author>Phillips, M.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>National Centre for Research into the Prevention of Drug Abuse, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Australia.</auth-address><titles><title>The relationship between alcohol consumption patterns and injury</title><secondary-title>Addiction</secondary-title><alt-title>Addiction</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Addiction</full-title><abbr-1>Addiction</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Addiction</full-title><abbr-1>Addiction</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>1719-34</pages><volume>94</volume><number>11</number><keywords><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>Alcohol Drinking/*epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Alcoholism/epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Australia/epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Breath Tests</keyword><keyword>Case-Control Studies</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Logistic Models</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Middle Aged</keyword><keyword>Risk Factors</keyword><keyword>Wounds and Injuries/*epidemiology</keyword></keywords><dates><year>1999</year><pub-dates><date>Nov</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0965-2140 (Print)&#xD;0965-2140 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>10892010</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10892010</url></related-urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>�D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Cornwell</Author><Year>1998</Year><RecNum>14</RecNum><DisplayText>[14]</DisplayText><record><rec-number>14</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="et99pattrtd258e2zaqx2tvvxwvddfr5ee5x" timestamp="1476088774">14</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Cornwell, E. E., 3rd</author><author>Belzberg, H.</author><author>Velmahos, G.</author><author>Chan, L. S.</author><author>Demetriades, D.</author><author>Stewart, B. M.</author><author>Oder, D. B.</author><author>Kahaku, D.</author><author>Chan, D.</author><author>Asensio, J. A.</author><author>Berne, T. V.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Surgery, University of Southern California Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA.</auth-address><titles><title>The prevalence and effect of alcohol and drug abuse on cohort-matched critically injured patients</title><secondary-title>Am Surg</secondary-title><alt-title>The American surgeon</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Am Surg</full-title><abbr-1>The American surgeon</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Am Surg</full-title><abbr-1>The American surgeon</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>461-5</pages><volume>64</volume><number>5</number><keywords><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>Aged</keyword><keyword>Aged, 80 and over</keyword><keyword>Alcoholism/complications/*epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Comorbidity</keyword><keyword>Critical Care</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Hospital Mortality</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Injury Severity Score</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Middle Aged</keyword><keyword>Multiple