����JFIFXX�����    $.' ",#(7),01444'9=82<.342  2!!22222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222����"��4�� ���,�PG"Z_�4�˷����kjز�Z�,F+��_z�,�© �����zh6�٨�ic�fu���#ډb���_�N�?��wQ���5-�~�I���8����TK<5o�Iv-�����k�_U_�����~b�M��d����Ӝ�U�Hh��?]��E�w��Q���k�{��_}qFW7HTՑ��Y��F�?_�'ϔ��_�Ջt��=||I ��6�έ"�����D���/[�k�9���Y�8ds|\���Ҿp6�Ҵ���]��.����6�z<�v��@]�i%��$j��~�g��J>��no����pM[me�i$[����s�o�ᘨ�˸ nɜG-�ĨU�ycP�3.DB�li�;��hj���x7Z^�N�h������N3u{�:j�x�힞��#M&��jL P@_���� P��&��o8������9�����@Sz6�t7#O�ߋ �s}Yf�T���lmr����Z)'N��k�۞p����w\�Tȯ?�8`�O��i{wﭹW�[�r�� ��Q4F�׊���3m&L�=��h3����z~��#�\�l :�F,j@�� ʱ�wQT����8�"kJO���6�֚l����}���R�>ډK���]��y����&����p�}b��;N�1�m�r$�|��7�>e�@B�TM*-iH��g�D�)� E�m�|�ؘbҗ�a��Ҿ����t4���o���G��*oCN�rP���Q��@z,|?W[0�����:�n,jWiE��W��$~/�hp\��?��{(�0���+�Y8rΟ�+����>S-S����VN;�}�s?.����� w�9��˟<���Mq4�Wv'��{)0�1mB��V����W[�����8�/<� �%���wT^�5���b��)iM� pg�N�&ݝ��VO~�q���u���9� ����!��J27����$O-���! �:�%H��� ـ����y�ΠM=t{!S�� oK8������t<����è:a������[�����ա�H���~��w��Qz`�po�^ ����Q��n� �,uu�C�$ ^���,������8�#��:�6��e�|~���!�3�3.�\0��q��o�4`.|� ����y�Q�`~;�d�ׯ,��O�Zw�������`73�v�܋�<���Ȏ�� ـ4k��5�K�a�u�=9Yd��$>x�A�&�� j0� ���vF��� Y�|�y��� ~�6�@c��1vOp�Ig����4��l�OD���L����� R���c���j�_�uX6��3?nk��Wy�f;^*B� ��@�~a�`��Eu������+���6�L��.ü>��}y���}_�O�6�͐�:�YrG�X��kG�����l^w���~㒶sy��Iu�!� W ��X��N�7BV��O��!X�2����wvG�R�f�T#�����t�/?���%8�^�W�aT��G�cL�M���I��(J����1~�8�?aT ���]����AS�E��(��*E}� 2��#I/�׍qz��^t�̔���b�Yz4x���t�){ OH��+(E��A&�N�������XT��o��"�XC��'���)}�J�z�p� ��~5�}�^����+�6����w��c��Q�|Lp�d�H��}�(�.|����k��c4^�"�����Z?ȕ ��a<�L�!039C� �Eu�C�F�Ew�ç ;�n?�*o���B�8�bʝ���'#Rqf���M}7����]����s2tcS{�\icTx;�\��7K���P���ʇ Z O-��~��c>"��?�������P��E��O�8��@�8��G��Q�g�a�Վ���󁶠�䧘��_%#r�>�1�z�a��eb��qcPѵ��n���#L��� =��׀t� L�7�`��V���A{�C:�g���e@�w1 Xp3�c3�ġ����p��M"'-�@n4���fG��B3�DJ�8[Jo�ߐ���gK)ƛ��$���� ���8�3�����+���� �����6�ʻ���� ���S�kI�*KZlT _`���?��K����QK�d����B`�s}�>���`��*�>��,*@J�d�oF*����弝��O}�k��s��]��y�ߘ��c1G�V���<=�7��7����6�q�PT��tXԀ�!9*4�4Tހ3XΛex�46���Y��D ����� �BdemDa����\�_l,��G�/���֌7���Y�](�xTt^%�GE�����4�}bT���ڹ�����;Y)���B�Q��u��>J/J �⮶.�XԄ��j�ݳ�+E��d ��r�5�_D�1 ��o�� �B�x�΢�#���<��W�����8���R6�@g�M�.��� dr�D��>(otU��@x=��~v���2� ӣ�d�oBd��3�eO�6�㣷�����ݜ6��6Y��Qz`��S��{���\P�~z m5{J/L��1������<�e�ͅPu�b�]�ϔ���'������f�b� Zpw��c`"��i���BD@:)ִ�:�]��hv�E�w���T�l��P���"Ju�}��وV J��G6��. J/�Qgl߭�e�����@�z�Zev2u�)]կ�����7x���s�M�-<ɯ�c��r�v�����@��$�ޮ}lk���a���'����>x��O\�ZFu>�����ck#��&:��`�$�ai�>2Δ����l���oF[h��lE�ܺ�Πk:)���`�� $[6�����9�����kOw�\|���8}������ބ:��񶐕��I�A1/�=�2[�,�!��.}gN#�u����b��� ~��݊��}34q����d�E��Lc��$��"�[q�U�硬g^��%B �z���r�pJ�ru%v\h1Y�ne`ǥ:g���pQM~�^�Xi� ��`S�:V29.�P���V�?B�k�� AEvw%�_�9C�Q����wKekPؠ�\�;Io d�{ ߞo�c1eP����\� `����E=���@K<�Y���eڼ�J���w����{av�F�'�M�@/J��+9p���|]�����Iw &`��8���&M�hg��[�{��Xj��%��Ӓ�$��(����ʹN���<>�I���RY���K2�NPlL�ɀ)��&e����B+ь����( � �JTx���_?EZ� }@ 6�U���뙢ط�z��dWI�n` D����噥�[��uV��"�G&Ú����2g�}&m��?ċ�"����Om#��������� ��{�ON��"S�X��Ne��ysQ���@Fn��Vg���dX�~nj�]J�<�K]:��FW��b�������62�=��5f����JKw��bf�X�55��~J �%^����:�-�QIE��P��v�nZum� z � ~ə ���� ���ة����;�f��\v���g�8�1��f24;�V���ǔ�)����9���1\��c��v�/'Ƞ�w�������$�4�R-��t���� e�6�/�ġ �̕Ecy�J���u�B���<�W�ַ~�w[B1L۲�-JS΂�{���΃������A��20�c#��@ 0!1@AP"#2Q`$3V�%45a6�FRUq��� ����^7ׅ,$n�������+��F�`��2X'��0vM��p�L=������5��8������u�p~���.�`r�����\���O��,ư�0oS ��_�M�����l���4�kv\JSd���x���SW�<��Ae�IX����������$I���w�:S���y���›R��9�Q[���,�5�;�@]�%���u�@ *ro�lbI �� ��+���%m:�͇ZV�����u�̉����θau<�fc�.����{�4Ա� �Q����*�Sm��8\ujqs]{kN���)qO�y�_*dJ�b�7���yQqI&9�ԌK!�M}�R�;������S�T���1���i[U�ɵz�]��U)V�S6���3$K{�ߊ<�(� E]Զ[ǼENg�����'�\?#)Dkf��J���o��v���'�%ƞ�&K�u�!��b�35LX�Ϸ��63$K�a�;�9>,R��W��3�3� d�JeTYE.Mϧ��-�o�j3+y��y^�c�������VO�9NV\nd�1 ��!͕_)a�v;����թ�M�lWR1��)El��P;��yوÏ�u 3�k�5Pr6<�⒲l�!˞*��u־�n�!�l:����UNW ��%��Chx8vL'��X�@��*��)���̮��ˍ��� ���D-M�+J�U�kvK����+�x8��cY������?�Ԡ��~3mo��|�u@[XeY�C�\Kp�x8�oC�C�&����N�~3-H���� ��MX�s�u<`���~"WL��$8ξ��3���a�)|:@�m�\���^�`�@ҷ)�5p+��6���p�%i)P M���ngc�����#0Aruz���RL+xSS?���ʮ}()#�t��mˇ!��0}}y����<�e� �-ή�Ԩ��X������ MF���ԙ~l L.3���}�V뽺�v�����멬��Nl�)�2����^�Iq��a��M��qG��T�����c3#������3U�Ǎ���}��לS�|qa��ڃ�+���-��2�f����/��bz��ڐ�� �ݼ[2�ç����k�X�2�* �Z�d���J�G����M*9W���s{��w���T��x��y,�in�O�v��]���n����P�$�JB@=4�OTI�n��e�22a\����q�d���%�$��(���:���: /*�K[PR�fr\nڙdN���F�n�$�4�[�� U�zƶ����� �mʋ���,�ao�u 3�z� �x��Kn����\[��VFmbE;�_U��&V�Gg�]L�۪&#n%�$ɯ�dG���D�TI=�%+AB�Ru#��b4�1�»x�cs�YzڙJG��f��Il��d�eF'T� iA��T���uC�$����Y��H?����[!G`}���ͪ� �纤Hv\������j�Ex�K���!���OiƸ�Yj�+u-<���'q����uN�*�r\��+�]���<�wOZ.fp�ێ��,-*)V?j-kÊ#�`�r��dV����(�ݽBk�����G�ƛk�QmUڗe��Z���f}|����8�8��a���i��3'J�����~G_�^���d�8w������ R�`(�~�.��u���l�s+g�bv���W���lGc}��u���afE~1�Ue������Z�0�8�=e�� f@/�jqEKQQ�J��oN��J���W5~M>$6�Lt�;$ʳ{���^��6�{����v6���ķܰg�V�cnn �~z�x�«�,2�u�?cE+Ș�H؎�%�Za�)���X>uW�Tz�Nyo����s���FQƤ��$��*�&�LLXL)�1�" L��eO��ɟ�9=���:t��Z���c��Ž���Y?�ӭV�wv�~,Y��r�ۗ�|�y��GaF�����C�����.�+� ���v1���fήJ�����]�S��T��B��n5sW}y�$��~z�'�c ��8 ��� ,! �p��VN�S��N�N�q��y8z˱�A��4��*��'������2n<�s���^ǧ˭P�Jޮɏ�U�G�L�J�*#��<�V��t7�8����TĜ>��i}K%,���)[��z�21z ?�N�i�n1?T�I�R#��m-�����������������1����lA�`��fT5+��ܐ�c�q՝��ʐ��,���3�f2U�եmab��#ŠdQ�y>\��)�SLY����w#��.���ʑ�f��� ,"+�w�~�N�'�c�O�3F�������N<���)j��&��,-� �љ���֊�_�zS���TǦ����w�>��?�������n��U仆�V���e�����0���$�C�d���rP �m�׈e�Xm�Vu� �L��.�bֹ��� �[Դaզ���*��\y�8�Է:�Ez\�0�Kq�C b��̘��cө���Q��=0Y��s�N��S.���3.���O�o:���#���v7�[#߫ ��5�܎�L���Er4���9n��COWlG�^��0k�%<���ZB���aB_���������'=��{i�v�l�$�uC���mƎҝ{�c㱼�y]���W�i ��ߧc��m�H� m�"�"�����;Y�ߝ�Z�Ǔ�����:S#��|}�y�,/k�Ld� TA�(�AI$+I3��;Y*���Z��}|��ӧO��d�v��..#:n��f>�>���ȶI�TX��� 8��y����"d�R�|�)0���=���n4��6ⲑ�+��r<�O�܂~zh�z����7ܓ�HH�Ga롏���nCo�>������a ���~]���R���̲c?�6(�q�;5%� |�uj�~z8R=X��I�V=�|{v�Gj\gc��q����z�؋%M�ߍ����1y��#��@f^���^�>N�����#x#۹��6�Y~�?�dfPO��{��P�4��V��u1E1J �*|���%���JN��`eWu�zk M6���q t[�� ��g�G���v��WIG��u_ft����5�j�"�Y�:T��ɐ���*�;� e5���4����q$C��2d�}���� _S�L#m�Yp��O�.�C�;��c����Hi#֩%+) �Ӎ��ƲV���SYź��g |���tj��3�8���r|���V��1#;.SQ�A[���S������#���`n�+���$��$I �P\[�@�s��(�ED�z���P��])8�G#��0B��[ى��X�II�q<��9�~[Z멜�Z�⊔IWU&A>�P~�#��dp<�?����7���c��'~���5 ��+$���lx@�M�dm��n<=e�dyX��?{�|Aef ,|n3�<~z�ƃ�uۧ�����P��Y,�ӥQ�*g�#먙R�\���;T��i,��[9Qi歉����c>]9�� ��"�c��P�� �Md?٥��If�ت�u��k��/����F��9�c*9��Ǎ:�ØF���z�n*�@|I�ށ9����N3{'��[�'ͬ�Ҳ4��#}��!�V� Fu��,�,mTIk���v C�7v���B�6k�T9��1�*l� '~��ƞF��lU��'�M ����][ΩũJ_�{�i�I�n��$���L�� j��O�dx�����kza۪��#�E��Cl����x˘�o�����V���ɞ�ljr��)�/,�߬h�L��#��^��L�ф�,íMƁe�̩�NB�L�����iL����q�}��(��q��6IçJ$�W�E$��:������=#����(�K�B����zђ <��K(�N�۫K�w��^O{!����)�H���>x�������lx�?>Պ�+�>�W���,Ly!_�D���Ō�l���Q�!�[ �S����J��1��Ɛ�Y}��b,+�Lo�x�ɓ)����=�y�oh�@�꥟/��I��ѭ=��P�y9��� �ۍYӘ�e+�p�Jnϱ?V\SO%�(�t� ���=?MR�[Ș�����d�/ ��n�l��B�7j� ��!�;ӥ�/�[-���A�>�dN�sLj ��,ɪv��=1c�.SQ�O3�U���ƀ�ܽ�E����������̻��9G�ϷD�7(�}��Ävӌ\�y�_0[w ���<΍>����a_��[0+�L��F.�޺��f�>oN�T����q;���y\��bՃ��y�jH�<|q-eɏ�_?