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SLEEP DISORDERED BREATHING IN PRADER-WILLI SYNDROME: A REVIEW 


AUTHORS
Jennifer F Ha (MBBS (Hons), FRACS) *�
* Department of Paediatrics Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, C.S. Mott Children�s Hospital, 1540 East Hospital Drive, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States of America
� University of Western Australia, School of Surgery, Stirling Highway, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009


SHORT RUNNING TITLE
Prader Willi Syndrome and Sleep Disordered Breathing


SOURCE OF FINANCIAL SUPPORT/FUNDING
None to declare


CONFLICT OF INTEREST
None to declare


The manuscript will be presented at the Triological Society 2017 Combined Sections Meeting (19-21 January 2017) in New Orleans, United States of America.


CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Jennifer F Ha *
Department of Paediatric Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery
CS Mott Children�s Hospital
University of Michigan Health System
1540 E Hospital Drive, SPC 4241
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-4241
United States of America
Telephone:	+1 734 936 4934
Fax: 		+1 734 763 7802
Email:		 HYPERLINK "mailto:drjennha@yahoo.com.au" drjennha@yahoo.com.au 

* Present address: 	Murdoch ENT
			St John of God (Murdoch) Hospital
			Wexford Medical Center
			Suite 17/18, Level 1
			3 Barry Marshall Parade, Murdoch, Western Australia 6150
ABSTRACT
Objectives: PWS is a rare genetic disorder characterized by cognitive impairment, hypogonadism, morbid obesity due to hyperphagia and lack of satiety, and hypothalamic dysfunction. PWS is closely associated with SDB in many forms.
Data Sources: A literature search was conducted on the PubMed, MedLine, CINAHL, Embase, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases based on the keywords �Prader Willi Syndrome�, �sleep disordered breathing�, �obstructive sleep apnea�.
Review Method: Narrative review of the current literature.
Results: GH therapy was approved in 2000 for treatment of PWS and has been successful in promoting linear growth and improving muscular trophism and tone, with a consequent improvement in strength, physical activity and cardiorespiratory function as well as SDB. However it is not without its complications, in particular sudden deaths. Patients should be managed in the multidisciplinary team with regular polysomnogram especially in the first few weeks following initiation of the treatment. There are other conservative options that can be considered for persistence of SDB despite GH as well as surgical options.
Conclusions: PWS is a rare disorder associated with a variety of SDB. GH has the potential to positively impact on the frequency and severity of SDB in these children. Therefore, they will benefit from careful monitoring in a multidisciplinary setting.


KEY WORDS
Prader-Willi syndrome, sleep disordered breathing, children, growth hormone therapy, adenotonsillectomy

INTRODUCTION
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare genetic disorder classically characterised by cognitive impairment, hypogonadism, morbid obesity due to hyperphagia and lack of satiety, and hypothalamic dysfunction. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 1-25 The syndrome was first described by Prader, Labhart and Willi in 1956  ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 1,3,4,6,7,26,27  and occurs in 1 in 10 000 � 50 000 live births. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 2-4,8-15,17,22,24,28-31 PWS has an infantile hypotonic phase with feeding difficulties leading to failure to thrive, followed by a childhood obese phase with hyperphagia, developmental delay and hypogonadism. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 1,2,4,5,14,18,21-23,26-28,32 
PWS is closely associated with sleep disordered breathing (SDB) in many forms, including obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), central sleep apnea (CSA), abnormal arousal, abnormal circadian rhythm of rapid eye movement (REM), and abnormal cardiorespiratory response to hypercapnia. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 1,2,5,14,16,19-21,25,28,29 There has been significant advancements in its treatment and a review of these options are presented.

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
OSA is reported to occur in 38-100% of the PWS children at 3 to 6 years old, in contrast to 1-3% of children in the general population. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 5,14,25,33 Contributing factors to airway obstruction are thought to include pharyngeal narrowing, facial dysmorphism, viscous secretions, scoliosis, obesity and respiratory muscle hypotonia, which can also contribute to the restrictive lung disease frequently seen in the syndrome. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 5,13,14,16,20,23,25,30,32-34 Adenotonsillar hypertrophy may also contribute to airway obstruction. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 5,16,22,23,25,28,30,32,33,35 Poor sleep quality, excessive daytime somnolence (EDS) and sedentary behaviour can increase the risk of obesity, which can further exacerbate the upper airway narrowing. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 16 
CSA in PWS is thought to be due to growth hormone (GH) deficiency, and hypothalamic/pituitary/adrenal dysfunction causing reduced or absent hypoxic and hyperoxic ventilator responses, and hypoarousability, with obesity further blunting this intrinsically abnormal ventilator response to high levels of carbon dioxide (CO2). ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 2,8,16,20,28,30,32 It is reported to be more common in infants. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 1,5 They may have a decreased hypoxic ventilatory drive independent of obesity due to altered central and/or peripheral chemosensitivity, with destabilising effect on the control of breathing, resulting in central depression. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 2,8,32 