Trauma/*epidemiology/surgery</keyword><keyword>Prognosis</keyword><keyword>Prospective Studies</keyword><keyword>Substance Abuse Detection</keyword><keyword>Substance-Related Disorders/complications/*epidemiology</keyword></keywords><dates><year>1998</year><pub-dates><date>May</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0003-1348 (Print)&#xD;0003-1348 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>9585786</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9585786</url></related-urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>b2���� 0@P`p������2(�� 0@P`p������ 0@P`p������ 0@P`p������ 0@P`p������ 0@P`p������ 0@P`p��8X�V~PJ_HmH	nHsH	tHR`�R\��$1$4$7$8$a$ KHOJ_HaJmH	nHsH	tHN@Nȩ� 1$$d�4$@&a$CJOJPJQJ^JJ@Jȩ� 2$$d�@&a$5�CJOJPJQJJ@Jȩ� 3$����@&WD��^��`��CJOJPJT@Tȩ� 4 $$��d�@&WDd`��a$5�CJOJPJ\�P@Pȩ� 5$$��d�@&`��a$5�CJOJPJ\�@@@ȩ� 6$@&6�CJOJPJQJ]�<@<ȩ� 7$d�@&CJOJPJ(A`�(0��� �}� �4�Fi�F
0\�� \� :V�4�4�
la�$k �$
0��]� ��L�T^@�T|�� (��)"$�d�d1$4$7$8$[$\$a$CJKHQJ^C@^��8� �����0�"�x���d�4$@&WD�^�x`���CJOJPJQJ^J0 @0���
��8!G$$)@�!$��t�� ��8�D�@2D
�� � ij��й MѤ¸�CJOJPJQJaJ.U`�A.X�t�|��l�>*B*ph�6V`�Q6	�Ŵ�� X�t�|��l�>*B*ph��PR@bP	��8� �����0� 2�qWD�`�q5�CJOJQJ\�^J0r08����
��B#G$.�o�. CharKHOJaJ2"@2��X��bd�`�bCJ*���*;V	highlightf�O�f�N�EndNote Bibliography Title$a$QJmHnHur�o�r�N�EndNote Bibliography Title CharKHOJQJaJmHnHuZ�O�Z�N�EndNote Bibliography$a$QJmHnHuf�o��f�N�EndNote Bibliography CharKHOJQJaJmHnHuPK!����[Content_Types].xml���N�0E�H���-J��@%�ǎǢ|�ș$�ز�U��L�TB� l,�3��;�r��Ø��J��B+$�G]��7O٭V��<a���(7��I��R�{�pgL�=��r���8�5v&����uQ�뉑8��C����X=��$␴�?6N�JC������F�B.ʹ'�.�+���Y�T���^e5�5�� ��ð�_�g -�;�����Yl�ݎ��|6^�N��`�?���[��PK!�֧�6_rels/.rels���j�0���}Q��%v/��C/�}�(h"���O�
����=������ ����C?�h�v=��Ʌ��%[xp��{۵_�Pѣ<�1�H�0���O�R�Bd���JE�4b$��q_����6L�R�7`������0̞O��,�En7�Li�b��/�S���e��е�����PK!ky���theme/theme/themeManager.xml�M
� @�}�w��7c�(Eb�ˮ��C�AǠҟ����7��՛K
Y,�
�e�.���|,���H�,l����xɴ��I�sQ}#Ր���� ֵ+�!�,�^�$j=�GW��)�E�+&
8���PK!�s���theme/theme/theme1.xml�YOoE�#�F{oc'vGu�رh�F�[��xw�;���jf��7�
		��(������J�ĥ|�@ԯ����N�VR�
�C�;��y3{�ҝ��"$�I۫��y�$>h����5I��3���7%һ���;�HL�O�:n{�R�Ғ�a��<%	̍����W.ݘ--�j�K1������1�	��O�?���ȩ��H��>M�8K6دk���.����~8$w���
&�^�����Kx=[�Ԃ��u}���e��e�S���i��h]�*�S�^����z�}4���i6�k�NN���󴻵f���K�W�dnu:�f+��5 �ؘï�V��ހ,�9�ot6��Uo@�:��_h�6\�E�&�sh��~?�^@ƜmW���V��3DC]�Ř'jQ��6}h Ê&HMS2�>�����C���o��R������/�4G$}AS��O1$ƌꋧ߿x��}rt���{���h	9��q�WU�r/�_�䗟��&I4��W�~{���ן���
����2|Hc"�5r��x������x�����$�8��K����)f��!�o
("U�˓ێ��HL��x%����E��h^%3'IX�\Lʸ=��xwq�7I�z�*�݈8b�2�(��(��>!�ݢԱ���|��-�:�V�dHGN4�m��2����f�&�pV��9p���U?$�1�e<Q8�"9�1+�*VQ�����˸�T��0�z��j�u���~Cݪt���.R(�_E�*漌����iv@���}O�C�b��U|����8Y�8�>�ܠ�#�,@��DT��2�N��l��)5Pڝ���5�o(�ϾyP!��Z�7�̜�c�z�x��r�7�Fo�I�K -�7��%�m����%zQ>�}a��b(Ӻ%�M�i����26PSF�JӄK؁�>�u�I�Y���d`��B��$����h������2#J�r	G3\I[���챳�$�rH�vx`�W�p~�(��Bs���h�e�r!#
��fu-ԩ�Սh�(:�
����L^���5��A���W�@��#f$�v�>��b�p�.�H�#������Iy��)������'X�ĭ�ɾ��8�̮��]�W�R�3/���Ȓrr���Vs��!�mogfx�S���$f!�<�Jذ?1�M�ϼ��s��� ��s
;u Rma��0SY�Ds��/7��g�@E5:�+k�M
���Z2_��]Ѷ��Y)�E� 
шM���P}*���T��t��f�-�Yҕo�Ύc�F8+�:E�L�pS�
�[I<ЭRv��˫bR��T)��L����J�=��=��HgJ��BE�PQ�/�q0���za�
n��A��s��Ik8J�="Aa?R� dʒ���ճ�˒d!Q%qej��†����C���&Y0����g4
u�S�7��{�́���J�u�44����`���fy�����6��g0+m�,�/��ڊ5��r3�8�1
Q
7IH����
��zC�=��>dhb6��l�t���#h��
&Mʚ6k������;݂�1ck�N��4vќ��\<Kcgvlm��<{<Eah�d�c�7��W->�
�ނ���	&�f%0�������Y��7��PK!