_9+P���Hp$�����[ux�K w�Mw��N�ی'$Y2�=��q���KB��P��~������Yul:�[<����F1�2�O���5=d����]Y�sw:���Ϯ���E��j,_Q��X��z`H1,#II ��d�wr��P˂@�ZJV����y$�\y�{}��^~���[:N����ߌ�U�������O��d�����ؾe��${p>G��3c���Ė�lʌ�� ת��[��`ϱ�-W����dg�I��ig2��� ��}s ��ؤ(%#sS@���~���3�X�nRG�~\jc3�v��ӍL��M[JB�T��s3}��j�Nʖ��W����;7��ç?=X�F=-�=����q�ߚ���#���='�c��7���ڑW�I(O+=:uxq�������������e2�zi+�kuG�R��������0�&e�n���iT^J����~\jy���p'dtG��s����O��3����9* �b#Ɋ�� p������[Bws�T�>d4�ۧs���nv�n���U���_�~,�v����ƜJ1��s�� �QIz��)�(lv8M���U=�;����56��G���s#�K���MP�=��LvyGd��}�VwWBF�'�à �?MH�U�g2�� ����!�p�7Q��j��ڴ����=��j�u��� Jn�A s���uM������e��Ɔ�Ҕ�!)'��8Ϣ�ٔ��ޝ(��Vp���צ֖d=�IC�J�Ǡ{q������kԭ�߸���i��@K����u�|�p=..�*+����x�����z[Aqġ#s2a�Ɗ���RR�)*HRsi�~�a &f��M��P����-K�L@��Z��Xy�'x�{}��Zm+���:�)�) IJ�-i�u���� ���ܒH��'�L(7�y�GӜq���� j��� 6ߌg1�g�o���,kر���tY�?W,���p���e���f�OQS��!K�۟cҒA�|ս�j�>��=⬒��˧L[�� �߿2JaB~R��u�:��Q�] �0H~���]�7��Ƽ�I���(}��cq '�ήET���q�?f�ab���ӥvr� �)o��-Q��_'����ᴎo��K������;��V���o��%���~OK ����*��b�f:���-ťIR��`B�5!RB@���ï�� �u �̯e\�_U�_������� g�ES��3�������QT��a����x����U<~�c?�*�#]�MW,[8O�a�x��]�1bC|踤�P��lw5V%�)�{t�<��d��5���0i�XSU��m:��Z�┵�i�"��1�^B�-��P�hJ��&)O��*�D��c�W��vM��)����}���P��ܗ-q����\mmζZ-l@�}��a��E�6��F�@��&Sg@���ݚ�M����� ȹ 4����#p�\H����dYDo�H���"��\��..R�B�H�z_�/5˘����6��KhJR��P�mƶi�m���3�,#c�co��q�a)*Pt����R�m�k�7x�D�E�\Y�閣_X�<���~�)���c[[�BP����6�Yq���S��0����%_����;��Àv�~�| VS؇ ��'O0��F0��\���U�-�d@�����7�SJ*z��3n��y��P����O���������m�~�P�3|Y��ʉr#�C�<�G~�.,! ���bqx���h~0=��!ǫ�jy����l�O,�[B��~��|9��ٱ����Xly�#�i�B��g%�S��������tˋ���e���ې��\[d�t)��.+u�|1 ������#�~Oj����hS�%��i.�~X���I�H�m��0n���c�1uE�q��cF�RF�o���7� �O�ꮧ� ���ۛ{��ʛi5�rw?׌#Qn�TW��~?y$��m\�\o����%W� ?=>S�N@�� �Ʈ���R����N�)�r"C�:��:����� �����#��qb��Y�. �6[��2K����2u�Ǧ�HYR��Q�MV��� �G�$��Q+.>�����nNH��q�^��� ����q��mM��V��D�+�-�#*�U�̒ ���p욳��u:�������IB���m���PV@O���r[b= �� ��1U�E��_Nm�yKbN�O���U�}�the�`�|6֮P>�\2�P�V���I�D�i�P�O;�9�r�mAHG�W�S]��J*�_�G��+kP�2����Ka�Z���H�'K�x�W�MZ%�O�YD�Rc+o��?�q��Ghm��d�S�oh�\�D�|:W������UA�Qc yT�q������~^�H��/��#p�CZ���T�I�1�ӏT����4��"�ČZ�����}��`w�#�*,ʹ�� ��0�i��課�Om�*�da��^gJ݅{���l�e9uF#T�ֲ��̲�ٞC"�q���ߍ ոޑ�o#�XZTp����@ o�8��(jd��xw�]�,f���`~�|,s��^����f�1���t��|��m�򸄭/ctr��5s��7�9Q�4�H1꠲BB@l9@���C�����+�wp�xu�£Yc�9��?`@#�o�mH�s2��)�=��2�.�l����jg�9$�Y�S�%*L������R�Y������7Z���,*=�䷘$�������arm�o�ϰ���UW.|�r�uf����IGw�t����Zwo��~5 ��YյhO+=8fF�)�W�7�L9lM�̘·Y���֘YLf�큹�pRF���99.A �"wz��=E\Z���'a� 2��Ǚ�#;�'}�G���*��l��^"q��+2FQ� hj��kŦ��${���ޮ-�T�٭cf�|�3#~�RJ����t��$b�(R��(����r���dx� >U b�&9,>���%E\� Ά�e�$��'�q't��*�א���ެ�b��-|d���SB�O�O��$�R+�H�)�܎�K��1m`;�J�2�Y~9��O�g8=vqD`K[�F)k�[���1m޼c��n���]s�k�z$@��)!I �x՝"v��9=�ZA=`Ɠi �:�E��)`7��vI��}d�YI�_ �o�:ob���o ���3Q��&D&�2=�� �Ά��;>�h����y.*ⅥS������Ӭ�+q&����j|UƧ����}���J0��WW< ۋS�)jQR�j���Ư��rN)�Gű�4Ѷ(�S)Ǣ�8��i��W52���No˓� ۍ%�5brOn�L�;�n��\G����=�^U�dI���8$�&���h��'���+�(������cȁ߫k�l��S^���cƗjԌE�ꭔ��gF���Ȓ��@���}O���*;e�v�WV���YJ\�]X'5��ղ�k�F��b 6R�o՜m��i N�i����>J����?��lPm�U��}>_Z&�KK��q�r��I�D�Չ~�q�3fL�:S�e>���E���-G���{L�6p�e,8��������QI��h��a�Xa��U�A'���ʂ���s�+טIjP�-��y�8ۈZ?J$��W�P� ��R�s�]��|�l(�ԓ��sƊi��o(��S0��Y� 8�T97.�����WiL��c�~�dxc�E|�2!�X�K�Ƙਫ਼�$((�6�~|d9u+�qd�^3�89��Y�6L�.I�����?���iI�q���9�)O/뚅����O���X��X�V��ZF[�یgQ�L��K1���RҖr@v�#��X�l��F���Нy�S�8�7�kF!A��sM���^rkp�jP�DyS$N���q��nxҍ!U�f�!eh�i�2�m���`�Y�I�9r�6� �TF���C}/�y�^���Η���5d�'��9A-��J��>{�_l+�`��A���[�'��յ�ϛ#w:݅�%��X�}�&�PSt�Q�"�-��\縵�/����$Ɨh�Xb�*�y��BS����;W�ջ_mc�����vt?2}1�;qS�d�d~u:2k5�2�R�~�z+|HE!)�Ǟl��7`��0�<�,�2*���Hl-��x�^����'_TV�gZA�'j� ^�2Ϊ��N7t�����?w�� �x1��f��Iz�C-Ȗ��K�^q�;���-W�DvT�7��8�Z�������� hK�(P:��Q- �8�n�Z���܃e貾�<�1�YT<�,�����"�6{/ �?�͟��|1�:�#g��W�>$����d��J��d�B��=��jf[��%rE^��il:��B���x���Sּ�1հ��,�=��*�7 fcG��#q� �eh?��2�7�����,�!7x��6�n�LC�4x��},Geǝ�tC.��vS �F�43��zz\��;QYC,6����~;RYS/6���|2���5���v��T��i����������mlv��������&� �nRh^ejR�LG�f���? �ۉҬܦƩ��|��Ȱ����>3����!v��i�ʯ�>�v��オ�X3e���_1z�Kȗ\<������!�8���V��]��?b�k41�Re��T�q��mz��TiOʦ�Z��Xq���L������q"+���2ۨ��8}�&N7XU7Ap�d�X��~�׿��&4e�o�F��� �H����O���č�c�� 懴�6���͉��+)��v;j��ݷ�� �UV�� i��� j���Y9GdÒJ1��詞�����V?h��l����l�cGs�ځ�������y�Ac�����\V3�? �� ܙg�>qH�S,�E�W�[�㺨�uch�⍸�O�}���a��>�q�6�n6����N6�q������N ! 1AQaq�0@����"2BRb�#Pr���3C`��Scst���$4D���%Td�� ?���N����a��3��m���C���w��������xA�m�q�m���m������$����4n淿t'��C"w��zU=D�\R+w�p+Y�T�&�պ@��ƃ��3ޯ?�Aﶂ��aŘ���@-�����Q�=���9D��ռ�ѻ@��M�V��P��܅�G5�f�Y<�u=,EC)�<�Fy'�"�&�չ�X~f��l�KԆV��?�� �W�N����=(� �;���{�r����ٌ�Y���h{�١������jW����P���Tc�����X�K�r��}���w�R��%��?���E��m�� �Y�q|����\lEE4���r���}�lsI�Y������f�$�=�d�yO����p�����yBj8jU�o�/�S��?�U��*������ˍ�0������u�q�m [�?f����a�� )Q�>����6#������� ?����0UQ����,IX���(6ڵ[�DI�MNލ�c&���υ�j\��X�R|,4��� j������T�hA�e��^���d���b<����n�� �즇�=!���3�^�`j�h�ȓr��jẕ�c�,ٞX����-����a�ﶔ���#�$��]w�O��Ӫ�1y%��L�Y<�wg#�ǝ�̗`�x�xa�t�w��»1���o7o5��>�m뭛C���Uƃߜ}�C���y1Xνm�F8�jI���]����H���ۺиE@I�i;r�8ӭ����V�F�Շ| ��&?�3|x�B�MuS�Ge�=Ӕ�#BE5G�����Y!z��_e��q�р/W>|-�Ci߇�t�1ޯќd�R3�u��g�=0 5��[?�#͏��q�cf���H��{ ?u�=?�?ǯ���}Z��z���hmΔ�BFTW�����<�q�(v� ��!��z���iW]*�J�V�z��gX֧A�q�&��/w���u�gYӘa���; �i=����g:��?2�dž6�ى�k�4�>�Pxs����}������G�9��3 ���)gG�R<>r h�$��'nc�h�P��Bj��J�ҧH� -��N1���N��?��~��}-q!=��_2hc�M��l�vY%UE�@|�v����M2�.Y[|y�"Eï��K�ZF,�ɯ?,q�?v�M 80jx�"�;�9vk�����+ ֧�� �ȺU��?�%�vcV��mA�6��Qg^M����A}�3�nl� QRN�l8�kkn�'�����(��M�7m9و�q���%ޟ���*h$Zk"��$�9��: �?U8�Sl��,,|ɒ��xH(ѷ����Gn�/Q�4�P��G�%��Ա8�N��!� �&�7�;���eKM7�4��9R/%����l�c>�x;������>��C�:�����t��h?aKX�bhe�ᜋ^�$�Iհ �hr7%F$�E��Fd���t��5���+�(M6�t����Ü�UU|zW�=a�Ts�Tg������dqP�Q����b'�m���1{|Y����X�N��b �P~��F^F:����k6�"�j!�� �I�r�`��1&�-$�Bevk:y���#yw��I0��x��=D�4��tU���P�ZH��ڠ底taP��6����b>�xa����Q�#� WeF��ŮNj�p�J* mQ�N����*I�-*�ȩ�F�g�3 �5��V�ʊ�ɮ�a��5F���O@{���NX��?����H�]3��1�Ri_u��������ѕ�� ����0��� F��~��:60�p�͈�S��qX#a�5>���`�o&+�<2�D����: �������ڝ�$�nP���*)�N�|y�Ej�F�5ټ�e���ihy�Z �>���k�bH�a�v��h�-#���!�Po=@k̆IEN��@��}Ll?j�O������߭�ʞ���Q|A07x���wt!xf���I2?Z��<ץ�T���cU�j��]��陎Ltl �}5�ϓ��$�,��O�mˊ�;�@O��jE��j(�ا,��LX���LO���Ц�90�O �.����a��nA���7������j4 ��W��_ٓ���zW�jcB������y՗+EM�)d���N�g6�y1_x��p�$Lv:��9�"z��p���ʙ$��^��JԼ*�ϭ����o���=x�Lj�6�J��u82�A�H�3$�ٕ@�=Vv�]�'�qEz�;I˼��)��=��ɯ���x �/�W(V���p�����$ �m�������u�����񶤑Oqˎ�T����r��㠚x�sr�GC��byp�G��1ߠ�w e�8�$⿄����/�M{*}��W�]˷.�CK\�ުx���/$�WPw���r� |i���&�}�{�X� �>��$-��l���?-z���g����lΆ���(F���h�vS*���b���߲ڡn,|)mrH[���a�3�ר�[1��3o_�U�3�TC�$��(�=�)0�kgP���� ��u�^=��4 �WYCҸ:��vQ�ר�X�à��tk�m,�t*��^�,�}D*� �"(�I��9R����>`�`��[~Q]�#af��i6l��8���6�:,s�s�N6�j"�A4���IuQ��6E,�GnH��zS�HO�uk�5$�I�4��ؤ�Q9�@��C����wp�BGv[]�u�Ov���0I4���\��y�����Q�Ѹ��~>Z��8�T��a��q�ޣ;z��a���/��S��I:�ܫ_�|������>=Z����8:�S��U�I�J��"IY���8%b8���H��:�QO�6�;7�I�S��J��ҌAά3��>c���E+&jf$eC+�z�;��V����� �r���ʺ������my�e���aQ�f&��6�ND��.:��NT�vm�<- u���ǝ\MvZY�N�NT��-A�>jr!S��n�O 1�3�Ns�%�3D@���`������ܟ 1�^c<���� �a�ɽ�̲�Xë#�w�|y�cW�=�9I*H8�p�^(4���՗�k��arOcW�tO�\�ƍR��8����'�K���I�Q�����?5�>[�}��yU�ײ -h��=��% q�ThG�2�)���"ו3]�!kB��*p�FDl�A���,�eEi�H�f�Ps�����5�H:�Փ~�H�0Dت�D�I����h�F3�������c��2���E��9�H��5�zԑ�ʚ�i�X�=:m�xg�hd(�v����׊�9iS��O��d@0ڽ���:�p�5�h-��t�&���X�q�ӕ,��ie�|���7A�2���O%P��E��htj��Y1��w�Ѓ!