TREATMENT  
1.1	Growth Hormone Therapy
GH therapy was approved in 2000 for treatment of PWS. It can now be started before 4 months of age with the advent of improved diagnostic testing. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 32 It is successful in promoting linear growth and improving muscular trophism and tone, with a consequent improvement in strength, physical activity and cardiorespiratory function. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 1-3,7,9,10,12,13,16-19,22,25,27,29,33,36-39 It can also mediate weight reduction with significant improvement in the ratio between lean body mass and fat mass by stimulating lipolysis, as well as increasing basal metabolic rate. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 1,2,7,9,12,17,19,25,27,28,32,38 Some studies suggest its potential to improve cognitive development when started early in life, whereas other studies have failed to demonstrate significant differences. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 1,11,17,25,27,34,37 
GH has been shown to improve CSA with an increased resting ventilation and central inspiratory drive, as well as increased respiratory response to hypercarbia. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 13,16,20 It has been reported to improve OSA as early as after 6 weeks of GH treatment. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 20 
GH is one of the medical treatment helpful in managing and preventing complications arising from PWS, and thus the potential to improve the SDB. Its use however has been associated with adverse events. It is thought that there is a period of increased vulnerability during the first few weeks following the initiation of GH. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 1
The subset of children with worsened obstruction following GH, were obese and had upper respiratory tract infections that did not resolve even after the infective episode. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 20 This is thought to be due to chronic upper airway inflammation, which improved with adenotonsillectomy. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 20 Gastroesophageal reflux is also reported to be a cause by worsening nasal obstruction. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 21 In the short term, the immune system cytokines are stimulated, which may account for the increase in lymphatic tissues size. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 16 In addition, IGF-1 mediated hypertrophy of the adenotonsillar tissue may also play a part. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 7,15,20,29,38 GH in the short term inappropriately increases plasma renin activity, resulting in water and secondary sodium retention, which may worsen the pre-existing impaired respiration with this volume load. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 4,20,24 This may result in cardiac overload and cardiorespiratory impairment, as well as CSF absorption and production mechanism which may affect central functions. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 16,24 All these may lead to soft tissue edema, further contributing to upper airway obstruction. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 15-17,20,24,28,29,39,40
Although there are concerns that the GH induced accelerated linear growth may influence the incidence or progression of scoliosis, controlled studies have not shown any difference. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 12,17,18,27,29,34 It is postulated that the GH mediated increase in muscle mass and strength might decrease its occurrence or progression. ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Wolfgram</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>15</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">27</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>15</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457195373">15</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Wolfgram, P. M.</author><author>Carrel, A. L.</author><author>Allen, D. B.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine &amp; Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin 53792-4108, USA.</auth-address><titles><title>Long-term effects of recombinant human growth hormone therapy in children with Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>Curr Opin Pediatr</secondary-title><alt-title>Current opinion in pediatrics</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Curr Opin Pediatr</full-title><abbr-1>Current opinion in pediatrics</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Curr Opin Pediatr</full-title><abbr-1>Current opinion in pediatrics</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>509-14</pages><volume>25</volume><number>4</number><edition>2013/06/21</edition><keywords><keyword>Body Composition/drug effects</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Cognition Disorders/drug therapy/etiology</keyword><keyword>Growth/drug effects</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/adverse effects/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*drug therapy/physiopathology/psychology</keyword><keyword>Recombinant Proteins/adverse effects/therapeutic use</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2013</year><pub-dates><date>Aug</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1040-8703</isbn><accession-num>23782572</accession-num><urls></urls><custom2>Pmc4396180</custom2><custom6>Nihms677451</custom6><electronic-resource-num>10.1097/MOP.0b013e328362c7a2</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>27 
PWS children are insulin sensitive due to the predominant subcutaneous deposition of fat, and the reduced counter-regulation of endogenous GH. ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Wolfgram</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>15</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">27</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>15</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457195373">15</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Wolfgram, P. M.</author><author>Carrel, A. L.</author><author>Allen, D. B.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine &amp; Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin 53792-4108, USA.</auth-address><titles><title>Long-term effects of recombinant human growth hormone therapy in children with Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>Curr Opin Pediatr</secondary-title><alt-title>Current opinion in pediatrics</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Curr Opin Pediatr</full-title><abbr-1>Current opinion in pediatrics</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Curr Opin Pediatr</full-title><abbr-1>Current opinion in pediatrics</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>509-14</pages><volume>25</volume><number>4</number><edition>2013/06/21</edition><keywords><keyword>Body Composition/drug effects</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Cognition Disorders/drug therapy/etiology</keyword><keyword>Growth/drug effects</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/adverse effects/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*drug therapy/physiopathology/psychology</keyword><keyword>Recombinant Proteins/adverse effects/therapeutic use</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2013</year><pub-dates><date>Aug</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1040-8703</isbn><accession-num>23782572</accession-num><urls></urls><custom2>Pmc4396180</custom2><custom6>Nihms677451</custom6><electronic-resource-num>10.1097/MOP.0b013e328362c7a2</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>27 This may unmask and/or exacerbate glucose intolerance. ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Wolfgram</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>15</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">27</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>15</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457195373">15</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Wolfgram, P. M.</author><author>Carrel, A. L.</author><author>Allen, D. B.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine &amp; Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin 53792-4108, USA.</auth-address><titles><title>Long-term effects of recombinant human growth hormone therapy in children with Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>Curr Opin Pediatr</secondary-title><alt-title>Current opinion in pediatrics</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Curr Opin Pediatr</full-title><abbr-1>Current opinion in pediatrics</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Curr Opin Pediatr</full-title><abbr-1>Current opinion in pediatrics</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>509-14</pages><volume>25</volume><number>4</number><edition>2013/06/21</edition><keywords><keyword>Body Composition/drug effects</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Cognition Disorders/drug therapy/etiology</keyword><keyword>Growth/drug effects</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/adverse effects/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*drug therapy/physiopathology/psychology</keyword><keyword>Recombinant Proteins/adverse effects/therapeutic use</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2013</year><pub-dates><date>Aug</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1040-8703</isbn><accession-num>23782572</accession-num><urls></urls><custom2>Pmc4396180</custom2><custom6>Nihms677451</custom6><electronic-resource-num>10.1097/MOP.0b013e328362c7a2</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>27 However, clinically significant changes in measures of insulin resistance or development of glucose intolerance has not been shown. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 12,27,34
The overall death rate in PWS not treated with GH in a UK study was calculated to be up to 3% per annum. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 7,19,21,25,33,41 This was higher than the 0.13% in the general population. ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Eiholzer</Author><Year>2005</Year><RecNum>31</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">33</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>31</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457724895">31</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Eiholzer, U.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Deaths in children with Prader-Willi syndrome. A contribution to the debate about the safety of growth hormone treatment in children with PWS.</title><secondary-title>Horm Res</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Horm Res</full-title><abbr-1>Hormone research</abbr-1></periodical><pages>33-39</pages><volume>63</volume><number>1</number><dates><year>2005</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>33 The underlying hypothalamic dysfunction accounts for the increased baseline rates of sudden unexplained deaths: morbid obesity, autonomic instability, reduced ventilator sensitivity to hypoxia and hypercarbia. ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Wolfgram</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>15</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">27</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>15</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457195373">15</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Wolfgram, P. M.</author><author>Carrel, A. L.</author><author>Allen, D. B.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine &amp; Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin 53792-4108, USA.</auth-address><titles><title>Long-term effects of recombinant human growth hormone therapy in children with Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>Curr Opin Pediatr</secondary-title><alt-title>Current opinion in pediatrics</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Curr Opin Pediatr</full-title><abbr-1>Current opinion in pediatrics</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Curr Opin Pediatr</full-title><abbr-1>Current opinion in pediatrics</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>509-14</pages><volume>25</volume><number>4</number><edition>2013/06/21</edition><keywords><keyword>Body Composition/drug effects</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Cognition Disorders/drug therapy/etiology</keyword><keyword>Growth/drug effects</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/adverse effects/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*drug therapy/physiopathology/psychology</keyword><keyword>Recombinant Proteins/adverse effects/therapeutic use</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2013</year><pub-dates><date>Aug</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1040-8703</isbn><accession-num>23782572</accession-num><urls></urls><custom2>Pmc4396180</custom2><custom6>Nihms677451</custom6><electronic-resource-num>10.1097/MOP.0b013e328362c7a2</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>27 Infants under one often died of aspiration or hypothalamic dysregulation of respiration; those in early childhood or adolescence from infection; and in adults, complications of morbid obesity. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 4,7,17,20,29,32,42,43
Eiholzer et al first reported the death of a boy 4 months into the GH treatment. ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Eiholzer</Author><Year>2002</Year><RecNum>20</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">4</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>20</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457202584">20</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Eiholzer, U.</author><author>Nordmann, Y.</author><author>L&apos;Allemand, D.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Foundation Growth Puberty Adolescence, Zurich, Switzerland. urs.eiholzer@childgrowth.org</auth-address><titles><title>Fatal outcome of sleep apnoea in PWS during the initial phase of growth hormone treatment. A case report</title><secondary-title>Horm Res</secondary-title><alt-title>Hormone research</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Horm Res</full-title><abbr-1>Hormone research</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Horm Res</full-title><abbr-1>Hormone research</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>24-6</pages><volume>58 Suppl 3</volume><edition>2002/11/19</edition><keywords><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Death, Sudden/*etiology</keyword><keyword>Fatal Outcome</keyword><keyword>Growth Hormone/adverse effects/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant, Newborn</keyword><keyword>Infant, Premature</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*complications/*drug therapy</keyword><keyword>Respiratory Tract Diseases/etiology/physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea Syndromes/*etiology</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2002</year></dates><isbn>0301-0163 (Print)&#xD;0301-0163</isbn><accession-num>12435892</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>66478</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>4 In late 2002, there were multiple reports of sudden deaths in children with PWS treated with GH. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 11,32 The association is difficult to elucidate with the lack of autopsy and the increased rate of sudden rate. Majority of these occurred within 9 months of therapy, usually at night. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 1,7,20-22,27,28,32,33,44 Most of these children were under two years old, had an increased OSA severity, were morbidly obese, or suffered from severe respiratory impairment or infection. Respiratory infection, followed by insufficiency is the leading cause of death in PWS, whether they are treated with GH or not, accounting for 68% and 50-55% respectively. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 7,10,11,22,25,31 
GH is a safe treatment in PWS. Polysomnography and otolaryngology assessments are recommended at baseline and following the start of GH therapy (recommendations varies from 6 weeks to 6 months), or if the patient is symptomatic for SDB. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 20,32 These children should be managed in a multidisciplinary approach with close collaborations between the endocrinologists, otolaryngologists and sleep physicians. 