ѐ��'theme/theme/_rels/themeManager.xml.rels��M
�0���wooӺ�&݈Э���5
6?$Q��
�,.�a��i����c2�1h�:�q��m��@RN��;d�`��o7�g�K(M&$R(.1�r'J��ЊT���8��V�"��AȻ�H�u}��|�$�b{��P����8�g/]�QAsم(����#��L�[������PK-!����[Content_Types].xmlPK-!�֧�60_rels/.relsPK-!ky���theme/theme/themeManager.xmlPK-!�s����theme/theme/theme1.xmlPK-!
ѐ��'�	theme/theme/_rels/themeManager.xml.relsPK]�
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<a:clrMap xmlns:a="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/main" bg1="lt1" tx1="dk1" bg2="lt2" tx2="dk2" accent1="accent1" accent2="accent2" accent3="accent3" accent4="accent4" accent5="accent5" accent6="accent6" hlink="hlink" folHlink="folHlink"/>�h�����	%%%(�O
�
�Wa�$�%()�*�,�-/�/�0c1_2�3T5�6/@�A�C�Q4T�UHWXu`=b�c=f[o�p9;<>?@ABCDEFGHJKLMOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]_a�
�.�0f�l~p�p:=IN^`b
��(`dO��o����.|6�69!97989>9�;2B6BVC�I�I�L�L�L�L�L�N�N
OOOPP*P+P0P�PvV{VZYjY�Y�Y�YZZ+Z,Z1Z�^�^Og�hQ���Q���Q���QQ�@���Q���QQ�@���Q���Q���QQ�@���QQ�@���QQ�@���Q���QQ�@t���QQ�@���Q���!(!�!����X� ���0e����0e���������
  ������������ ��������������������������@�������� ��������5%������������ 8c8c	

?A�)BCD|�E�|���|��#
"����0e@����������� ������������� ������������� ����������� ������������ ��������������������� ��������� ����������������@AB���C DE�F�GHIJK5%LMNO�PQRSTUWY����Z����[ \�]����^����_ `�a����b����N������� ����������5%����������������������� ������������� �������������N������� ����������5%����������������������� ������������� �������������N��� ��	
5%
��������� ���������  �!����"����?N@AB���C DE�F�GHIJK5%LMNO�PQRSTUWY����Z����[ \�]����^����_ `�a����b����@���������H ��0�(	�
����0�(	�
��B
�S����	?�_cnq~���������LVck����)Obdx�����		5	M Q j#s#((�N�N�N�N�X�XRgZgihkhlhnhohqhrhthuh�h�h��Ocdxy������4	M � �'(�(�(>PSPRgZg[gdgeg�gh
hh;h<hDhihkhlhnhohqhrhthuh�h�h33333333333��7	D	`*�*d[p[^'^�^�^�^OgRg[gihkhlhnhohqhrhthuh�h�h���SS��		D	D	�
 
 �$�$�%�%�&�&@'C'�'�'�(�(�(�(�)�)7,7,!989�L�L�NOP+PjY�YZ,Zc[d[p[p[�^�^Pghhihihkhlhlhnhohqhrhthuh�h�h~g���*�����������V�`Z����������(189<�����������"������������'�&dӺ�����������+�7*��t�����������G֨������������AU�Y�l���������G6V�Q�S���������)'Wh�����������x0�h�����������*;;q�b����������4�\�^�4`�\�o()�
���p�^��`�p��h�H.�
�@�p�^�@`�p��h�H.�
���p�^��`�p��h�H.�
�`	�p�^�`	`�p��h�H.�
��
�p�^��
`�p��h�H.�
���p�^��`�p��h�H.�
��p�^�`�p��h�H.�
���p�^��`�p��h�H.�����^��`���o()����p���^��`�p�.��@�p��@^�@`�p�.����p���^��`�p�.��`	�p��`	^�`	`�p�.���
�p���
^��
`�p�.����p���^��`�p�.���p��^�`�p�.����p���^��`�p�.��z��^�`�z�o()����p���^��`�p�.��@�p��@^�@`�p�.����p���^��`�p�.��`	�p��`	^�`	`�p�.���
�p���
^��
`�p�.����p���^��`�p�.���p��^�`�p�.����p���^��`�p�.�%�k��%^�%`�k�6OJQJo()�
���p���^��`�p��h�H.�
�@�p��@^�@`�p��h�H.�
���p���^��`�p��h�H.�
�`	�p��`	^�`	`�p��h�H.�
��
�p���
^��
`�p��h�H.�
���p���^��`�p��h�H.�
��p��^�`�p��h�H.�
���p���^��`�p��h�H.�4�\�^�4`�\�o()�
���p�^��`�p��h�H.�
�@�p�^�@`�p��h�H.�
���p�^��`�p��h�H.�
�`	�p�^�`	`�p��h�H.�
��
�p�^��
`�p��h�H.�
���p�^��`�p��h�H.�
��p�^�`�p��h�H.�
���p�^��`�p��h�H.�������^��`���o(.�
���p���^��`�p��h�H.�
�@�p��@^�@`�p��h�H.�
���p���^��`�p��h�H.�
�`	�p��`	^�`	`�p��h�H.�
��
�p���
^��
`�p��h�H.�
���p���^��`�p��h�H.�
��p��^�`�p��h�H.�
���p���^��`�p��h�H.�����^��`���o()�
���p�^��`�p��h�H.�
�@�p�^�@`�p��h�H.�
���p�^��`�p��h�H.�
�`	�p�^�`	`�p��h�H.�
��
�p�^��
`�p��h�H.�
���p�^��`�p��h�H.�
��p�^�`�p��h�H.�
���p�^��`�p��h�H.�������^��`���o(.�
���p���^��`�p��h�H.�
�@�p��@^�@`�p��h�H.�
���p���^��`�p��h�H.�
�`	�p��`	^�`	`�p��h�H.�
��
�p���
^��
`�p��h�H.�
���p���^��`�p��h�H.�
��p��^�`�p��h�H.�
���p���^��`�p��h�H.�4�\�^�4`�\�o()�
���p�^��`�p��h�H.�
�@�p�^�@`�p��h�H.�
���p�^��`�p��h�H.�
�`	�p�^�`	`�p��h�H.�
��
�p�^��
`�p��h�H.�
���p�^��`�p��h�H.�
��p�^�`�p��h�H.�
���p�^��`�p��h�H.���z�^��`�z�6o()�
� �p�^� `�p��h�H.�
���p�^��`�p��h�H.�
�@�p�^�@`�p��h�H.�
���p�^��`�p��h�H.�
�`	�p�^�`	`�p��h�H.�
��
�p�^��
`�p��h�H.�
���p�^��`�p��h�H.�
��p�^�`�p��h�H.�������^��`���6o()�
���p���^��`�p��h�H.�
�@�p��@^�@`�p��h�H.�
���p���^��`�p��h�H.�
�`	�p��`	^�`	`�p��h�H.�
��
�p���
^��
`�p��h�H.�
���p���^��`�p��h�H.�
��p��^�`�p��h�H.�
���p���^��`�p��h�H.����^��`��o()��H�p��H^�H`�p�.����p���^��`�p�.��h�p��h^�h`�p�.����p���^��`�p�.���	�p���	^��	`�p�.���p��^�`�p�.����p���^��`�p�.��8�p��8^�8`�p�.x0�h�AU�+�7�V*;;q��"�(1)'WhG6V�'�&~g���G������������������������������������������������������F�								��D�								��v�								��								����								�`�								D�B								*�<K								D
�w								�z��								��@�								*��								Z�Y47D��L.|Au[�(�0 +��9�4pq	5o	�F
W
ef
A�6�)��KU�GA�\��1�BtCQV�tO�[��2\?g[�6�!�H!Z!8E#�&�&j&�7'iY'�y'�?)�b);,�r,h-�:-s3/�U/R0�q0�Y1r1�2�2�32.&38o3#585�6\T7am9�m;�o;&<-<kV<�m<�x<�=Nk=w=yB>~N>�:A�GB�EF�G�>G?H�HNH�mI�J�BJ^AK)'LmJL�nLONEaN3GOSP�gP�kP&oP�5QUK(U�AU;V_QVawV~V=	X�X�X~OX�fY([\+A\�&]IS]�2^\t^�u__� `�rb�bcPhc�Id
jeJfUgw&g%ug?jh�XiIni�@j�-mj.m�nIOnQok2o�go]7p�3q�dsOt�it>uEu�Mv�dw�pw	ByyZy}m]}�A~�U~+r~`�h_P�?p�:��O�?�%l��,��A�fs�^����_����(��%�D��*����{��	��-��8��H�]�$f��P�%R�X��Y��o�{����W���+5�]P��T�����GP��H�hT�$b�vv�%��F��d�	��"�#9��S�J��U��Y�9l����"���>f�6��,��L��z��>��#����6���Na�� �-�c3��+��~��F�!�7�G��.�}��%�30� \�?��m��B�W[�,�#2�N:�FV�j{�va�V0�|S�Ds��L�I&��K��|�Q~�8�B1�O �J.��%�5��V�!d�$z��o����A������{�`#�
I�
A�;R���i��U�@��N��]��?��e�`���������Y�f{����K��r������!�$|��#�K~��o��x��w��<��v�>
�\�l��1�^3��k��$��n��|�K�z�\?�d
�n#�S}� �'}�|<��w��x��T��/��&��R�da�ihkh��EN.InstantFormat	EN.LayoutEN.Libraries�<ENInstantFormat><Enabled>1</Enabled><ScanUnformatted>1</ScanUnformatted><ScanChanges>1</ScanChanges><Suspended>0</Suspended></ENInstantFormat>�<ENLayout><Style>Laryngoscope Copy1</Style><LeftDelim>{</LeftDelim><RightDelim>}</RightDelim><FontName>���</FontName><FontSize>10</FontSize><ReflistTitle></ReflistTitle><StartingRefnum>1</StartingRefnum><FirstLineIndent>0</FirstLineIndent><HangingIndent>720</HangingIndent><LineSpacing>0</LineSpacing><SpaceAfter>0</SpaceAfter><HyperlinksEnabled>0</HyperlinksEnabled><HyperlinksVisible>0</HyperlinksVisible><EnableBibliographyCategories>0</EnableBibliographyCategories></ENLayout><Libraries></Libraries>�@�hhhhhhhh�h�@��UnknowncEditor������������G��*�Ax�	�Times New Roman5��Symbol3.��*�Cx�	�Arial3�����|�)HY�…�p�;�����|�i0����Batang9>�����|�i0�t���Gulim9>�����|�i0�˳��DotumA���$B�Cambria Math q� �h�zV�{V����f ��X5���X5�!"!%),.:;?]}��  2 3 !	00
0000��	������=�]��([\{��  0
00000��;�[��������24h4h�	3�q��HX	�$P����������������������,�2!xx����%ѼDŬ� 0�D���� ����ȹt��� �ȅ� �� ��\� ����խ�X� ���Y�� ��T�
Windows XPc<	
����Oh��+'��0����� 	,8
Xdp
|�����D���Ƹ� ��ƿ��� ��Ÿ���̽� ��� �� �߻��� ��������� ������ ��ȭWindows XPNormalc4Microsoft Office Word@�hx@�)����@�?Z|��@������X����՜.��+,��0(hp|�������
���54hC���Ƹ� ��ƿ��� ��Ÿ���̽� ��� �� �߻��� ��������� ������ ��ȭ����	

 !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abc����efghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������Root Entry��������	�F��F����Data
������������d0O1Table����������XWordDocument
����6�SummaryInformation(�������������DocumentSummaryInformation8���������MsoDataStore����������=�����F�����A��PRZM�S1������D��Q==2����������=�����F���Item
����	�����Properties������������UCompObj����
n����������������	����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������<b:Sources SelectedStyle="\APA.XSL" StyleName="APA" xmlns:b="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/bibliography" xmlns="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/bibliography"></b:Sources>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<ds:datastoreItem ds:itemID="{983110D2-59F4-4432-9BBE-D87192A0ECB5}" xmlns:ds="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/customXml"><ds:schemaRefs><ds:schemaRef ds:uri="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/bibliography"/></ds:schemaRefs></ds:datastoreItem>��
����	�FMicrosoft Word 97-2003 ����
MSWordDocWord.Document.8�9�q

Youez - 2016 - github.com/yon3zu
LinuXploit