����  ���� ࢽ��My�7�\�a�@�ţ�J �4�Ȼ�F�@o�̒?4�wx��)��]�P��~�����u�����5�����7X ��9��^ܩ�U;Iꭆ 5 �������eK2�7(�{|��Y׎ �V��\"���Z�1� Z�����}��(�Ǝ"�1S���_�vE30>���p;� ΝD��%x�W�?W?v����o�^V�i�d��r[��/&>�~`�9Wh��y�;���R��� ;;ɮT��?����r$�g1�K����A��C��c��K��l:�'��3 c�ﳯ*"t8�~l��)���m��+U,z��`(�>yJ�?����h>��]��v��ЍG*�{`��;y]��I�T� ;c��NU�fo¾h���/$���|NS���1�S�"�H��V���T���4��uhǜ�]�v;���5�͠x��'C\�SBpl���h}�N����� A�Bx���%��ޭ�l��/����T��w�ʽ]D�=����K���ž�r㻠l4�S�O?=�k �M:� ��c�C�a�#ha���)�ѐxc�s���gP�iG��{+���x���Q���I= �� z��ԫ+ �8"�k�ñ�j=|����c ��y��CF��/��*9ж�h{ �?4�o� ��k�m�Q�N�x��;�Y��4膚�a�w?�6�>e]�����Q�r�:����g�,i"�����ԩA�*M�<�G��b�if��l^M��5� �Ҩ�{����6J��ZJ�����P�*�����Y���ݛu�_4�9�I8�7���������,^ToR���m4�H��?�N�S�ѕw��/S��甍�@�9H�S�T��t�ƻ���ʒU��*{Xs�@����f�����֒Li�K{H�w^���������Ϥm�tq���s� ���ք��f:��o~s��g�r��ט� �S�ѱC�e]�x���a��) ���(b-$(�j>�7q�B?ӕ�F��hV25r[7 Y� }L�R��}����*sg+��x�r�2�U=�*'WS��ZDW]�WǞ�<��叓���{�$�9Ou4��y�90-�1�'*D`�c�^o?(�9��u���ݐ��'PI&� f�Jݮ�������:wS����jfP1F:X �H�9dԯ���˝[�_54 �}*;@�ܨ�� ð�yn�T���?�ןd�#���4rG�ͨ��H�1�|-#���Mr�S3��G�3�����)�.᧏3v�z֑��r����$G"�`j �1t��x0<Ɔ�Wh6�y�6��,œ�Ga��gA����y��b��)��h�D��ß�_�m��ü �gG;��e�v��ݝ�nQ� ��C����-�*��o���y�a��M��I�>�<���]obD��"�:���G�A��-\%LT�8���c�)��+y76���o�Q�#*{�(F�⽕�y����=���rW�\p���۩�c���A���^e6��K������ʐ�cVf5$�'->���ՉN"���F�"�UQ@�f��Gb~��#�&�M=��8�ט�JNu9��D��[̤�s�o�~������ G��9T�tW^g5y$b��Y'��س�Ǵ�=��U-2 #�MC�t(�i� �lj�@Q 5�̣i�*�O����s�x�K�f��}\��M{E�V�{�υ��Ƈ�����);�H����I��fe�Lȣr�2��>��W�I�Ȃ6������i��k�� �5�YOxȺ����>��Y�f5'��|��H+��98pj�n�.O�y�������jY��~��i�w'������l�;�s�2��Y��:'lg�ꥴ)o#'Sa�a�K��Z� �m��}�`169�n���"���x��I ��*+� }F<��cГ���F�P�������ֹ*�PqX�x۩��,� ��N�� �4<-����%����:��7����W���u�`����� $�?�I��&����o��o��`v�>��P��"��l���4��5'�Z�gE���8���?��[�X�7(��.Q�-��*���ތL@̲����v��.5���[��=�t\+�CNܛ��,g�SQnH����}*F�G16���&:�t��4ُ"A��̣��$�b �|����#rs��a�����T�� ]�<�j��BS�('$�ɻ� �wP;�/�n��?�ݜ��x�F��yUn�~mL*-�������Xf�wd^�a�}��f�,=t�׵i�.2/wpN�Ep8�OР���•��R�FJ� 55TZ��T �ɭ�<��]��/�0�r�@�f��V��V����Nz�G��^���7hZi����k��3�,kN�e|�vg�1{9]_i��X5y7� 8e]�U����'�-2,���e"����]ot�I��Y_��n�(JҼ��1�O ]bXc���Nu�No��pS���Q_���_�?i�~�x h5d'�(qw52] ��'ޤ�q��o1�R!���`ywy�A4u���h<קy���\[~�4�\ X�Wt/� 6�����n�F�a8��f���z �3$�t(���q��q�x��^�XWeN'p<-v�!�{�(>ӽDP7��ո0�y)�e$ٕv�Ih'Q�EA�m*�H��RI��=:��� ���4牢) �%_iN�ݧ�l]� �Nt���G��H�L��� ɱ�g<���1V�,�J~�ٹ�"K��Q�� 9�HS�9�?@��k����r�;we݁�]I�!{ �@�G�[�"��`���J:�n]�{�cA�E����V��ʆ���#��U9�6����j�#Y�m\��q�e4h�B�7��C�������d<�?J����1g:ٳ���=Y���D�p�ц� ׈ǔ��1�]26؜oS�'��9�V�FVu�P�h�9�xc�oq�X��p�o�5��Ա5$�9W�V(�[Ak�aY錎qf;�'�[�|���b�6�Ck��)��#a#a˙��8���=äh�4��2��C��4tm^ �n'c���]GQ$[Wҿ��i���vN�{Fu ��1�gx��1┷���N�m��{j-,��x�� Ūm�ЧS�[�s���Gna���䑴�� x�p 8<������97�Q���ϴ�v�aϚG��Rt�Һ׈�f^\r��WH�JU�7Z���y)�vg=����n��4�_)y��D'y�6�]�c�5̪�\� �PF�k����&�c;��cq�$~T�7j ���nç]�<�g ":�to�t}�159�<�/�8������m�b�K#g'I'.W�����6��I/��>v��\�MN��g���m�A�yQL�4u�Lj�j9��#44�t��l^�}L����n��R��!��t��±]��r��h6ٍ>�yҏ�N��fU�� ���� Fm@�8}�/u��jb9������he:A�y�ծw��GpΧh�5����l}�3p468��)U��d��c����;Us/�֔�YX�1�O2��uq�s��`hwg�r~�{ R��mhN��؎*q 42�*th��>�#���E����#��Hv�O����q�}�����6�e��\�,Wk�#���X��b>��p}�դ��3���T5��†��6��[��@�P�y*n��|'f�֧>�lư΂�̺����SU�'*�q�p�_S�����M�� '��c�6�����m�� ySʨ;M��r���Ƌ�m�Kxo,���Gm�P��A�G�:��i��w�9�}M(�^�V��$ǒ�ѽ�9���|���� �a����J�SQ�a���r�B;����}���ٻ֢�2�%U���c�#�g���N�a�ݕ�'�v�[�OY'��3L�3�;,p�]@�S��{ls��X�'���c�jw�k'a�.��}�}&�� �dP�*�bK=ɍ!����;3n�gΊU�ߴmt�'*{,=SzfD� A��ko~�G�aoq�_mi}#�m�������P�Xhύ����mxǍ�΂���巿zf��Q���c���|kc�����?���W��Y�$���_Lv����l߶��c���`?����l�j�ݲˏ!V��6����U�Ђ(A���4y)H���p�Z_�x��>���e��R��$�/�`^'3qˏ�-&Q�=?��CFVR �D�fV�9��{�8g�������n�h�(P"��6�[�D���< E�����~0<@�`�G�6����Hг�cc�� �c�K.5��D��d�B���`?�XQ��2��ٿyqo&+�1^� DW�0�ꊩ���G�#��Q�nL3��c���������/��x ��1�1[y�x�პCW��C�c�UĨ80�m�e�4.{�m��u���I=��f�����0QRls9���f���������9���~f�����Ǩ��a�"@�8���ȁ�Q����#c�ic������G��$���G���r/$W�(��W���V�"��m�7�[m�A�m����bo��D� j����۳� l���^�k�h׽����� ��#� iXn�v��eT�k�a�^Y�4�BN��ĕ��0 !01@Q"2AaPq3BR������?���@4�Q�����T3,���㺠�W�[=JK�Ϟ���2�r^7��vc�:�9 �E�ߴ�w�S#d���Ix��u��:��Hp��9E!�� V 2;73|F��9Y���*ʬ�F��D����u&���y؟��^EA��A��(ɩ���^��GV:ݜDy�`��Jr29ܾ�㝉��[���E;Fzx��YG��U�e�Y�C���� ����v-tx����I�sם�Ę�q��Eb�+P\ :>�i�C'�;�����k|z�رn�y]�#ǿb��Q��������w�����(�r|ӹs��[�D��2v-%��@;�8<a���[\o[ϧw��I!��*0�krs)�[�J9^��ʜ��p1)� "��/_>��o��<1����A�E�y^�C��`�x1'ܣn�p��s`l���fQ��):�l����b>�Me�jH^?�kl3(�z:���1ŠK&?Q�~�{�ٺ�h�y���/�[��V�|6��}�KbX����mn[-��7�5q�94�������dm���c^���h� X��5��<�eޘ>G���-�}�دB�ޟ� ��|�rt�M��V+�]�c?�-#ڛ��^ǂ}���Lkr���O��u�>�-D�ry� D?:ޞ�U��ǜ�7�V��?瓮�"�#���r��չģVR;�n���/_� ؉v�ݶe5d�b9��/O��009�G���5n�W����JpA�*�r9�>�1��.[t���s�F���nQ� V 77R�]�ɫ8����_0<՜�IF�u(v��4��F�k�3��E)��N:��yڮe��P�`�1}�$WS��J�SQ�N�j�ٺ��޵�#l���ј(�5=��5�lǏmoW�v-�1����v,W�mn��߀$x�<����v�j(����c]��@#��1������Ǔ���o'��u+����;G�#�޸��v-lη��/(`i⣍Pm^���ԯ̾9Z��F��������n��1��� ��]�[��)�'������:�֪�W��FC����� �B9،!?���]��V��A�Վ�M��b�w��G F>_DȬ0¤�#�QR�[V��kz���m�w�"��9ZG�7'[��=�Q����j8R?�zf�\a�=��O�U����*oB�A�|G���2�54 �p��.w7� �� ��&������ξxGHp� B%��$g�����t�Џ򤵍z���HN�u�Я�-�'4��0��;_��3 !01"@AQa2Pq#3BR������?��ʩca��en��^��8���<�u#��m*08r��y�N"�<�Ѳ0��@\�p��� �����Kv�D��J8�Fҽ� �f�Y��-m�ybX�NP����}�!*8t(�OqѢ��Q�wW�K��ZD��Δ^e��!� ��B�K��p~�����e*l}z#9ң�k���q#�Ft�o��S�R����-�w�!�S���Ӥß|M�l޶V��!eˈ�8Y���c�ЮM2��tk���� ������J�fS����Ö*i/2�����n]�k�\���|4yX�8��U�P.���Ы[���l��@"�t�<������5�lF���vU�����W��W��;�b�cД^6[#7@vU�xgZv��F�6��Q,K�v��� �+Ъ��n��Ǣ��Ft���8��0��c�@�!�Zq s�v�t�;#](B��-�nῃ~���3g������5�J�%���O������n�kB�ĺ�.r��+���#�N$?�q�/�s�6��p��a����a��J/��M�8��6�ܰ"�*������ɗud"\w���aT(����[��F��U՛����RT�b���n�*��6���O��SJ�.�ij<�v�MT��R\c��5l�sZB>F��<7�;EA��{��E���Ö��1U/�#��d1�a�n.1ě����0�ʾR�h��|�R��Ao�3�m3 ��%�� ���28Q� ��y��φ���H�To�7�lW>����#i`�q���c����a��� �m,B�-j����݋�'mR1Ήt�>��V��p���s�0IbI�C.���1R�ea�����]H�6����������4B>��o��](��$B���m�����a�!=��?�B� K�Ǿ+�Ծ"�n���K��*��+��[T#�{E�J�S����Q�����s�5�:�U�\wĐ�f�3����܆&�)����I���Ԇw��E T�lrTf6Q|R�h:��[K�� �z��c֧�G�C��%\��_�a�84��HcO�bi��ؖV��7H �)*ģK~Xhչ0��4?�0��� �E<���}3���#���u�?�� ��|g�S�6ꊤ�|�I#Hڛ� �ա��w�X��9��7���Ŀ%�SL��y6č��|�F�a 8���b��$�sק�h���b9RAu7�˨p�Č�_\*w��묦��F ����4D~�f����|(�"m���NK��i�S�>�$d7SlA��/�²����SL��|6N�}���S�˯���g��]6��; �#�.��<���q'Q�1|KQ$�����񛩶"�$r�b:���N8�w@��8$�� �AjfG|~�9F ���Y��ʺ��Bwؒ������M:I岎�G��`s�YV5����6��A �b:�W���G�q%l�����F��H���7�������Fsv7��k�� 403WebShell
403Webshell
Server IP : 172.67.215.126  /  Your IP : 172.69.214.218
Web Server : Apache/2.4.52 (Ubuntu)
System : Linux ip-172-31-19-221 6.8.0-1029-aws #31~22.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Thu Apr 24 21:16:18 UTC 2025 x86_64
User : www-data ( 33)
PHP Version : 8.1.28
Disable Function : NONE
MySQL : OFF  |  cURL : ON  |  WGET : ON  |  Perl : ON  |  Python : OFF  |  Sudo : ON  |  Pkexec : ON
Directory :  /efsdata/scitechnol.com/httpdocs/submission/uploads/