1.2	Other Medical Treatments
Studies on pharmacologic agents are limited. There are small reports on the use of mazindol (dopamine reuptake inhibitor), orlistat (pancreatic lipase inhibitor), sibutramine (noradrenergic reuptake inhibitor), bupropion (activates central melanocortin pathways) and naltrexone (opioid inhibitor) to control appetite and weight, fluoxetine (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor), to control affective and obsessive symptoms in these children, medroxyprogesterone as a ventilatory stimulant, and stimulants to address the excessive daytime somnolence. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 13,29
Obesity is responsible for the primary abnormalities of ventilation in sleep, and weight reduction has been shown to improve OSA and nocturnal hypoventilation. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 2,13 This may be achieved with strict dietary restrictions, lifestyle modifications (such as locking food cupboards to prevent food stealing), behavioural and psychological treatment. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 2,13,29 
Other behavioural management strategies may be employed. PWS children have an increased need for nocturnal sleep, therefore extending sleep time by increasing the time in bed may reduce EDS. ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Nixon</Author><Year>2002</Year><RecNum>13</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">13</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>13</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457189542">13</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Nixon, G. M.</author><author>Brouillette, R. T.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children&apos;s Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.</auth-address><titles><title>Sleep and breathing in Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>Pediatr Pulmonol</secondary-title><alt-title>Pediatric pulmonology</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Pediatr Pulmonol</full-title><abbr-1>Pediatric pulmonology</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Pediatr Pulmonol</full-title><abbr-1>Pediatric pulmonology</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>209-17</pages><volume>34</volume><number>3</number><edition>2002/08/31</edition><keywords><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Hypoventilation/etiology</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Respiration Disorders/*etiology/physiopathology/therapy</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/etiology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Arousal Disorders/etiology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Wake Disorders/*etiology/physiopathology/therapy</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2002</year><pub-dates><date>Sep</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>8755-6863 (Print)&#xD;1099-0496</isbn><accession-num>12203850</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1002/ppul.10152</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>13 Utilisation of more alert periods may maximise participation in exercise and concentration for learning. ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Nixon</Author><Year>2002</Year><RecNum>13</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">13</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>13</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457189542">13</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Nixon, G. M.</author><author>Brouillette, R. T.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children&apos;s Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.</auth-address><titles><title>Sleep and breathing in Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>Pediatr Pulmonol</secondary-title><alt-title>Pediatric pulmonology</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Pediatr Pulmonol</full-title><abbr-1>Pediatric pulmonology</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Pediatr Pulmonol</full-title><abbr-1>Pediatric pulmonology</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>209-17</pages><volume>34</volume><number>3</number><edition>2002/08/31</edition><keywords><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Hypoventilation/etiology</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Respiration Disorders/*etiology/physiopathology/therapy</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/etiology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Arousal Disorders/etiology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Wake Disorders/*etiology/physiopathology/therapy</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2002</year><pub-dates><date>Sep</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>8755-6863 (Print)&#xD;1099-0496</isbn><accession-num>12203850</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1002/ppul.10152</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>13
Other options include oxygen supplementation for nocturnal desaturations, and continuous positive pressure ventilation. These may not be well tolerated in children. The compliance is improved when combined with behavioural interventions. There is limited evidence on the use of dental device in this setting. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 14