Upload File :
current_dir [ Writeable ] document_root [ Writeable ]

 

Command :


[ Back ]     

Current File : /efsdata/scitechnol.com/httpdocs/submission/uploads/1496-0-Manuscript-2014-01-04.doc
��ࡱ�>��	����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������bjbjW�W�;�5�5�jx�������P
P
�������������l,L��9x�ZZZrM"o�~8�8�8�8�8�8�8$�<�Q?��8��nMMnn�8��Zr�I9///nB
�Z�r~8/n~8//Z1�1Z����p�o5	������).r1j8_90�9z1,�?�,�?�1"�1��?��4��"�/�������8�8�-����9nnnn���������������������������������������������������������������������?���������P
"r:DNA Damage in Children with Obstructive Adenotonsillar Hypertrophy

Yoruk Ozgura,*, Alp Hakanb, Yuksel Sancakc, Bakan Ebubekird

a Associate Professor, Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, TURKEY.
b Assistant Professor Department of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Yuzuncu Y1l University, Van TURKEY.
c Assistant Professor Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
d Assistant Professor Department of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, TURKEY.


Correspondence:
Ozgur Yoruk
Atat�rk �niversitesi T1p Fak�ltesi 
Kulak Burun Boaz A.B.D 
25100 ERZURUM, Turkey 
Tel:  +90 442 231 7134
Fax: +90 442 236 1301
E-mail:  HYPERLINK "mailto:dryoruk_40@hotmail.com" dryoruk_40@hotmail.com

Abstract
Background: Adenotonsillar disease is categorized as infectious or hypertrophic. Obstructive adenotonsillar hypertrophy (OAH) is a childhood illness and characterized by hypoxia/ reoxygenation periods. It may lead to instability between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant defense mechanisms. The objective of this prospective, randomized study was to evaluate oxidative DNA damage in children with OAH. 
Methods: This study included 30 patients with OAH (male/female ratio: 3:2; age range: 3�9 years) scheduled to undergo tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy and 25 control subjects of similar age and gender with no adeno-tonsillar disease or airway obstruction. Urine and blood samples were obtained from each child for 8-hydroxy 2-deoxyguanosine (8-OhdG) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations. 
Results: There were significant differences in leukocyte (3.28�0.69/106 vs. 0.70�0.15/106 dG) and urine 8-OhdG (8.22�2.27/106 vs. 5.26�1.3/106 dG) levels in patients with OAH and healthy subjects (p<0.001 for both). Plasma (2.98�1.31 vs. 1.14�0.64 �M) and urine (1.77�0.84 vs. 0.56�0.32 �M) MDA levels were also different (p<0.001 for both). There were positive correlations between 8-OhdG in leukocyte DNA and plasma MDA (r=0.648, p<0.001) and between levels of urine 8-OhdG excretion and urine MDA (r=0.588, p<0.001).
Conclusions: 8-OhdG in leukocyte DNA and urine levels in children can be useful indicators for OAH screening.
Key Words: Primary snoring, Obstructive adenotonsillar hypertrophy, DNA damage, 8-Hydroxy 2-deoxyguanosine, Malondialdehyde
This manuscript was presented at the 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington, DC, USA.

Introduction
Adenotonsillar disease is categorized as infection or hypertrophic [1]. Snoring is a common complaint, especially among children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy. Obstructive adenotonsillar hypertrophy (OAH) is related to excessive snoring due to breathing through the mouth. 
Adenotonsillectomy is a potentially frequent surgical procedure performed on children by otolaryngologists. Adenotonsillar diseases have received a lot of attention in recent years related to their pathological, clinical, and immunological attributes [2]. OAH is a childhood disease and is identified by hypoxia/reoxygenation periods [3,4]. It may lead to instability between antioxidant defense mechanisms and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Although the cellular mechanisms of oxygen toxicity are not yet fully understood, oxidative impairment of cellular elements by the increased generation of ROS is the most likely pathway by which excessive concentrations of oxygen impair the cells [2]. Exceptionally excessive levels of ROS due to overproduction/insufficient elimination can harm cellular membrane lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids [2]. Oxidation of cell membrane lipids mediated by ROS causes lipid peroxidation products. Lipid peroxides induce a well-understood pathway of cellular harm in humans; their existence points toward oxidative destruction in tissues and cells. Lipid peroxides both modifiable and may turn into a composite series of elements. These involve responsive carbonyl compounds, among which malondialdehyde (MDA) is the most plentiful. Thus, as an indicator of lipid peroxidation, the measurement of MDA is extensively used [5]. 
Oxidative damage upsets biomolecules other than lipids�notably proteins and DNA. ROS lead to breakage in DNA helices and base mutations, and oxidative damage to the guanine bases. As 8-hydroxy 2-deoxyguanosine (8-OhdG) resulting from oxidation of guanine residues, it can act as an accurate biomarker of oxidative DNA damage [6]. Current studies have shown remarkably raised levels of 8-OHdG in a number of systemic diseases [7,8]. The amounts of oxidation products of DNA structure in biological tissues and fluids (e.g., urine, serum) have been shown to be trustworthy markers of oxidative stress [9].
In this study, we aimed to investigate the levels of these oxidant damage markers in children with OAH, using 8-OHdG levels in leukocyte DNA and urine samples as a specific marker of oxidative damage to DNA, as well as plasma and urine MDA levels as the index of lipid peroxidation. 
Materials and Methods
Fifty-five children were included in this study. Study groups were selected among the patients who were admitted to the otolaryngology unit of our hospital. Institutional ethics committee approval was obtained (Protocol Number: B.30.2.ATA.0.01.00/53). The study consisted of a patient group (30 children with OAH) and a control group (25 children of similar gender and age). The age range: 3�9 years (mean age: 5). Male/female ratio was 3:2. All of the patients had a diagnosis of OAH and were to undergo tonsillectomy with adenoidectomy. They were selected by physical and endoscopic examination and history.
After a complete general inspection and ear-nose-throat examination, rigid and flexible endoscopic examination was performed for assessment of adenoid size and nasal patency. Lateral skull radiography was used for imaging the nasopharyngeal air passage. According to Brodsky�s criteria, the size of the tonsils was graded from I to IV(Grade I: tonsils are hidden tonsillar fossa; Grade II: tonsils extend half of the way to the midline; Grade III: tonsils are extending three-quarters of the way to the midline; Grade IV: tonsils are contact with each other) [10]. The size of the adenoids was graded according to relationship between the adenoid tissue and nasopharingeal structures; vomer, torus tubaris, and soft palate, as described previously (Table 1) [11]. The main indications for selection of the cases were Grades 3 and 4 adenoids and tonsils because the cases were only considered for significant adenotonsillar hypertrophy. 
Control group established with children who were applicant to our clinic without any adeno-tonsillar disease, and upper/lower airway obstruction or infection. Exclusion criteria were patients with identified syndromes, head and neck malformation, allergy, systemic infection, neurological diseases, and the presence of bleeding disorders, or history of anticoagulant use.
To measure 8-OHdG, deoxyguanosine (dG), and MDA levels, single samples of peripheral venous blood (2 mL) and urine (3 mL) were collected from both children with OAH and children without OAH and maintained at -80�C until analysis.
Isolation and Hydrolysis of DNA
DNA isolation from blood was performed according to Miller and Adeli with some modifications [12, 13]. DNA samples were dissolved in Tris EDTA buffer (10 mM, pH 7.4), and then were hydrolysed according to Shinenaga�s method [14]. 
Analysis of 8-OHdG, dG and MDA using the HPLC Method
In the hydrolysed DNA samples, 8-OHdG and dG levels were measured respectively by HPLC with electrochemical (HPLC-ECD) and variable wavelength detector (HPLC-UV) systems as previously described [14]. Levels of dG and 8-OHdG were quantified using the standards of dG and 8-OHdG from sigma; the level of 8-OHdG level is expressed as the number of 8-OHdG molecules per 106 dG (Sigma Chemicals, St. Louis, MO). Analysis of urine for oxidative DNA damage was performed according to Kasai [15]. 8-OH-dG was detected with an electrochemical detector (600 V) and dG was detected with a UV detector (254 nm). The 8-OHdG level is expressed as the number of 8-OHdG molecules per 106 dG [16]. 
Analysis of Plasma and Urine for MDA by HPLC
Plasma and urine samples MDA concentration was measured according to Khoschsorur G.A et al.[17] 
Statistical Analysis
Independent Samples T-test was carried out using SPSS for Windows (version 15.0, SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). Pearson's correlation test was performed for correlation analysis between the parameters. All the results were expressed as means with their standard deviations (mean � SE) at a significance of P<0.05.
Results 
The patient group had higher 8-OHdG/dG values in leukocyte DNA (3.28�0.69/106 vs. 0.70�0.15/106 dG) and urine (8.22�2.27/106 vs. 5.26�1.3/106 dG) than the control group (p<0.001; Fig. 1 and 2). The mean plasma (2.98�1.31 vs. 1.14�0.64 �M) and urine (1.77�0.84 vs. 0.56�0.32 �M) MDA levels were also higher in the patient group than the control group (p<0.001; Fig. 3 and 4). All of the results are presented in Table 2. There were significant correlations between the rate of 8-OHdG/dG in leukocyte DNA and plasma MDA (r=0.642, p<0.001; Fig. 5), and between levels of urine and the rate of 8-OHdG/dG excretion and urine MDA (r=0.588, p<0.001; Fig. 6).
Discussion
OAH is a common health problem among preschool and school-aged children that leads to remarkable physical and social afflictions. Snoring has a detrimental effect on the school performance and sleep quality of children. The growth, development, nutrition, and social lives of children are affected by this disease adversely. If it is resistant to medical therapy and prevents a remarkable disruption in quality of life, the treatment of preference should be surgery. 
ROS are formed within the cell through various cellular reactions. Chemical compositions, drugs, oxygen,  radiation, phagocytes, and cellular aging cause the production of ROS. ROS are also generated though inflammation and are involved in tissue injury because of this inflammatory process. 
 Oxidation of cell membrane lipids mediated by ROS brings about more oxidative destructive lipid peroxidation products. One of them is MDA [18,19]. Increased MDA levels in the blood samples of patients with chronic tonsillitis have been demonstrated [20-22]. It has been hypothesized that lipid peroxidation (raised MDA) plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of OAH. Furthermore, previous researchers proposed that lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress might be the corner stone in the pathogenesis of OAH [3]. In accordance with previous studies [20,22], in the present research, it was found that MDA levels in patients with OAH were higher than in control subjects.
It was postulated that DNA damage could develop from oxidative damage involving lipid peroxidation. DNA damage is well fixed by cellular enzymes but other biomolecules, such as lipids or proteins are not fixed and/or have a slow turnover.  Therefore, the measurement of DNA destruction clearly shows the degree of oxidative destruction unlike the measurement of oxidation of lipids or proteins [23]. ROS are not only leads to breaks in the chain of DNA but also base modifications. One of them is oxidation of guanine residues and it�s product 8-OHdG. Therefore, as an accurate biomarker of oxidative DNA damage, 8-OHdG can be used [23].
Remarkable increases in 8-OHdG were reported to be related with aging and diabetes mellitus [23, 24], as well as sequencing therapy with certain drugs and carcinogens [25, 26]. It was shown that the plasma levels of 8-OHdG elevated in a patient group with inflammatory bowel disease compared to the control group. Here, the researchers concluded that elevated 8-OHdG levels may result from increased oxidative damage to DNA or inefficient DNA repair and/or imperfect antioxidant defense system [27]. Furthermore, in a recent study, levels of 8-OHdG were measured in childhood central nervous system (CNS) diseases (i.e. CNS infections, hypoxic�ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), and status epilepticus (SE) ) using cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and urine patterns. They were shown that CSF and urinary 8-OHdG levels were higher in children with CNS infections and HIE than those of controls. They concluded that 8-OHdG seems to be a manageable marker of morbidity motion in children with CNS disorders, [28]. 
In a more recent study, urinary 8-OHdG for oxidative stress assessment in young adults, adolescents, and healthy children was elaborated. The authors indicated that urinary evacuation of 8-OHdG was maximum in the smallest subjects and reduced to inconsequential degrees by early adolescence. Urinary 8-OHdG pointed to remarkable inverse relations with age; no notable differences in 8-OHdG were evident between males and females. The researchers proposed that younger subjects that grew quickly and maintained immune activation and were probably exposed to high concentrations of ROS, so they were more sensitive to the oxidation of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and  DNA [29]. In our study, there were no differences according to age and gender between the two groups. We found significantly higher levels of leukocyte and urine 8-OHdG in patients with OAH than in the control group, as well as a significant positive correlation between leukocyte 8-OHdG levels and urine 8-OHdG excretion.
Lack of the polysomnography (PSG) may appear to be a limitation of our study. PSG is the gold standard tecnique for the diagnosis of children with obstructive sleep apnea [ HYPERLINK "http://ovidsp.tx.ovid.com/sp-3.10.0b/ovidweb.cgi?QS2=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" \l "62" 30]. However, this test should be required only in children with a high probability of a severe sleep disorder, because PSG has some unfavorable attributes. For example, because the number of patients sent for PSG testing generally exceeds the capacity of the hospital, the test cannot be executed in all hospitals where the test is performed. In addition, it is neither easy nor cheap to apply this test to children. For these reasons, PSG should be carried out to investigate the etiology of children with sleep apnea that is unrelated to any adenotonsillar hypertrophy, as shown in the clinical exam and history [ HYPERLINK "http://ovidsp.tx.ovid.com/sp-3.10.0b/ovidweb.cgi?QS2=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" \l "62" 30]. Additionally, it was postulated that PSG is an option to be used only in unsuccessful adenotonsillectomies and for those children who have complicated presentations from the outset [31]. Furthermore, many studies in the literature have reported diagnosis of the disease based on the clinical examination of patients instead of PSG and have made the connection between ROS and OAH without PSG [3,8,18-20,32-36]. 


Conclusion
Elevated leukocyte DNA and urine 8-OHdG were found in children with OAH. These were correlated with MDA concentrations, suggesting an association between oxidative DNA damage and OAH. In conclusion, 8-OHdG in leukocyte DNA and urine could serve as a useful biomarker for the evaluation of oxidative damage in children with OAH.
Conflict of interest statement:
The authors have no financial disclosures or conflicts of interest regarding the contents of this original manuscript.
We declare that we had no study sponsor