1.3	Surgery
Surgery is the treatment of choice in those with adenotonsillar hypertrophy. Success of adenotonsillectomy in treating children with PWS has been reportedly variable. It has been shown to be beneficial in selected patients with mild to moderate OSA, but some authors also reported benefits in obese ones with severe OSA, bearing in mind that they are high anaesthetic candidates with the concurrent obesity and hypotonia, which may complicate the airway management. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 7,20,23,26,32,45 Other common peri-operative problems include difficult venepuncture, disturbance in thermoregulation, diabetes mellitus, arrhythmia and cor pulmonale. ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Tseng</Author><Year>2003</Year><RecNum>8</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">26</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>8</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457134467">8</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Tseng, C. H.</author><author>Chen, C.</author><author>Wong, C. H.</author><author>Wong, S. Y.</author><author>Wong, K. M.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Children&apos;s Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan, R.O.C.</auth-address><titles><title>Anesthesia for pediatric patients with Prader-Willi syndrome: report of two cases</title><secondary-title>Chang Gung Med J</secondary-title><alt-title>Chang Gung medical journal</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Chang Gung Med J</full-title><abbr-1>Chang Gung medical journal</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Chang Gung Med J</full-title><abbr-1>Chang Gung medical journal</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>453-7</pages><volume>26</volume><number>6</number><edition>2003/09/06</edition><keywords><keyword>Anesthesia, General/*adverse effects</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Intermittent Positive-Pressure Breathing</keyword><keyword>Intraoperative Complications/prevention &amp; control</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*complications</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2003</year><pub-dates><date>Jun</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>2072-0939 (Print)&#xD;2072-0939</isbn><accession-num>12956294</accession-num><urls></urls><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>26 Some authors reported that patients can have continued SDB post-operatively due to either residual OSA with snoring or altered respiratory control with more CSA and periodic breathing. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 32
Sedky et al has shown 46.67% of children had normal AHI post-operatively, which is still lower than the 60-85% rate for children in the general population. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 14 Meyer et al reported similar success in obese PWS to those without PWS, w
ith 30-40% not normalising their AHI after adenotonsillectomy regardless of the degree of pre-operative severity. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 32 Wong CP et al reported not only improvement in the AHI in their patient but also an improvement in the patient�s and family�s quality of life. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 46
Other surgical options include addressing structural abnormalities that may contribute to OSA with nasal surgery, rapid maxillary expansion and mandibular advancement surgeries. These are not well studied in children with PWS. Bariatric surgery have been reported to improve OSA in obese adolescent failing other surgical treatments. ADDIN EN.CITE  ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA 14


CONCLUSION
PWs is a rare genetic disorder frequently associated with a variety of SBD. Children with PWS presents unique challenges in the management of their SDB due to the multi-factorial etiology. GH has been used successfully in the last decade and a half for positively impacting on SDB, but it is not without complications. They would benefit from careful monitoring of their SDB in a multidisciplinary setting, with medical and surgical treatments tailored to their individual needs. 



ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
None.