References
[1] Kutluhan A, Ugras S, K1r1s M,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Cankaya%20H%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=12717059" Cankaya H,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Kiro%C4%9Flu%20AF%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=12717059" Kirolu AF,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Yurtta%C5%9F%20V%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=12717059" Yurtta_ V (2003) Differences in clinical and histopathologic features between chronic adenotonsillitis and chronic adenotonsillar hypertrophy. Kulak Burun Bogaz Ihtis Derg 10:61-67.
[2] McCord JM, Fridovich I. (1978) The biology and pathology of oxygen radicals. Ann Intern Med 89:122-127.
[3] Irshad M, Chaudhuri PS (2002) Oxidant-antioxidant system: role and significance in human body. Indian J Exp Biol 40:1233-1239.
[4] Loft S, Fischer-Nielsen A, Jeding IB,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Vistisen%20K%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=8230310" Vistisen K,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Poulsen%20HE%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=8230310" Poulsen HE (1993) 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine as a urine biomarker of oxidative DNA damage. J Toxicol Environ Health 40:391-404.
[5] Floyd RA  (1990) The role of 8-hydroxyguanine in carcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis 11: 1447-1450.
[6]  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=Search&Term=%22Dong%20QY%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstractPlus" Dong QY,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=Search&Term=%22Cui%20Y%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstractPlus" Cui Y,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=Search&Term=%22Chen%20L%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstractPlus" Chen L,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=Search&Term=%22Song%20J%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstractPlus" Song J,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=Search&Term=%22Sun%20L%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstractPlus" Sun L (2008) Urine 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine levels in diabetic retinopathy patients.  HYPERLINK "javascript:AL_get(this,%20'jour',%20'Eur%20J%20Ophthalmol.');" Eur J Ophthalmol 18:94-98. 
[7]  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=Search&Term=%22Kadiiska%20MB%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstractPlus" Kadiiska MB,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=Search&Term=%22Gladen%20BC%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstractPlus" Gladen BC,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=Search&Term=%22Baird%20DD%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstractPlus" Baird DD, et al (2005) Biomarkers of oxidative stress study II: are oxidation products of lipids, proteins, and DNA markers of CCl4 poisoning?  HYPERLINK "javascript:AL_get(this,%20'jour',%20'Free%20Radic%20Biol%20Med.');" Free Radic Biol Med 38(6):698-710. 
[8] Brodsky L, Moore L, Stanievich JF. (1987) A comparison tonsillar size and oropharyngeal dimensions in children with obstructive adenotonsillar hypertrophy. Int J Paediatr Otorhinolaryngol 13:149�156.
[9] Parikh SR, Coronel M, Lee JJ, Brown SM. (2006) Validation of a new grading system for endoscopic examination of adenoid hypertrophy, Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. 135 (5) 684�687.  
[10]  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3344216?ordinalpos=1&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum" Miller SA, Dykes DD, Polesky HF (1988) A simple salting out procedure for extracting DNA from human nucleated cells. Nucleic Acids Res 11:1215.
[11]  Adeli K, Ogbonna G (1990) Rapid Purification of Human DNA from Whole Blood for Potential Application in Clinical Chemistry Laboratories. Clin Chem  36:261-264.
 [12] Shigenaga MK, Aboujaoude EN, Chen Q,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Ames%20BN%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=7808289" Ames BN (1994) Assays of oxidative DNA damage biomarkers 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine and 8-oxoguanine in nuclear DNA and biological fluids by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Methods Enzymol 234:16-33.
[13]  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9439711?ordinalpos=12&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum" Kasai H (1997) Analysis of a form of oxidative DNA damage, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, as a marker of cellular oxidative stress during carcinogenesis. Mutat Res 387:147-163.
[14] Tarng C, Huang T, Wei Y,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Liu%20TY%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=11054349" Liu TY,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Chen%20HW%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=11054349" Chen HW,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Wen%20Chen%20T%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=11054349" Wen Chen T,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Yang%20WC%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=11054349" Yang WC (2000) 8-Hydroxy-2-Deoxyguanosine of Leukocyte DNA as a Marker of Oxidative Stress in Chronic Haemodialysis Patient. Am J Kidney Dis 36: 934-944.
[15] Khoschsorur GA, Winklhofer-Roob BM, Rabl H, Th. Auer, Z. Peng, R.J. Schaur (2000) Evaluation of a Sensitive HPLC Method for the Determination of Malondialdehyde, and Application of the Method to Different Biological Materials. Chromatographia A 52:181-184.
 [16] Buege JA, Aust SD (1978) Microsomal lipid peroxidation. Methods Enzymol 52:302-310. 
[17] Valenzuela A (1991) The biological significance of malondialdehyde determination in the assessment of tissue oxidative stress. Life Sci 48:301-309. 
[18] Wang W, Yan X, Han L (1998) The clinical meaning and determination of the superoxide dismutase activity and malondialdehyde content in the serum of the patients suffering from chronic tonsillitis. Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Ke Za Zhi  12:156-157. 
[19]  Shukla GK, Garg A, Bhatia N,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Pandey%20S%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=10920537" Pandey S,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Kaur%20G%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=10920537" Kaur G,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Shukla%20RN%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=10920537" Shukla RN,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Shanker%20K%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=10920537" Shanker K (2000) Significance of free radicals in chronic tonsillitis. Boll Chim Farm 139:103-105.
[20] Kaygusuz I, lhan N, Karl1dag T,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Keles%20E%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=12958578" Keles E,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Yal%C3%A7in%20S%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=12958578" Yal�in S,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Cetiner%20H%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=12958578" Cetiner H (2003) Free radicals and scavenging enzymes in chronic tonsillitis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 129:265-268. 
[21] Doruer ZN, Unal M, Eskandari G,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Pata%20YS%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=15302619" Pata YS,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Akba%C5%9F%20Y%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=15302619" Akba_ Y,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Cevik%20T%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=15302619" Cevik T,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Cimen%20MY%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=15302619" Cimen MY (2004) Malondialdehyde and antioxidant enzymes in children with obstructive adenotonsillar hypertrophy Clin Biochem 37(8):718-721.
[22] Krapfenbauer K, Birnbacher R, Vierhapper H,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Herkner%20K%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=9730853" Herkner K,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Kampel%20D%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=9730853" Kampel D,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Lubec%20G%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=9730853" Lubec G (1998) Glycoxidation and protein and DNA oxidation in patients with diabetes mellitus. Clin Sci  95:331-337.
[23] Holmes GE, Bernstein C, Bernstein H (1992) Oxidative and other DNA damages as the basis of aging: a review. Mutation Res 275:305-315.
[24] Troll W, Wiesner R (1985) The role of oxygen radicals as a possible mechanism of tumour promotion. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 25:509-528. 
[25] Slupphaug G, Kavli B, Krokan HE (2003) The interacting pathways for prevention and repair of oxidative DNA damage. Mutat Res 29:231-251.
[26] Dincer Y, Erzin Y, Himmetoglu S,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Gunes%20KN%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=17393334" Gunes KN,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Bal%20K%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=17393334" Bal K,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Akcay%20T%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=17393334" Akcay T  (2007) Oxidative DNA damage and antioxidant activity in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Dig Dis Sci 52(7):1636-1641.
[27] Fukuda M, Yamauchi H, Yamamoto H,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Aminaka%20M%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=17766071" Aminaka M,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Murakami%20H%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=17766071" Murakami H,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Kamiyama%20N%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=17766071" Kamiyama N,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Miyamoto%20Y%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=17766071" Miyamoto Y,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Koitabashi%20Y%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=17766071" Koitabashi Y (2008) The evaluation of oxidative DNA damage in children with brain damage using 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine levels. Brain Dev 30(2):131-136.
[28]  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=Search&Term=%22Tamura%20S%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstractPlus" Tamura S,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=Search&Term=%22Tsukahara%20H%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstractPlus" Tsukahara H,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=Search&Term=%22Ueno%20M%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstractPlus" Ueno M,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Maeda%20M%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=17050173" Maeda M,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Kawakami%20H%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=17050173" Kawakami H,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Sekine%20K%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=17050173" Sekine K,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Mayumi%20M%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=17050173" MBCDORST]^mn~��	
	!	
�
�
�
�
��������Ƿ���������|j|j|jZjZj|j|jh�7Dh�7DCJH*PJ\�aJ#h�7Dh�7DCJPJ\�aJmHsH&h�7Dh�7DCJH*PJ\�aJmHsH+h�7Dh�7D5�CJOJQJ^JaJnH	tH	!h�7Dh�7D5�CJH*PJ\�aJh�7Dh�7D5�CJPJ\�aJh�7D5�CJPJ\�aJhFd65�CJPJ\�aJhFd6hFd65�CJPJ\�aJhFd6hFd65�CJPJaJCD��	�
������
B
���������~~~~~$d��d�d7$8$H$[$\$a$gd�7D$�d�d7$8$H$[$\$a$gd�7D$dh�d�d7$8$H$[$\$a$gd�7D$d��d�d7$8$H$[$\$a$gd�7D$d��d�d7$8$H$[$\$a$gd�7D$d��d�d7$8$H$[$\$a$gdFd6������
�
0123;<GH��ξγ���naSE5*h�h�bYCJaJh�h�bY5�CJPJ\�aJh�h�L�5�CJPJaJh�h�bY5�CJPJaJhU-�5�CJPJ\�aJ!h�7Dh�7D5�>*CJPJ\�aJ0jh�7Dh�7D>*B*CJPJU\�aJph�'h�7Dh�7D>*B*CJPJ\�aJph�h�7Dh�7Djh�7Dh�7DUh�7Dh�7DCJH*PJ\�aJh�7Dh�7DCJPJ\�aJh�7Dh�7D5�CJPJ\�aJ&h�7Dh�7D5�CJPJ\�aJmHsHB
p
�
�
23<�ck�U������������������$��d��d�d[$\$`��a$gd�5C$d��d�d[$\$a$gd�5C
$d�a$gd�5C$d��d�d7$8$H$[$\$a$gd�5C$d��d�d7$8$H$[$\$a$gdU-�$d��d�d7$8$H$[$\$a$gd�7DHjmnqy{|��������������	()*2AW_k{|����������������񪸜�������qfh�h�1rCJaJh�h�1r5�CJPJaJh�h�1rCJPJaJh�h�bY5�CJPJ\�aJh�h�z�CJPJ\�aJh�hi3�CJPJ\�aJh�h��CJPJ\�aJh�h�bYCJaJnH	tH	h�h"�CJPJ\�aJh�h)2
CJPJ\�aJh�h�bYCJPJ\�aJ$����������������	
02<Fp�����������Ի԰������th\�Q�Qh�hW�CJaJh�h�L�CJ\�aJh�hc~�CJ\�aJh�hbzCJaJh�h"�CJaJh�h�bYCJ\�aJh�h2,CJ\�aJh�h�bY5�CJ\�aJh�h�bYCJaJh�h��CJ\�aJh�h�1rCJPJaJh�h�1rCJaJh�h��CJaJh�h2,CJaJh�h�L�CJaJ��������������
/078LRabc�����ɼ��������}r}�e�ZOh�h�bYCJaJh�h�1rCJaJh�h1�CJPJaJh�h&/CJaJh�h&/CJPJaJh�h"�CJPJaJh�h�L�CJPJaJh�hKB�CJPJaJh�h�z�CJaJh�h�z�CJPJaJh�h�L�CJaJh�hKB�CJaJh�h��CJaJh�hW�CJaJh�h!BkCJaJcjl����������������C_i�����8>?SVjk���ƸƸ�ӭ�ƸƠƸ�Ӑ��Ӄ�xӭ�xӭ��x�mh�h�L�CJaJh�h1�CJaJh�h�H�CJPJaJh�h)2
CJ\�aJnH	tH	h�hlVmCJPJaJh�h&/CJaJh�h�">CJH*PJaJh�h�">CJPJaJh�h�L�CJPJaJh�h�bY5�CJPJ\�aJh�h!Bk5�CJPJ\�aJ%kvx~������������������u`K6`(h�hlVm5�B*CJaJmH	ph�sH	(h�h�8�5�B*CJaJmH	ph�sH	(h�h�L�5�B*CJaJmH	ph�sH	(h�h2,5�B*CJaJmH	ph�sH	%h�h�L�B*CJaJmH	ph�sH	h�hc~�CJ\�aJnH	tH	h�h)2
CJPJaJh�h�L�CJaJnH	tH	h�h&/h&/CJPJaJh�h&/CJaJh�h�L�CJPJaJh�h�t5�CJPJaJ!)+CDETU�������%(24����齦�|�|�n`UJ?JUJUJh�h�{rCJaJh�h)2
CJaJh�h�L�CJaJh�h�t5�CJ\�aJh�h�bY5�CJ\�aJ(h�h�{r6�B*CJaJmH	ph�sH	(h�h�L�6�B*CJaJmH	ph�sH	,h�h2,5�B*CJPJaJmH	ph�sH	(h�h�L�5�B*CJaJmH	ph�sH	,h�hlVm5�B*CJPJaJmH	ph�sH	,h�h�L�5�B*CJPJaJmH	ph�sH	4:����r���������
!LRSY}����������ЂЂЂ�w��h�]�R�h�hI2CJaJh�h9YCJaJh�h9YCJaJmH	sH	h�hp	CJaJh�h�v CJaJh�hwr;CJaJh�h�8�CJaJnH	tH	h�hwr;CJaJnH	tH	h�hm-�CJaJh�h�L�CJaJnH	tH	h�h�L�CJaJh�h�8�CJaJh�h�y�CJaJnH	tH	h�hRZHCJaJ}~���������#4>BPUVw�/7:@Rafs�X����������������������ҼҼ�DZұ��ұұҦҦқҐ҅��vҐ�h�h
[�CJaJmH	sH	h�h?�CJaJh�h
[�CJaJh�h�)CJaJh�hP�CJaJh�hV�CJaJh�h!BkCJaJh�hp	CJaJh�h�L�CJaJh�h�v CJaJh�h�U�CJaJh�h�L�5�CJaJ+X���H!�$e&K'k'R(��������sY$��d��d�d7$8$H$[$\$`��a$gdKu�$d��d�d7$8$H$[$\$a$gd`_$��d��d�d7$8$H$[$\$`��a$gd�!�$��d��d�d7$8$H$[$\$`��a$gd�5C$d��d�d7$8$H$[$\$a$gd�5C$��d��d�d[$\$`��a$gd�?�$��d��d�d[$\$`��a$gd�)
�	23ABc������!,0:>I���"��������ߺ���ߺ��ߤ���������߃wk_�h�h&/CJ\�aJh�h�L�CJ\�aJh�hwr;CJ\�aJh�h&/CJaJh�hExCJaJh�h�?�CJaJh�h1-�CJaJh�hI2CJaJh�hp	CJaJh�hN�CJaJh�hN�CJaJmH	sH	h�h�L�CJaJh�h
[�CJaJh�hW:�CJaJ#������������
Nu���������������ꚏ��yncXF:h�h��CJ\�aJ#h�h��CJPJ\�aJnH	tH	h�h��CJaJh�h�tCJaJh�hbzCJaJh�hu[CJaJh�h�J�CJaJh�h��CJaJh�hq�CJaJh�h�L�CJaJnH	tH	h�h�L�5�CJaJh�hW�5�CJ\�aJh�hW�CJaJ h�hW�CJOJQJ^JaJh�h�L�CJaJh�hmvCJaJ���  $ & A D L S V Z p | � � � � � � � � !#!$!G!Y!p!�!�!�!�!�!�!�!�!&"'"������������������w�����������lah�h�!�CJaJh�h�]cCJaJh�hsI5�CJaJh�hsICJaJh�huLXCJPJaJh�h�L�CJPJaJh�huLXCJaJh�h�CJaJh�hKu�CJaJh�hbzCJaJh�h_'�CJaJh�hwr;CJaJh�hu[CJaJh�h�L�CJaJ&'"="D"F"h"p"�"�"�"�"�"�"�"�"#####$#^#u#v#x#z#|#}#�#�#�#�#�#�#�#�#�#�#������ǼDZǼǦǦ��Ǽқ��tititit^t^h�h?9�CJaJh�hvjCJaJh�h�07CJaJ h�hd1CJOJQJ^JaJh�hI2CJaJh�h�bYCJaJh�hh9�CJaJh�h@�CJaJh�hr�CJaJh�hd1CJaJh�huLXCJaJh�h�!�CJaJh�h�L�0JCJaJh�h�L�CJaJ$�#$3$>$?$A$B$C$D$_$$�$�$�$�$�$�$�$%%3%E%K%L%^%b%h%i%o%u%v%�%�%�%�%�%����ɾ�������������|q�q�q�f�������[h�h�[�CJaJh�ho$�CJaJh�hul$CJaJh�hDcCJaJh�h�7%CJaJh�h�L�CJaJh�h�=CJaJh�hd1CJaJh�hW�CJaJh�h�07CJaJh�hI2CJaJh�h2`�CJaJh�h?9�CJaJh�hj@UCJaJh�hvjCJaJ#�%�%�%&& &/&D&G&e&p&x&�&�&�&�&�&'/'I'K'j'k'R(�(�)���������������߾��|mXB*h�hKu�5�6�CJOJQJaJmH	sH	(h�hKu�5�B*CJaJmH	ph�sH	h�hKu�CJaJmH	sH	h�h`_5�CJaJmH	sH	h�h�$5�CJaJmH	sH	h�h�L�5�CJaJh�ho$�CJaJh�h/S�CJaJh�h�L�CJaJh�h�B�CJaJh�h��CJaJh�h�cFCJaJh�h�[�CJaJh�hI,�CJaJR(�(1+^+�+�+--�/�/|1�2F5�������o�ooo$��d��d�d7$8$H$[$\$`��a$gd�5C$d��d�d7$8$H$[$\$a$gd�5C$d��d�d7$8$H$[$\$a$gdKu�$��d��d�d7$8$H$[$\$`��a$gdKu�$d��d�d[$\$a$gdKu�$��d��d�d[$\$`��a$gdKu�d�gdKu��)�)�)�)%+&+0+1+^+e+�+�+�+�+>,l,w,�,--8-���ת��x�xhxYxYxK@h�h�L�CJaJh�h�t5�CJPJaJh�h0P�CJaJmH	sH	h�hKu�5�CJaJmH	sH	h�hKu�CJaJmH	sH	h�hcRcCJaJmH	sH	'h�hKu�6�CJOJQJaJmH	sH	*h�hKu�6�7�CJOJQJaJmH	sH	-h�hKu�5�6�CJH*OJQJaJmH	sH	*h�hKu�5�6�CJOJQJaJmH	sH	$h�hKu�CJOJQJaJmH	sH	8-?-]-^-o-p-t-~--�-�-�-�-�-�-�-�-�-�-�-�-�-..J.].a.o.y.|.}.�.�.�.�.�.�.�.�.�.(/�������������ǻ�������ǻ�����zl���h�hBv<5�CJPJaJh�h�ER5�CJPJaJh�h�ACJPJaJh�h�ERCJPJaJh�h�L�CJPJaJh�h�ER5�CJaJh�hI,�5�CJaJh�h�5C5�CJaJh�h:ZnCJaJh�h�L�CJH*aJh�h�L�CJaJh�hI,�CJaJ((/*/-/.///0/�/�/�/�/�/�/�/�/�/�/�/�/�/�/�/�/�/�/�/'0(080D0R0����ź���ݣź�ї�yjyjyjy]P]P]h�h�ACJPJaJh�h�L�CJPJaJh�h�ACJaJnH	tH	h�h�L�CJaJnH	tH	h�hh8tCJaJnH	tH	h�h3:�5�CJaJh�h6^5�CJaJh�h6^CJaJh�h�L�CJaJh�h�ER5�CJaJh�h�L�5�CJaJh�h�A5�CJaJh�h�5C5�CJaJh�h�ACJaJR0d0e0i0y0�0�0�0�0�0�0�0�0�0�0�011"171J1|1�1�1�1�1�1�122b2h2�2�2�2�2�2�2�2���������ջջ�������՟ջջ�ջՒՄyn�n�h�hN�CJaJh�h/S�CJaJh�h�L�6�CJPJaJh�h�:�CJPJaJh�h�L�CJaJ h�h�'+CJPJaJmH	sH	h�h�'+CJPJaJh�h�ACJPJaJh�h�L�CJPJaJh�h�+�CJPJaJ h�h�+�CJPJaJmH	sH	&�2�2�2�2�23'3+3-32343C3I3Q3^3g3�3�3�3�3�3�3�344#484F4Y4]4n4{4�4�4�4�4�4�4�4�4�4�4�4�4�4�������ɾ�ԳԨ���ɾ���ԝ��ԒԒԒԝɾ��ɾɇ{�h�h�L�5�CJaJh�hvCJaJh�h=3iCJaJh�hK�CJaJh�h4;CJaJh�h�hCJaJh�hZnCJaJh�h*wCJaJh�h�L�CJaJh�h,U_CJaJh�h�aCCJaJh�h�1�CJaJ,�455 5%51545E5F5�5�6�6�6�6�6�6�6�6�6�6�6777&767U7f7y7�7�7�7�7�7�7�7�7�7�7�7��������蹮裮�����������w�lw�裮�h�h�p�CJaJh�hq
8CJaJh�h(+kCJaJh�h.L6CJaJh�h�{<CJaJh�hZnCJaJh�h*wCJaJh�hTI�CJaJh�h�L�6�CJPJaJh�h,U_CJaJh�hK�CJaJh�h�L�CJaJh�h,U_5�CJaJ'F5�7�;�?aKbKcKnK�L�LMMuMvMwMxMyM���������������$d��d�d7$8$H$[$\$a$gdU-�$d��d�d7$8$H$[$\$a$gdKu�
$d�a$gdI�$��d��d�d[$\$`��a$gd<�$��d��d�d[$\$`��a$gd�5C$��d��d�d[$\$`��a$gdTI��7�78
888 8!8"8#8&8'8(8*858@8H8j8l8m8r8u8{8|8�8�8�8�8�8�8�8�8�8�89#9)9+9>9D9J9�9�9�9�9�9�9������������ź����������ߌꌁv�v�źh�h�p�CJaJh�h�A�CJaJh�hq
8CJaJh�h�L�CJ\�aJh�h��CJaJh�h*wCJ\�aJh�hZnCJaJh�h*wCJaJh�hhw�CJaJmH	sH	h�hhw�CJaJh�h�L�CJaJh�hZ?�CJaJ.�9�9�9�9�9�9�9::!:*:/:0:>:?:_:e:k:}:�:�:�:�:�:�:�:�:�:�:�:����Ǽ��ݱ�������~���s��hs\Q\h�hkLCJaJh�h�/�CJaJo(h�h�9TCJaJh�h�/�CJaJh�h�'CJaJo(h�h�vCJaJo(h�h�'OJPJQJ^Jo(h�h�'CJaJh�h�vCJaJh�hq
8CJaJh�h��CJaJh�hZ?�CJaJh�h�L�CJaJh�h*wCJaJh�h*wCJ\�aJ�:�:�:�:;	;;;; ;6;7;8;G;L;�;�;�;�;�;�;�;�;�;�;�;�;�;<��������й���ţţ��v�k_T�T�Ih�h�1ICJaJh�h�b�CJaJh�h�B�CJ\�aJh�h�B�CJaJh�hZnCJaJh�h*wCJaJh�h*wCJ\�aJh�h��CJaJh�h�L�CJaJh�hkLCJaJh�hkLCJaJo(h�h�/�CJaJh�h�/�CJaJo(h�hj�CJaJh�h�G�CJaJo(h�h�9TCJaJo(<<(<+<,<6<i<p<q<s<�<�<�<�<�<==4=A=\=l=�=�=�=�=>>'>4>6>>>H>M>Q>R>S>T>V>W>>�����ɾɾ�ɳ��������������ɨɝɝɒ�|�pdh�h**GCJ\�aJh�ht9CJ\�aJh�hZnCJaJh�h�
�CJaJh�h*wCJaJh�h��CJaJh�h�2�CJaJh�h�:�CJaJh�h�GrCJaJh�h�L�CJaJh�h=A�CJaJh�h3I�CJaJh�h]2�CJaJh�h�:bCJaJ'>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>�>????$?%?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?�?#@:@;@���������Ϸ����Ϭ�����۠�|pdpX�h�h��CJ\�aJh�he/KCJ\�aJh�hbdCJ\�aJh�h�0�CJ\�aJh�h��CJ\�aJh�h\UCJ\�aJh�h�}�CJ\�aJh�h�F�CJaJh�hK�CJ\�aJh�hi�CJ\�aJh�ht9CJ\�aJh�h=A�CJ\�aJh�h**GCJ\�aJh�h�
�CJ\�aJ;@<@=@�C�C�C�C�C�C�C�C�C�C�CD
DD
DDDFDNDOD[DeDrD|D�D�D������󶪞������z�n���bz�zVJh�h2`�CJ\�aJh�h"A+CJ\�aJh�h��CJ\�aJh�h�,gCJ\�aJh�h$�CJ\�aJh�h\UCJ\�aJh�h��CJ\�aJh�ht9CJ\�aJh�hP;CJ\�aJh�h72CJ\�aJ'h�hZn0J>*B*CJ\�aJph�h�hbdCJ\�aJ jh�hbdCJU\�aJh�hW�CJ\�aJ�D�D�D�D�D�D�D�D�D�D�D�DEEE"E-E.E5EAEBEUE_EjElEoEE�E�E�E�E�E�E�EFFFFFF$F0F�������÷ë������÷÷ϷÓ�Ó�Ó�{ÇÇ�o�oh�h.XDCJ\�aJh�h�G`CJ\�aJh�h2,CJ\�aJh�h�8CJ\�aJh�h\UCJ\�aJh�hQ^{CJ\�aJh�h�jqCJ\�aJh�ht9CJ\�aJh�h$�CJ\�aJh�h"A+CJ\�aJh�h2`�CJ\�aJh�hn�CJ\�aJ)0F2F3F�I�I�I�I�I�I�I�I�IyJ}JJ�J�J�J�J�J�JKKK"K@KAKLKNKPKVKWKXK]K������󶪶������ֆznzbz��V��z�znh�h�(HCJ\�aJh�h2`�CJ\�aJh�h�3;CJ\�aJh�h�r.CJ\�aJh�h2,CJ\�aJh�hI2CJ\�aJh�hZnCJ\�aJh�h�8CJ\�aJh�h�8�CJ\�aJ'h�hZn0J>*B*CJ\�aJph�h�ht9CJ\�aJ jh�ht9CJU\�aJh�hW�CJ\�aJ!]K_KaKcKmKnKoKtKvK�K�K�K�K!L$L�L�L�L�LMMtMuM~MM����ٹ������������wcwRA h�7D5�CJPJ\�aJmH	sH	 hU-�5�CJPJ\�aJmH	sH	&h�hKu�5�CJPJ\�aJmHsHh�hKu�5�CJPJ\�aJ'h�h�L�5�B*CJPJ\�aJph�h�hK�B*CJaJph�h�h�L�B*CJaJph�h�h2,B*CJaJph� h�h3:�5�B*CJaJph�h$T�5�B*CJaJph�h�ht9CJ\�aJh�hW�CJ\�aJyMzM{M|M}M~MM�MPR�R?S�T9U/Z�]�^S_w`a�b�c��������������������$
��d��d�d7$8$H$[$\$a$gdU-�$
��d��d�d7$8$H$[$\$a$gdU-�$d��d�d7$8$H$[$\$a$gdU-�MNDNFN$O&O8O:O>O@O*P,P@PBPFPHP0Q2QDQFQJQPRQRRRTR�R�R�R�R�R�R��������������������}n}�^N�}nhU-�hU-�CJ\�aJmH	sH	hU-�hU-�CJ]�aJmH	sH	hU-�hU-�CJaJmHsHhU-�hU-�CJ\�aJmHsHjhU-�hU-�CJUaJhU-�hU-�CJaJ0hU-�hU-�CJOJPJQJaJmHnH	sHtH	9jhU-�hU-�CJOJPJQJUaJmHnH	sHtH	hU-�hU-�CJaJmH	sH	&hU-�hU-�5�CJPJ\�aJmH	sH	�R�R>S?S@SASCSiSjS�S�S�S�S�S�SWTXTbTcT�T�T�T�T*U,U9U:U;U=U>U
VV����ﱔ{�pap�{�pa���ϱ��{�jhU-�hU-�CJUaJhU-�hU-�CJaJ0hU-�hU-�CJOJPJQJaJmHnH	sHtH	9jhU-�hU-�CJOJPJQJUaJmHnH	sHtH	hU-�hU-�CJaJmH	sH	hU-�hU-�CJaJmHsHhU-�hU-�CJ\�aJmH	sH	hU-�hU-�CJ]�aJmH	sH	hU-�hU-�CJ\�aJmHsHVVVVV�V�V�V�V�V�V�W�W�W�W�W�W�X�X�X�X�X�XoYpYuYvYxY�Y�YZZ"Z#Z/Z0Z��ˮ����ˮ����ˮ����ˮ���چˮ���s�chU-�hU-�CJ\�aJmHsH%jhU-�hU-�CJUaJmHsHhU-�hU-�CJaJmH	sH	0hU-�hU-�CJOJPJQJaJmHnH	sHtH	9jhU-�hU-�CJOJPJQJUaJmHnH	sHtH	hU-�hU-�CJaJmHsH(jhU-�hU-�CJU\�aJmHsHhU-�hU-�CJ\�aJmHsH#0Z1Z3Z4Z[[[[[[�[�[�[�[�[�[�\�\�\�\�\�\�\W]X]�]�]�]��īě�wīě�wīě�wgwXī�XhU-�hU-�CJaJmH	sH	hU-�hU-�CJ]�aJmHsHhU-�hU-�CJaJmHsH(jhU-�hU-�CJU\�aJmHsHhU-�hU-�CJ\�aJmHsH0hU-�hU-�CJOJPJQJaJmHnH	sHtH	9jhU-�hU-�CJOJPJQJUaJmHnH	sHtH	hU-�hU-�CJ\�aJmHsHhU-�hU-�CJaJmHsH�]�]�]�]�]�]�]�^R_S_T_V_X_Y_�_�_```w`x`z`|`aa!a#aHaIa�a��ͽ��ݣͽ���m�^K^ݽ��ݽ��݆m%jhU-�hU-�CJUaJmHsHhU-�hU-�CJaJmHsH0hU-�hU-�CJOJPJQJaJmHnH	sHtH	9jhU-�hU-�CJOJPJQJUaJmHnH	sHtH	hU-�hU-�CJaJhU-�hU-�CJaJmHsHhU-�hU-�CJ\�aJmHsHhU-�hU-�6�CJaJmH	sH	hU-�hU-�CJaJmH	sH	%jhU-�hU-�CJUaJmH	sH	�a�a�a�a�a�b�b�b�b�b�b�b�b�b6c7c>c?c�c�c�c�cddrdsdydzd|d}d�d���׹�����z��a�N��z���a�����a%jhU-�hU-�CJUaJmH	sH	0hU-�hU-�CJOJPJQJaJmHnH	sHtH	hU-�hU-�CJaJmHsHhU-�hU-�CJ\�aJmHsHhU-�hU-�CJ\�aJmH	sH	hU-�hU-�CJ]�aJmH	sH	hU-�hU-�CJaJmH	sH	jhU-�hU-�CJUaJhU-�hU-�CJaJ9jhU-�hU-�CJOJPJQJUaJmHnH	sHtH	�d�d�d�d�d�dheiesetevewe�e�e�e�e�f�f�f�f�f�g�g�g�g�g�g�g�g�g�gehmh{h|h~h�hviwi������������Ƞ����q����a�����a������hU-�hU-�CJ]�aJmH	sH	hU-�hU-�CJ\�aJmH	sH	hU-�hU-�CJaJmHsHhU-�hU-�CJ\�aJmHsHhU-�hU-�CJaJmH	sH	0hU-�hU-�CJOJPJQJaJmHnH	sHtH	jhU-�hU-�CJUaJhU-�hU-�CJaJ9jhU-�hU-�CJOJPJQJUaJmHnH	sHtH	&�c�f�g�g{hvi�ko�t�v$w�wBxPz~}��~�:�����T�����p��������������������������$
��d��d�d[$\$a$gdU-�$
��d��d�d7$8$H$[$\$a$gdU-�wiyi{i�i�ij	jjjjj�j�j�j�j�j�j�j�jkkk	kxkyk�k�k�k�k�k�kl@lBlmm,m.m2m4m
nnnnnn�n�n�n�n�no��ҵ���������������������������ҵ������������������jhU-�hU-�CJUaJhU-�hU-�CJaJ0hU-�hU-�CJOJPJQJaJmHnH	sHtH	9jhU-�hU-�CJOJPJQJUaJmHnH	sHtH	hU-�hU-�CJaJmH	sH	hU-�hU-�CJ\�aJmHsHhU-�hU-�CJaJmHsH3ooopBpDpq q.q0q4q6qrr*r,r0r2rssss"s$stt	t
t�t�t�t�t�t�t.u/u8u9u;u���Ѵ����������������������r���c������hU-�hU-�CJaJmHsHhU-�hU-�CJaJmH	sH	jhU-�hU-�CJUaJhU-�hU-�CJaJ0hU-�hU-�CJOJPJQJaJmHnH	sHtH	9jhU-�hU-�CJOJPJQJUaJmHnH	sHtH	hU-�hU-�CJaJmHsHhU-�hU-�CJaJmHsHhU-�hU-�CJ\�aJmHsH&;u<u�u�u�u�u�u�u"v#v*v+v-v�v�v�v�v$w%w'w)w�w�w�w�w*x,xBxCxExGxhxix�x�x�x��⾯���⾯��������������q����b����hU-�hU-�CJaJmH
sH
hU-�hU-�6�CJaJmH	sH	hU-�hU-�CJaJmHsHhU-�hU-�CJ\�aJmHsHhU-�hU-�CJaJmH	sH	jhU-�hU-�CJUaJhU-�hU-�CJaJ0hU-�hU-�CJOJPJQJaJmHnH	sHtH	9jhU-�hU-�CJOJPJQJUaJmHnH	sHtH	#�x�x�x�xOyPyUyVyXyYy�y�y�y�y�yPzQzSzUzwzxz�z�z�z�z�z�ze{f{p{q{s{t{�{�{�{�{�{�{c|d|n|o|q|������}n}���������hU-�hU-�CJaJmHsHhU-�hU-�CJ\�aJmHsHhU-�hU-�CJaJmH	sH	jhU-�hU-�CJUaJ0hU-�hU-�CJOJPJQJaJmHnH	sHtH	9jhU-�hU-�CJOJPJQJUaJmHnH	sHtH	hU-�hU-�CJaJ%jhU-�hU-�CJUaJmH
sH
+q|r|�|�|�|�|�|~}}�}�}�}T~U~]~^~`~a~45@ACD����������⾯��������q\M���q\M���q\M��hU-�hU-�CJaJmHsH(jhU-�hU-�CJU\�aJmHsHhU-�hU-�CJ\�aJmHsHhU-�hU-�CJaJmHsHhU-�hU-�CJ\�aJmHsHhU-�hU-�CJaJmH	sH	jhU-�hU-�CJUaJhU-�hU-�CJaJ0hU-�hU-�CJOJPJQJaJmHnH	sHtH	9jhU-�hU-�CJOJPJQJUaJmHnH	sHtH	������������������������������������������������������!�"�����������������׭�Ȟ���{�ri]h�h$T�5�CJaJh$T�5�CJaJh�L�5�CJaJ%jhU-�hU-�CJUaJmH	sH	hU-�hU-�CJ\�aJmH	sH	hU-�hU-�CJaJmH	sH	U0hU-�hU-�CJOJPJQJaJmHnH	sHtH	jhU-�hU-�CJUaJhU-�hU-�CJaJ9jhU-�hU-�CJOJPJQJUaJmHnH	sHtH	"ayumi M (2006) Evaluation of a urinary multi-parameter biomarker set for oxidative stress in children, adolescents and young adults.  HYPERLINK "javascript:AL_get(this,%20'jour',%20'Free%20Radic%20Res.');" Free Radic Res 40(11):1198-1205.
 [29]. Richardson MA, Seid B, Cotton RT, et al. Evaluation of tonsils and adenoids in sleep apnea syndrome. Laryngoscope 1980;90:1106-1110
30. Gottlieb DJ, Vezina RM, Chase C, et al. Symptoms of sleep-disordered breathing in 5-year-old children are associated with sleepiness and problem behaviors. Pediatrics 2003;112:870-877
31. Goldstein NA, Post JC, Rosenfeld RM, et al. Impact of tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy on child behavior. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2000;126:494-498
32. Goldstein NA, Fatima M, Campbell TF, et al. Child behavior and quality of life before and after tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2002;128:770-775
33. Georgalas C, Tolley N, Kanagalingam J. Measuring quality of life in children with adenotonsillar disease with the Child Health Questionnaire: a first U.K. study. Laryngoscope 2004;114:1849-1855
34. Archbold K, Giordani B, Ruzicka D, et al. Cognitive executive dysfunction in children with mild sleep-disordered breathing.
Biol Res Nurs 2004;5:168-176
35. Ali NJ, Pitson D, Stradling JR. Snoring, sleep disturbance, and behavior in 4-5 year olds. Arch Dis Child 1993;68:360- 366
36. Stewart MG, Friedman EM, Sulek M, et al. Quality of life and health status in pediatric tonsil and adenoid disease. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2000;126:45- 48