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$d�a$gdTd����0�^��`�0�gd2V����0��^��`�0�gd2V�%�J�^�_�`�a�c�d�f�g�i�j�l�m����������������������������������jh�#=UmHnHu�*h�%mHnHu�*h�#=jh�#=Uh0+jh0+Uh�A�jh�i9Uh2V�h2V�h2V�h2V�6�21�h:plGC��. ��A!��"��#��$��%�������D|D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Angulo</Author><Year>2015</Year><RecNum>53</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">1-25</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>53</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1458134778">53</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Angulo, M. A.</author><author>Butler, M. G.</author><author>Cataletto, M. 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J.</author><author>Wagner, M.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610-0296, USA. millejl@peds.ufl.edu</auth-address><titles><title>Sleep disordered breathing in infants with Prader-Willi syndrome during the first 6 weeks of growth hormone therapy: a pilot study</title><secondary-title>J Clin Sleep Med</secondary-title><alt-title>Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Clin Sleep Med</full-title><abbr-1>Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Clin Sleep Med</full-title><abbr-1>Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>448-53</pages><volume>5</volume><number>5</number><edition>2009/12/08</edition><keywords><keyword>Comorbidity</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Florida/epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Follow-Up Studies</keyword><keyword>Gastroesophageal Reflux/epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Pilot Projects</keyword><keyword>Polysomnography/statistics &amp; numerical data</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*drug therapy/*epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Risk Factors</keyword><keyword>Severity of Illness Index</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea Syndromes/*epidemiology</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2009</year><pub-dates><date>Oct 15</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1550-9389 (Print)&#xD;1550-9389</isbn><accession-num>19961030</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2762717/pdf/jcsm.5.5.448.pdf</url></related-urls></urls><custom2>Pmc2762717</custom2><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Myers</Author><Year>2007</Year><RecNum>54</RecNum><record><rec-number>54</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1458136587">54</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Myers, S. 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Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.&#xD;ADEP Assistance, Suresnes, France.&#xD;Pediatric Pulmonary Department, AP-HP, Hopital Armand Trousseau, Paris, France.&#xD;Endocrinology Unit, Bambino Gesu Children&apos;s Hospital, Rome, Italy.&#xD;Endocrinology Unit, AP-HP, Hopital Armand Trousseau, Paris, France.&#xD;Endocrinology Unit, Hopitaux pediatriques de Nice CHU-Lenval, Nice, France.&#xD;Lung Function and Sleep Unit, Physiology Department, AP-HP, Hopital Armand Trousseau, Paris, France.&#xD;Pierre et Marie Curie University - Paris 6, Paris, France.&#xD;Pediatric Pulmonary-Allergy Department, Hopitaux pediatriques de Nice CHU-Lenval, Nice, France.&#xD;Universite de Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France.&#xD;Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.&#xD;INSERM U 955, Equipe 13, Creteil, France.</auth-address><titles><title>Sleep disordered breathing in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome: A multicenter study</title><secondary-title>Pediatr Pulmonol</secondary-title><alt-title>Pediatric pulmonology</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Pediatr Pulmonol</full-title><abbr-1>Pediatric pulmonology</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Pediatr Pulmonol</full-title><abbr-1>Pediatric pulmonology</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>1354-9</pages><volume>50</volume><number>12</number><edition>2015/04/09</edition><keywords><keyword>Prader-Willi syndrome</keyword><keyword>growth hormone treatment</keyword><keyword>noninvasive ventilation</keyword><keyword>polygraphy</keyword><keyword>sleep disordered breathing</keywor$0Dd><keyword>upper airway surgery</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2015</year><pub-dates><date>Dec</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1099-0496</isbn><accession-num>25851435</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1002/ppul.23177</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Cohen</Author><Year>2014</Year><RecNum>43</RecNum><record><rec-number>43</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457753567">43</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Cohen, M.</author><author>Hamilton, J.</author><author>Narang, I.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Division of Endocrinology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; The University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.&#xD;The University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Respiratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.</auth-address><titles><title>Clinically important age-related differences in sleep related disordered breathing in infants and children with Prader-Willi Syndrome</title><secondary-title>PLoS One</secondary-title><alt-title>PloS one</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>PLoS One</full-title><abbr-1>PloS one</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>PLoS One</full-title><abbr-1>PloS one</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>e101012</pages><volume>9</volume><number>6</number><edition>2014/07/01</edition><keywords><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Age Factors</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Infant, Newborn</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>*Oxygen Inhalation Therapy</keyword><keyword>Polysomnography</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications/diagnosis/*physiopathology/therapy</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Central/complications/diagnosis/*physiopathology/therapy</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/complications/diagnosis/*physiopathology/therapy</keyword><keyword>Treatment Outcome</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2014</year></dates><isbn>1932-6203</isbn><accession-num>24979549</accession-num><urls></urls><custom2>Pmc4076199</custom2><electronic-resource-num>10.1371/journal.pone.0101012</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Van Vliet</Author><Year>2004</Year><RecNum>50</RecNum><record><rec-number>50</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457805579">50</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Van Vliet, G.</author><author>Deal, C. 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control</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications/*drug therapy/physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Young Adult</keyword><keyword>Prader Willi syndrome</keyword><keyword>growth hormone</keyword><keyword>hyperphagia</keyword><keyword>obesity</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2014</year><pub-dates><date>Feb</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0003-9888</isbn><accession-num>24162007</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1136/archdischild-2013-303760</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Stevenson</Author><Year>2004</Year><RecNum>51</RecNum><record><rec-number>51</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457808561">51</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Stevenson, D. 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L.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Departments of Pediatrics and Pathology, Sainte-Justine Hospital and Research Center, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. gvanvliet@justine.umontreal.ca</auth-address><titles><title>Sudden death in growth hormone-treated children with Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>J Pediatr</secondary-title><alt-title>The Journal of pediatrics</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Pediatr</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of pediatrics</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Pediatr</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of pediatrics</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>129-31</pages><volume>144</volume><number>1</number><edition>2004/01/15</edition><keywords><keyword>Bronchopneumonia/*chemically induced</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Death, Sudden/*etiology</keyword><keyword>Fatal Outcome</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/*adverse effects/contraindications/therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*drug therapy</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2004</year><pub-dates><date>Jan</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0022-3476 (Print)&#xD;0022-3476</isbn><accession-num>14722532</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1016/j.jpeds.2003.09.049</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Sacco</Author><Year>2005</Year><RecNum>39</RecNum><record><rec-number>39</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457750927">39</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Sacco, M.</author><author>Di Giorgio, G.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Division of Paediatrics, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy. micheleacco2001@yahoo.it</auth-address><titles><title>Sudden death in Prader-Willi syndrome during growth hormone therapy</title><secondary-title>Horm Res</secondary-title><alt-title>Hormone research</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Horm Res</full-title><abbr-1>Hormone research</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Horm Res</full-title><abbr-1>Hormone research</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>29-32</pages><volume>63</volume><number>1</number><edition>2004/12/08</edition><keywords><keyword>Aging/physiology</keyword><keyword>Body Height/physiology</keyword><keyword>Body Weight/physiology</keyword><keyword>Combined Modality Therapy</keyword><keyword>Death, Sudden/*etiology</keyword><keyword>Genotype</keyword><keyword>Growth/drug effects</keyword><keyword>Growth Hormone/*adverse effects/therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*complications/drug therapy</keyword><keyword>Tomography, X-Ray Computed</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2005</year></dates><isbn>0301-0163 (Print)&#xD;0301-0163</isbn><accession-num>15583479</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1159/000082525</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Bridges</Author><Year>2014</Year><RecNum>45</RecNum><record><rec-number>45</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457763113">45</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Bridges, N.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>What is the value of growth hormone therapy in Prader Willi syndrome?</title><secondary-title>Arch Dis Child</secondary-title><alt-title>Archives of disease in childhood</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Arch Dis Child</full-title><abbr-1>Archives of disease in childhood</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Arch Dis Child</full-title><abbr-1>Archives of disease in childhood</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>166-70</pages><volume>99</volume><number>2</number><edition>2013/10/29</edition><keywords><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/adverse effects/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Obesity/prevention &amp; 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Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Miller, J.</author><author>Wagner, M.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Prader-Willi syndrome and sleep-disordered breathing</title><secondary-title>Pediatr Ann</secondary-title><alt-title>Pediatric annals</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Pediatr Ann</full-title><abbr-1>Pediatric annals</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Pediatr Ann</full-title><abbr-1>Pediatric annals</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>200-4</pages><volume>42</volume><number>10</number><edition>2013/10/16</edition><keywords><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Polysomnography</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*complications/diagnosis/drug therapy</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea Syndromes/*complications/diagnosis/drug therapy</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2013</year><pub-dates><date>Oct</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0090-4481 (Print)&#xD;0090-4481</isbn><accession-num>24126982</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.3928/00904481-20130924-10</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>@D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Bruni</Author><Year>2010</Year><RecNum>10</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">2,8,32</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>10</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457158656">10</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Bruni, O.</author><author>Verrillo, E.</author><author>Novelli, L.</author><author>Ferri, R.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Developmental Neurology and Psychiatry, Centre for Pediatric Sleep Disorders, Sapienza University, Via dei Sabelli 108, Rome, Italy. oliviero.bruni@uniroma1.it</auth-address><titles><title>Prader-Willi syndrome: sorting out the relationships between obesity, hypersomnia, and sleep apnea</title><secondary-title>Curr Opin Pulm Med</secondary-title><alt-title>Current opinion in pulmonary medicine</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Curr Opin Pulm Med</full-title><abbr-1>Current opinion in pulmonary medicine</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Curr Opin Pulm Med</full-title><abbr-1>Current opinion in pulmonary medicine</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>568-73</pages><volume>16</volume><number>6</number><edition>2010/09/04</edition><keywords><keyword>Comorbidity</keyword><keyword>Disorders of Excessive Somnolence/epidemiology/etiology/*physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Hypothalamus/physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Obesity/epidemiology/*physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications/epidemiology/*physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/epidemiology/*physiopathology</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2010</year><pub-dates><date>Nov</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1070-5287</isbn><accession-num>20814307</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1097/MCP.0b013e32833ef547</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Meyer</Author><Year>2012</Year><RecNum>11</RecNum><record><rec-number>11</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457185376">11</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Meyer, S. L.</author><author>Splaingard, M.</author><author>Repaske, D. R.</author><author>Zipf, W.</author><author>Atkins, J.</author><author>Jatana, K.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Outcomes of adenotonsillectomy in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg</secondary-title><alt-title>Archives of otolaryngology--head &amp; neck surgery</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg</full-title><abbr-1>Archives of otolaryngology--head &amp; neck surgery</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg</full-title><abbr-1>Archives of otolaryngology--head &amp; neck surgery</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>1047-51</pages><volume>138</volume><number>11</number><edition>2012/11/21</edition><keywords><keyword>Adenoidectomy/*methods</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Cohort Studies</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Follow-Up Studies</keyword><keyword>Hospitals, Pediatric</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Polysomnography/methods</keyword><keyword>Postoperative Care/methods</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications/diagnosis/*surgery</keyword><keyword>Retrospective Studies</keyword><keyword>Risk Assessment</keyword><keyword>Severity of Illness Index</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea Syndromes/diagnosis/etiology/*surgery</keyword><keyword>Tonsillectomy/*methods</keyword><keyword>Treatment Outcome</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2012</year><pub-dates><date>Nov</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0886-4470</isbn><accession-num>23165379</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1001/2013.jamaoto.64</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Cohen</Author><Year>2014</Year><RecNum>43</RecNum><record><rec-number>43</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457753567">43</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Cohen, M.</author><author>Hamilton, J.</author><author>Narang, I.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Division of Endocrinology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; The University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.&#xD;The University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Respiratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.</auth-address><titles><title>Clinically important age-related differences in sleep related disordered breathing in infants and children with Prader-Willi Syndrome</title><secondary-title>PLoS One</secondary-title><alt-title>PloS one</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>PLoS One</full-title><abbr-1>PloS one</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>PLoS One</full-title><abbr-1>PloS one</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>e101012</pages><volume>9</volume><number>6</number><edition>2014/07/01</edition><keywords><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Age Factors</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Infant, Newborn</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>*Oxygen Inhalation Therapy</keyword><keyword>Polysomnography</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications/diagnosis/*physiopathology/therapy</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Central/complications/diagnosis/*physiopathology/therapy</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/complications/diagnosis/*physiopathology/therapy</keyword><keyword>Treatment Outcome</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2014</year></dates><isbn>1932-6203</isbn><accession-num>24979549</accession-num><urls></urls><custom2>Pmc4076199</custom2><electronic-resource-num>10.1371/journal.pone.0101012</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>@D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Bruni</Author><Year>2010</Year><RecNum>10</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">2,8,32</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>10</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457158656">10</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Bruni, O.</author><author>Verrillo, E.</author><author>Novelli, L.</author><author>Ferri, R.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Developmental Neurology and Psychiatry, Centre for Pediatric Sleep Disorders, Sapienza University, Via dei Sabelli 108, Rome, Italy. oliviero.bruni@uniroma1.it</auth-address><titles><title>Prader-Willi syndrome: sorting out the relationships between obesity, hypersomnia, and sleep apnea</title><secondary-title>Curr Opin Pulm Med</secondary-title><alt-title>Current opinion in pulmonary medicine</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Curr Opin Pulm Med</full-title><abbr-1>Current opinion in pulmonary medicine</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Curr Opin Pulm Med</full-title><abbr-1>Current opinion in pulmonary medicine</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>568-73</pages><volume>16</volume><number>6</number><edition>2010/09/04</edition><keywords><keyword>Comorbidity</keyword><keyword>Disorders of Excessive Somnolence/epidemiology/etiology/*physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Hypothalamus/physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Obesity/epidemiology/*physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications/epidemiology/*physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/epidemiology/*physiopathology</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2010</year><pub-dates><date>Nov</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1070-5287</isbn><accession-num>20814307</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1097/MCP.0b013e32833ef547</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Meyer</Author><Year>2012</Year><RecNum>11</RecNum><record><rec-number>11</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457185376">11</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Meyer, S. L.