Legends

Figure 1. Leukocyte 8-OHdG/106dG rate in both groups

Figure 2. Urine 8-OHdG/106dG rate in both groups

Figure 3. Plasma MDA levels in both groups

Figure 4. Urine MDA levels in both groups

Figure 5. Correlation of plasma MDA and leukocyte 8-OHdG/106dG

Table 1.  Adenoid grading system: relationship between the adenoid tissue and other nasopharyngeal structures

Table 2. All results in patients with and without CT/AH 
 
�������� �!�"�#�+�,�a�b�������������*�+��������������������������d��d�d[$\$`��gdKu�d��d�d[$\$gdKu���d��d�d[$\$`��gd�L�"�#�+�5�K�N�Y����������������������ƶƶ������}h�h!�5�CJaJh�hKu�5�CJaJmHsHh�h�5�CJaJmH	sH	h?9�5�CJaJmH	sH	h�hBv<5�CJaJmH	sH	h�h?9�5�CJaJmH	sH	h�h?9�5�CJaJmH	sH	h�hKu�5�CJaJmH	sH	hFd65�CJaJ+���������������d��d�d[$\$`��gd!���d��d�d[$\$`��gdKu���d��d�d[$\$^��gdFd690&P	1�h:p3:���. ��A!��"��#��$��%�������^02���� 0@P`p������2(�� 0@P`p������ 0@P`p������ 0@P`p������ 0@P`p������ 0@P`p������ 0@P`p��8X�V~_HmHnHsHtH8`�8�L�Normal_HmH	sH	tH\@\�8�Ba_l1k 1$���<@&"5�CJ KH OJPJQJ\�^JaJ b@2b�L�Ba_l1k 3�d�d@&[$\$#5�B*CJ\�aJmHphsHtH`@`�L�Ba_l1k 5
���<@&(5�6�CJOJQJ\�]�aJmHsHtHRA`�RVarsay1lan Paragraf Yaz1 TipiRi�RNormal Tablo�4�
l4�a�,k �,	Liste YokZ�o��Z�L�
Ba_l1k 3 Char'5B*CJ\_HaJmHphsHtHR^@R�L�Normal (Web)dh�d�d[$\$	B*ph^�o�^�L�
Ba_l1k 5 Char,56CJOJQJ\]_HaJmHsHtH,U`�!,�L�K�pr�	>*ph��O�1�L�hpsD'`�AD
�L�A�1klama Ba_vurusuCJaJ8@R8�L�0A�1klama MetniN�o�aN�L�0A�1klama Metni Char_HmH	sH	tHF�@rF�L�Balon MetniCJOJ	QJ	^J	aJ<�`�<�t0D�zeltme_HmH	sH	tH\�o�\�8�
Ba_l1k 1 Char*5�CJ KH OJPJQJ\�^JaJ mH	sH	@j@QR@u[A�1klama Konusu5�\�V�o�Vu[A�1klama Konusu Char5�\�_HmH	sH	tHPK!����[Content_Types].xml���N�0E�H���-J��@%�ǎǢ|�ș$�ز�U��L�TB� l,�3��;�r��Ø��J��B+$�G]��7O٭V��<a���(7��I��R�{�pgL�=��r���8�5v&����uQ�뉑8��C����X=��$␴�?6N�JC������F�B.ʹ'�.�+���Y�T���^e5�5�� ��ð�_�g -�;�����Yl�ݎ��|6^�N��`�?���[��PK!�֧�6_rels/.rels���j�0���}Q��%v/��C/�}�(h"���O�
����=������ ����C?�h�v=��Ʌ��%[xp��{۵_�Pѣ<�1�H�0���O�R�Bd���JE�4b$��q_����6L�R�7`������0̞O��,�En7�Li�b��/�S���e��е�����PK!ky���theme/theme/themeManager.xml�M
� @�}�w��7c�(Eb�ˮ��C�AǠҟ����7��՛K
Y,�
�e�.���|,���H�,l����xɴ��I�sQ}#Ր���� ֵ+�!�,�^�$j=�GW��)�E�+&
8���PK!{���theme/theme/theme1.xml�YOoE�#�F{om'vGu�رh�F�[��xw�;���jf��7���q�7(j%.��7	A��x3��މ7$i#��>$�3�y�ߛ7���܋�'BR�t��ź�H��&aǻ5\X��T8	0�	�x3"�+��s������D��)���j҇a,/�$07�"�
^EX>�1�-��+���C	����	�h�������3�(�|&��4)�0�`����L��@��u<����<İT0�������/��Z���c֖�
�/[�-��O���A�}i��oL-�~��(��}���R���6�9��>.���[���/�_^����v[�LKԀ�cs�Z_in,9x�������V�Y��~p���t�1��-��C��z�p�U	_�j=��Q
Eli���H��].0�a+� 5K���=�Ś<^#�4c�|�0�9!�����~�!��^>���'����?>xpx�{K�Y�������ן���C�Ǔ�^<��/�_��藟>�B���y���ߞ>~��ǿ��!�јHt��]�b�*��d,ζbaZ^���'Xs���W���1�,�#G���-�xT�N�:#1U���(v�ۜ�.�V��y��<�&a5s1-�v1ޯ��É��4������x/"��;'
�$!
�9�GH�vw(u�M}�%�(t��.��&ѱM�E[4�̪t;�پ���Ui�I�]$dfs�xO��H�p����UT%�p&�2�/x:$��~@��ZsS��%�_�P�*ݾ�f����UѼ�9/#7�^/�qZ��$*cߓ{��pU��n��w�N�u�mJw�\
n��i zf**|y�p'~�36�Ĕ(�N��i�w��Q�ܖ�n(�Ͽ|T!��Z�7`��ʙ�#��8�����"�o~u���d�@B,nQo�������q�|�%y^��@�^Ķ٦鎏�'����1r]��[��`P�2gMR���uy
l� ��TE��в7<M$��P��K8(��J�m���̖>�غ!���^��9� c�
�Q6g��	����(�*�Z�Ssk�LIt�*k��8��P
kBK��+��i_���f$�v�>��b�p�.�H�#�����Iy�,(������'X�ĭ�ɾ��8�̮y��{��<��^jGӑ%��d	:�x��R�C>N;�N����u��H�B�f�ab2�,�{��+�&A�=��v�@*���2��a��`��d�_j�Y�K��jt:)�W!�5)���k�dB|UvviD�ξf��O�(8@c6�ܯC�	���S���ik�)�8gIW�
38;�Y����3��MA*d0o%�@�JٍrgWŤ�9�R�*z?����@{��Ka��Δ�Dž�8T�4��@@�`jD���4\M�����6�,
��p�T�4D��~�"A��%}'kd{�%�2B&�J��Ԋ=&���t
\�{��"uSM�2`pG��}�2h�&��oN%+�^��t�c��r�ihr�"�|W����|�-+�'�mV3�
`V�
�Yڿ�g�jm�Z�x��^\���(�$����G�ψ	c����.�V.41����@�@�14Nv��&eM��N�j�f}Νn�����d���]4g.;'��ؙ�[۱cM
�=��04ɏ1�1�Y��Go��)S�|�z��H~��,]���PK!
ѐ��'theme/theme/_rels/themeManager.xml.rels��M
�0���wooӺ�&݈Э���5
6?$Q��
�,.�a��i����c2�1h�:�q��m��@RN��;d�`��o7�g�K(M&$R(.1�r'J��ЊT���8��V�"��AȻ�H�u}��|�$�b{��P����8�g/]�QAsم(����#��L�[������PK-!����[Content_Types].xmlPK-!�֧�60_rels/.relsPK-!ky���theme/theme/themeManager.xmlPK-!{����theme/theme/theme1.xmlPK-!
ѐ��'�	theme/theme/_rels/themeManager.xml.relsPK]�
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<a:clrMap xmlns:a="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/main" bg1="lt1" tx1="dk1" bg2="lt2" tx2="dk2" accent1="accent1" accent2="accent2" accent3="accent3" accent4="accent4" accent5="accent5" accent6="accent6" hlink="hlink" folHlink="folHlink"/>jx������H��ck4}���'"�#�%�)8-(/R0�2�4�7�9�:<>;@�D0F]KM�RV0Z�]�a�dwio;u�xq|��"���ACEFGHIJKLNOPQRSUVWXYZ\]^_`abcdfghijklnopqrsyB
R(F5yM�c�+���BDMT[emxz;R^5�8�8T;�>�>�B>CHCKC�C�C�CDDNDF�F�F�FGG�G�H�H�H�I�I�IjJqJtJCKJKMKL!LqL�L�L�L�M�M�M�N�N�NrO{OPTPhPR�R�R�SaTiTTU�U�U�VW%W(W�W�W�WXX"X�X�XE\�\�\�\-]4]7]�]�]�]$^.^�^_$_'_�_�_�_`!`�`$a,a/a�a�a�ab#b&b�b�bTc�c�c�c>dGdJd�d�d�flgugxg�g�g�g[hchi|i�i�i�ijjyj�j�j�jkkyk�kl�l�l�l�m�m�m�n�n�no'o*o�o�o�op!p$p�p�pqeqtqjxX���X��X��X����X���X���X����X����X���X���X���X���X���X���X����X����X���X����X����X���X���X���X���X���X���X���X���X���X���X���X���X���X���X���X���X���X���X���X���X����X���X���X���X���X���X���X���X���X����X���XT���XT���XT���XT���X�������������8�@�����������0�(	�
��B
�S����	?���table1bbib89��lx��lx��2)2)W$lx\)lxC*�urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags�metricconverter��10 mM-80��C	�ProductIDDIJPX^`fgnpuv��������������������������!",0<>EFMOV[eu~������������� $029:ACJKUz�����������������
$+hw����')Ze����{}����I K � � �"�"�"�"�/�/�4�45!5oBqBrByBzB~BB�B�B�B�B�B�B�B�B�B�B�B�B�B?CFC�C�CEDLDsD�D�D�D�D�D�D�D�D�D�D�DEElErEvEE�E�E�E�E
FF�F�FGG_GfGHLNLRLZL[LfL�L�L�L�L�M�M�N�NsO{O~O�OZP_P`PdP�P�P�P�PQQ Q(Q)Q9Q�Q�Q�R�R)S.S2S9S�S�S�S�S�S�S�S�S<UCU|V�V�V�V1Y<YAYPYUYYYuY{YZ#Z8Z=ZBZFZxZZ[[�[�[\	\
\\
\\\\3\7\%^,^r^v^�^�^�^�^�^�^_"_�_�_``g`r`}`�`�`�`�`�`�`�`%a)a�a�ab!b�b�bcccc(c4cFcPc�c�c?dEd�d�d�d�deee e�e�e!f%f*f3f4f;fNfWf[f`fdfjf�f�f�f�fmgrg\hah�h�h}i�izj�jzk�k�l�l�m�m�n�nppkqpq�q�q�q�q$r*r�r�r�r�r2s:sAsLsWs[s�s�s�st
tt't0t4t:t>tJt�t�t�tuuuiumuruvu�u�u�u�u�u�u"v'vWv`v�v�v�v�vlx��
����!8?�	�	X
Y
�
�
xz