</author><author>Splaingard, M.</author><author>Repaske, D. R.</author><author>Zipf, W.</author><author>Atkins, J.</author><author>Jatana, K.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Outcomes of adenotonsillectomy in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg</secondary-title><alt-title>Archives of otolaryngology--head &amp; neck surgery</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg</full-title><abbr-1>Archives of otolaryngology--head &amp; neck surgery</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg</full-title><abbr-1>Archives of otolaryngology--head &amp; neck surgery</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>1047-51</pages><volume>138</volume><number>11</number><edition>2012/11/21</edition><keywords><keyword>Adenoidectomy/*methods</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Cohort Studies</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Follow-Up Studies</keyword><keyword>Hospitals, Pediatric</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Polysomnography/methods</keyword><keyword>Postoperative Care/methods</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications/diagnosis/*surgery</keyword><keyword>Retrospective Studies</keyword><keyword>Risk Assessment</keyword><keyword>Severity of Illness Index</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea Syndromes/diagnosis/etiology/*surgery</keyword><keyword>Tonsillectomy/*methods</keyword><keyword>Treatment Outcome</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2012</year><pub-dates><date>Nov</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0886-4470</isbn><accession-num>23165379</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1001/2013.jamaoto.64</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Cohen</Author><Year>2014</Year><RecNum>43</RecNum><record><rec-number>43</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457753567">43</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Cohen, M.</author><author>Hamilton, J.</author><author>Narang, I.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Division of Endocrinology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; The University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.&#xD;The University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Respiratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.</auth-address><titles><title>Clinically important age-related differences in sleep related disordered breathing in infants and children with Prader-Willi Syndrome</title><secondary-title>PLoS One</secondary-title><alt-title>PloS one</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>PLoS One</full-title><abbr-1>PloS one</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>PLoS One</full-title><abbr-1>PloS one</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>e101012</pages><volume>9</volume><number>6</number><edition>2014/07/01</edition><keywords><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Age Factors</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Infant, Newborn</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>*Oxygen Inhalation Therapy</keyword><keyword>Polysomnography</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications/diagnosis/*physiopathology/therapy</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Central/complications/diagnosis/*physiopathology/therapy</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/complications/diagnosis/*physiopathology/therapy</keyword><keyword>Treatment Outcome</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2014</year></dates><isbn>1932-6203</isbn><accession-num>24979549</accession-num><urls></urls><custom2>Pmc4076199</custom2><electronic-resource-num>10.1371/journal.pone.0101012</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>	D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Meyer</Author><Year>2012</Year><RecNum>11</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">32</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>11</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457185376">11</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Meyer, S. 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Syndrome/complications/*drug therapy/pathology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/*etiology/pathology</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2013</year><pub-dates><date>Sep</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0021-972x</isbn><accession-num>23894156</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1210/jc.2013-1831</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Bruni</Author><Year>2010</Year><RecNum>10</RecNum><record><rec-number>10</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457158656">10</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Bruni, O.</author><author>Verrillo, E.</author><author>Novelli, L.</author><author>Ferri, R.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Developmental Neurology and Psychiatry, Centre for Pediatric Sleep Disorders, Sapienza University, Via dei Sabelli 108, Rome, Italy. oliviero.bruni@uniroma1.it</auth-address><titles><title>Prader-Willi syndrome: sorting out the relationships between obesity, hypersomnia, and sleep apnea</title><secondary-title>Curr Opin Pulm Med</secondary-title><alt-title>Current opinion in pulmonary medicine</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Curr Opin Pulm Med</full-title><abbr-1>Current opinion in pulmonary medicine</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Curr Opin Pulm Med</full-title><abbr-1>Current opinion in pulmonary medicine</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>568-73</pages><volume>16</volume><number>6</number><edition>2010/09/04</edition><keywords><keyword>Comorbidity</keyword><keyword>Disorders of Excessive Somnolence/epidemiology/etiology/*physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Hypothalamus/physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Obesity/epidemiology/*physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi 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H.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97201, USA. haqq0001@mc.duke.edu</auth-address><titles><title>Effects of growth hormone on pulmonary function, sleep quality, behavior, cognition, growth velocity, body composition, and resting energy expenditure in Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</secondary-title><alt-title>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>2206-12</pages><volume>88</volume><number>5</number><edition>2003/05/03</edition><keywords><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Age Determination by Skeleton</keyword><keyword>Behavior/drug effects</keyword><keyword>Body Composition/*drug effects</keyword><keyword>Body Height</keyword><keyword>Body Weight</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Cognition/drug effects</keyword><keyword>Double-Blind Method</keyword><keyword>Energy Metabolism/*drug effects</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Growth/drug effects</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Lung/drug effects/*physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Placebos</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*drug therapy/physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Sleep/*drug effects</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2003</year><pub-dates><date>May</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0021-972X (Print)&#xD;0021-972x</isbn><accession-num>12727976</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1210/jc.2002-021536</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Colmenares</Author><Year>2011</Year><RecNum>22</RecNum><record><rec-number>22</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457202962">22</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Colmenares, A.</author><author>Pinto, G.</author><author>Taupin, P.</author><author>Giuseppe, A.</author><author>Odent, T.</author><author>Trivin, C.</author><author>Laborde, K.</author><author>Souberbielle, J. 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C.</author><author>Tauber, M.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Investigative Medicine, Medical Research Center Clinical Sciences Centre and Endocrine Unit, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, UK.</auth-address><titles><title>Recommendations for the diagnosis and management of Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</secondary-title><alt-title>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>4183-97</pages><volume>93</volume><number>11</number><edition>2008/08/14</edition><keywords><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15/genetics</keyword><keyword>DNA Methylation</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Genetic Counseling</keyword><keyword>Genetic Testing/methods/standards</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Lymphocytes/physiology</keyword><keyword>Nuclear Proteins/genetics</keyword><keyword>Parent-Child Relations</keyword><keyword>Patient Care Team</keyword><keyword>Practice Guidelines as Topic</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*diagnosis/genetics/psychology/therapy</keyword><keyword>Pregnancy</keyword><keyword>Prenatal Diagnosis</keyword><keyword>Translocation, Genetic</keyword><keyword>snRNP Core Proteins/genetics</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2008</year><pub-dates><date>Nov</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0021-972X (Print)&#xD;0021-972x</isbn><accession-num>18697869</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1210/jc.2008-0649</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Goldstone</Author><Year>2008</Year><RecNum>27</RecNum><record><rec-number>27</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457212809">27</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Goldstone, A. 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C.</author><author>Tauber, M.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Investigative Medicine, Medical Research Center Clinical Sciences Centre and Endocrine Unit, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, UK.