w�uv%'��FS��(5��3;����� � �#�#�%&�&�&''Q(T(�)�)k*y*�*�*{,,�-�-\._.�/�/J1X1::�>?q@v@�@�@�@�@�B�B�B�B�P�PFQ�Q�S�SYY\\e(er
r}r�r�r�r`shstt�t�t{u�u�u�u�v�v�v�v�vw)w2wUw^w�w�w�w�w/x7xlx33333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333UST(;��((!p���>>� � � � �+�+,,	,	,,,k.k.L/L/�@�@�@�@�B�v�v�v-x.xhxhxlxUST(;��((!p���>>� � � � �+�+,,	,	,,,k.k.L/L/�@�@�@�@�B�v�v�v-x.xhxhxixlx8)�j
+V���������h�h���^�h`���56B*PJo(ph�.�
�8���^�8`����h�H.�
��L�^�`�L��h�H.�
��	���^��	`����h�H.�
�����^��`����h�H.�
�x�L�^�x`�L��h�H.�
�H���^�H`����h�H.�
����^�`����h�H.�
���L�^��`�L��h�H.8)�j���������f�f	@	@@'�$o�)�I&�dV#]��$""YT�pr&'(��F�<E	j<^�j�D��<E	�o��$}W���$o�^pr�DLwAc�F"���dV#DL�$��F��4'$�,*uxh@�,}�I�y�.�4@z�Ap=�4@z��@�<�xh��F�<�xh�)�I;wT}�I�D��8�L��@�vT%P�8�L#OIT�4'$�;wT�$}W#OITG|^[vT%Pj<^
�_#OIT""wAc�j|h�8�L""�g�m�^""pr�,*uxh�,*u@�,�4@z`,�~xh`,�~&�<��F"����%(t9�8\U*w�&2,�=&/u[p	�6)2
6^
�$Zn�}�hEx��v ul$�v$�7%�'�)�\)�N*�'+"A+2,�r.d1=!1�Z172I2�E5.L6Fd6�07q
8�8�9�!:�/:4;P;�3;wr;Bv<�{<�">�A�XA�5C�aC�7D.XD�
E?E�7E>FE�cF**G�(HRZH�1IsIe/K�AKkL:
N�ER�9Tj@UuLX9Y�bY6^`_,U_�`�G`�:b�UbcRc�]cDcbd8e�Ue�'fLg�,g=3ivj(+k!BkUIllVm:Zn�p�Rp�Hq�jq�1r�Gr�{r�th8tIu�Zuvmv�v"wzbzQ^{�KB�0P�j�_'�I��:�� ��U��1�h9��F�3I����#�I,�
��H�i�o3�����H|�n���E/��[�e����!��}�����Ku�w�K���Y�<�C%��B�YF�"��8�=A��p���m-��+��+��V�|h�W:�N�U-��I�?9�1�3:�$T��h��|��0�c~�2`��b�19�
[�u-��8��?�J�r�b�@�)��u�?��A���]2�{����Q�:z��,�hw�W�q�N�/S��G��J�P��/�V����2��k����z��@��P���$�o$�1-��)�TI���i3�!�Z?��A�oL��L��y��
��B��=�jxlx�@��B�B�B�B�"""�B�C�D�^�_�`�a�b�pjx�@�
��@�N�P��@�l��@�p�r��@��@��Unknown������������G���*�Ax�	�Times New Roman5��Symbol3.���*�Cx�	�Arialg��	ArialUnicodeMSArial Unicode MS]��Minion ProTimes New Roman7.����@�Calibria��TrebuchetMSArial Unicode MSI.����������?�?Arial Unicode MS7����@�Cambria5.���.�[`�)�TahomaA����$B�Cambria Math"q����#!�#!��rf=��rf=�A���x���24-x-x�L�s3�q���HX	�?�����������������������L�2!
xx����#DNA Damage in Children with ChronicadminUser����Oh��+'��0Lx����	��

 ,4<D�$DNA Damage in Children with ChronicadminNormalUser2Microsoft Office Word@F�#@Xh5	�@Xh5	��rf����՜.��+,��D��՜.��+,���dhp��������
�(�Atat�rk �niversitesi�=-x$DNA Damage in Children with Chronic$DNA Damage in Children with Chronic
Konu Ba�l��Title<I 8@_PID_HLINKS�A�HJlG�4javascript:AL_get(this, 'jour', 'Free Radic Res.');}�ahttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Mayumi%20M%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=17050173o�ahttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Sekine%20K%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=17050173q
�chttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Kawakami%20H%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=17050173_k�`http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Maeda%20M%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=17050173?��http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=Search&Term=%22Ueno%20M%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstractPlus$��http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=Search&Term=%22Tsukahara%20H%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstractPlusw^��http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=Search&Term=%22Tamura%20S%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstractPlusw�ehttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Koitabashi%20Y%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=17766071g�chttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Miyamoto%20Y%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=17766071x�chttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Kamiyama%20N%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=17766071s�chttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Murakami%20H%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=17766071<~bhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Aminaka%20M%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=17766071Z`{`http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Akcay%20T%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=173933340x^http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Bal%20K%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=17393334Y=uahttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Gunes%20KN%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=17393334Pyr_http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Lubec%20G%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=9730853<Fo`http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Kampel%20D%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=97308537lahttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Herkner%20K%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=9730853F5iahttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Cimen%20MY%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=15302619Qef`http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Cevik%20T%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=15302619F4cehttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Akba%C5%9F%20Y%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=153026197``http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Pata%20YS%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=153026199]bhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Cetiner%20H%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=12958578#Zfhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Yal%C3%A7in%20S%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=12958578KoW`http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Keles%20E%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=12958578?Tbhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Shanker%20K%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=10920537|TQbhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Shukla%20RN%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=10920537xN_http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Kaur%20G%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=10920537bKahttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Pandey%20S%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=10920537?H`http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Yang%20WC%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=11054349AaEehttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Wen%20Chen%20T%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=11054349	 B`http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Chen%20HW%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=11054349&T?_http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Liu%20TY%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=11054349/g<�http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9439711?ordinalpos=12&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum?9_http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Ames%20BN%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=7808289ew6http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3344216?ordinalpos=1&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum539javascript:AL_get(this, 'jour', 'Free Radic Biol Med.');00�http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=Search&Term=%22Baird%20DD%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstractPlus8-�http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=Search&Term=%22Gladen%20BC%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstractPlusdK*�http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=Search&Term=%22Kadiiska%20MB%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstractPlus8'6javascript:AL_get(this, 'jour', 'Eur J Ophthalmol.');]n$�http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=Search&Term=%22Sun%20L%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstractPlus:!�http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=Search&Term=%22Song%20J%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstractPlus2�http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=Search&Term=%22Chen%20L%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstractPlus_n�http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=Search&Term=%22Cui%20Y%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstractPlusxE�http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=Search&Term=%22Dong%20QY%22%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstractPluszbhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Poulsen%20HE%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=8230310\5bhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Vistisen%20K%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=8230310?Qghttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Yurtta%C5%9F%20V%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=12717059Gyhhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Kiro%C4%9Flu%20AF%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=12717059>	bhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Cankaya%20H%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=12717059Zvhttp://ovidsp.tx.ovid.com/sp-3.10.0b/ovidweb.cgi?QS2=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Zvhttp://ovidsp.tx.ovid.com/sp-3.10.0b/ovidweb.cgi?QS2=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?8mailto:dryoruk_40@hotmail.com	

 !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{����}~���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������Root Entry��������	�Fp�o5	��1Table������������|�?WordDocument	��������;�SummaryInformation(�����DocumentSummaryInformation8��������������JMsoDataStore������wo5	�p�o5	��4LL0��4���D�V��������==2����������wo5	�p�o5	�Item
���������Properties������������UMacrosp�o5	�p�o5	�VBA��������p�o5	�p�o5	�dir������������
�����	����
���� !"#$����&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQ����STUVWX��������[����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������<b:Sources SelectedStyle="\APA.XSL" StyleName="APA" xmlns:b="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/bibliography" xmlns="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/bibliography"></b:Sources>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<ds:datastoreItem ds:itemID="{6BCBE2D5-1EAF-488F-83F1-5BFDF21EF2B7}" xmlns:ds="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/customXml"><ds:schemaRefs><ds:schemaRef ds:uri="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/bibliography"/></ds:schemaRefs></ds:datastoreItem>���0*�	pH�d�ProjectQ(@=�
l	���VTJ<
rstdole>stdoleP
h%^*\G{00020�430-C
0046}#2.0#0#C:\Windows\SysWOW64\e2.tlb#OLE Aut�omation`�ENormal�EN�CrmaQ�F �	�*�\C
�m�! Offic�gO�f�ic�g����!G{2DF8D04C-5BFA-101B-BHDE5�gAA�e4
�2�g��gram Files (x86)\Common	\Microsoft Shared\OFFICE14\M�SO.DLL#��P 14.0 Ob�� Libra,ry'�zMSBF@Cs>�MSFDs3	@�eD452EE1-E08F�1A-8-02608C4D0B�B4�eFM20L'�B @r�&/;"~1�ă�}�Ã0�0}#0ƒ#��h0�@��4878D8F4-8E60-449D-A195-62@�D7AEBE�Users\A\AppData\Local\Temp\Wor0d8.0�ZB/.e<xd�[U4@"��.E
���.@`�M�����xMB�ThisDocumentG�T��isDdcu@�enU���2�`	TH�1�u���"�,��(""
+������������xM�(�����������������ThisDocument
�����_VBA_PROJECT������������%6PROJECT
����R�PROJECTwm������������Y)������������x��ME���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������(S"����S����S"����<������(1Normal.ThisDocument����8���������(����������%����H�������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������x������Attribute VB_Name = "ThisDocument"

�Bas�1Normal.VGlobal!�SpaclFalse�CreatablPre declaId�Tru
BExposeTemplateDeriv$Customiz�C�1�a��		��*\G{000204EF-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}#4.1#9#C:\PROGRA~2\COMMON~1\MICROS~1\VBA\VBA7\VBE7.DLL#Visual Basic For Applications*\G{00020905-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}#8.5#0#C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Office\Office14\MSWORD.OLB#Microsoft Word 14.0 Object Library�*\G{00020430-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}#2.0#0#C:\Windows\SysWOW64\stdole2.tlb#OLE Automation*\CNormal*\CNormal��VT4*\G{2DF8D04C-5BFA-101B-BDE5-00AA0044DE52}#2.5#0#C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\OFFICE14\MSO.DLL#Microsoft Office 14.0 Object Library�*\G{0D452EE1-E08F-101A-852E-02608C4D0BB4}#2.0#0#C:\Windows\SysWOW64\FM20.DLL#Microsoft Forms 2.0 Object Library*\G{4878D8F4-8E60-449D-A195-62430D7AEBE0}#2.0#0#C:\Users\User\AppData\Local\Temp\Word8.0\MSForms.exd#Microsoft Forms 2.0 Object Library�.E
���.`�M�����������VT��������������������������������������������������������������xMThisDocument0T54577658��#ThisDocument���(������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������B����O����T����������`��&Word�kVBA��Win16�~Win32Win64xMac��VBA6�#VBA7�#Project-�stdole�`��Normal����Officeu��MSFormsCThisDocument<�	��_Evaluate�Documentj���` ��#��������������
������������������������������������������������ID="{A87E0E73-C6D2-4316-B732-465AA1927B10}"
Document=ThisDocument/&H00000000
Name="Project"
HelpContextID="0"
VersionCompatible32="393222000"
CMG="0103B3B1B7B1B7B1B7B1B7"
DPB="0200B0B3B0B4B0B4B0"
GC="0301B1B2B3B3B3B34C"

[Host Extender Info]
&H00000001={3832D640-CF90-11CF-8E43-00A0C911005A};VBE;&H00000000
&H00000002={000209F2-0000-0000-C000-000000000046};Word8.0;&H00000000
ThisDocumentThisDocument��
����	�FMicrosoft Word 97-2003 Belgesi
MSWordDocWord.Document.8�9�qCompObj������������Zq������������������������������������

Youez - 2016 - github.com/yon3zu
LinuXploit