</auth-address><titles><title>Recommendations for the diagnosis and management of Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</secondary-title><alt-title>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>4183-97</pages><volume>93</volume><number>11</number><edition>2008/08/14</edition><keywords><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15/genetics</keyword><keyword>DNA Methylation</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Genetic Counseling</keyword><keyword>Genetic Testing/methods/standards</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Lymphocytes/physiology</keyword><keyword>Nuclear Proteins/genetics</keyword><keyword>Parent-Child Relations</keyword><keyword>Patient Care Team</keyword><keyword>Practice Guidelines as Topic</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*diagnosis/genetics/psychology/therapy</keyword><keyword>Pregnancy</keyword><keyword>Prenatal Diagnosis</keyword><keyword>Translocation, Genetic</keyword><keyword>snRNP Core Proteins/genetics</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2008</year><pub-dates><date>Nov</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0021-972X (Print)&#xD;0021-972x</isbn><accession-num>18697869</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1210/jc.2008-0649</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Vandeleur</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>44</RecNum><record><rec-number>44</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457755797">44</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Vandeleur, M.</author><author>Davey, M. 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M.</author><author>Stadler, D. D.</author><author>Jackson, R. H.</author><author>Rosenfeld, R. G.</author><author>Purnell, J. Q.</author><author>LaFranchi, S. H.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97201, USA. haqq0001@mc.duke.edu</auth-address><titles><title>Effects of growth hormone on pulmonary function, sleep quality, behavior, cognition, growth velocity, body composition, and resting energy expenditure in Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</secondary-title><alt-title>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>2206-12</pages><volume>88</volume><number>5</number><edition>2003/05/03</edition><keywords><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Age Determination by Skeleton</keyword><keyword>Behavior/drug effects</keyword><keyword>Body Composition/*drug effects</keyword><keyword>Body Height</keyword><keyword>Body Weight</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Cognition/drug effects</keyword><keyword>Double-Blind Method</keyword><keyword>Energy Metabolism/*drug effects</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Growth/drug effects</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Lung/drug effects/*physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Placebos</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*drug therapy/physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Sleep/*drug effects</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2003</year><pub-dates><date>May</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0021-972X (Print)&#xD;0021-972x</isbn><accession-num>12727976</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1210/jc.2002-021536</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Colmenares</Author><Year>2011</Year><RecNum>22</RecNum><record><rec-number>22</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457202962">22</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Colmenares, A.</author><author>Pinto, G.</author><author>Taupin, P.</author><author>Giuseppe, A.</author><author>Odent, T.</author><author>Trivin, C.</author><author>Laborde, K.</author><author>Souberbielle, J. 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E.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Pediatrics, Winthrop University Hospital, 101 Mineola Blvd, 2nd Floor, Mineola, NY, 11501, USA. moris.angulo@gmail.com.&#xD;Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Pediatrics, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, MS 4015, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA. mbutler4@kumc.edu.&#xD;Department of Pediatrics, Winthrop University Hospital, 120 Mineola Blvd, Suite210, Mineola, NY, 11501, USA. mcataletto@winthrop.org.</auth-address><titles><title>Prader-Willi syndrome: a review of clinical, genetic, and endocrine findings</title><secondary-title>J Endocrinol Invest</secondary-title><alt-title>Journal of endocrinological investigation</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Endocrinol Invest</full-title><abbr-1>Journal of endocrinological investigation</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Endocrinol Invest</full-title><abbr-1>Journal of endocrinological investigation</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>1249-63</pages><volume>38</volume><number>12</number><edition>2015/06/13</edition><keywords><keyword>Chromosome 15 abnormalities</keyword><keyword>Endocrine disturbances</keyword><keyword>Genomic imprinting</keyword><keyword>Hypogonadism</keyword><keyword>Obesity</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi syndrome</keyword><keyword>Short stature</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2015</year><pub-dates><date>Dec</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0391-4097</isbn><accession-num>26062517</accession-num><urls></urls><custom2>Pmc4630255</custom2><electronic-resource-num>10.1007/s40618-015-0312-9</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>�D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Miller</Author><Year>2006</Year><RecNum>3</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">13,16,20</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>3</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1456863151">3</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Miller, J.</author><author>Silverstein, J.</author><author>Shuster, J.</author><author>Driscoll, D. J.</author><author>Wagner, M.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Florida, Box 100296, J. Hillis Miller Medical Center, Gainesville, FL 32610-0296, USA. millejl@peds.ufl.edu</auth-address><titles><title>Short-term effects of growth hormone on sleep abnormalities in Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</secondary-title><alt-title>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>413-7</pages><volume>91</volume><number>2</number><edition>2005/12/01</edition><keywords><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/*adverse effects/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/metabolism</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Polysomnography</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications/*drug therapy/metabolism</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Central/*chemically induced/etiology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/*chemically induced/etiology</keyword><keyword>Statistics, Nonparametric</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2006</year><pub-dates><date>Feb</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0021-972X (Print)&#xD;0021-972x</isbn><accession-num>16317059</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1210/jc.2005-1279</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Nixon</Author><Year>2002</Year><RecNum>13</RecNum><record><rec-number>13</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457189542">13</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Nixon, G. M.</author><author>Brouillette, R. T.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children&apos;s Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.</auth-address><titles><title>Sleep and breathing in Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>Pediatr Pulmonol</secondary-title><alt-title>Pediatric pulmonology</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Pediatr Pulmonol</full-title><abbr-1>Pediatric pulmonology</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Pediatr Pulmonol</full-title><abbr-1>Pediatric pulmonology</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>209-17</pages><volume>34</volume><number>3</number><edition>2002/08/31</edition><keywords><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Hypoventilation/etiology</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Respiration Disorders/*etiology/physiopathology/therapy</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/etiology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Arousal Disorders/etiology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Wake Disorders/*etiology/physiopathology/therapy</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2002</year><pub-dates><date>Sep</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>8755-6863 (Print)&#xD;1099-0496</isbn><accession-num>12203850</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1002/ppul.10152</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Berini</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>5</RecNum><record><rec-number>5</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1456863151">5</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Berini, J.</author><author>Spica Russotto, V.</author><author>Castelnuovo, P.</author><author>Di Candia, S.</author><author>Gargantini, L.</author><author>Grugni, G.</author><author>Iughetti, L.</author><author>Nespoli, L.</author><author>Nosetti, L.</author><author>Padoan, G.</author><author>Pilotta, A.</author><author>Trifiro, G.</author><author>Chiumello, G.</author><author>Salvatoni, A.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Pediatric Unit, Ospedale Del Ponte, Insubria University, 21100 Varese, Italy.</auth-address><titles><title>Growth hormone therapy and respiratory disorders: long-term follow-up in PWS children</title><secondary-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</secondary-title><alt-title>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>E1516-23</pages><volume>98</volume><number>9</number><edition>2013/07/31</edition><keywords><keyword>Adenoids/*pathology</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Hormone Replacement Therapy/*adverse effects</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/*adverse effects/therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Hypertrophy/chemically induced</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Palatine Tonsil/*pathology</keyword><keyword>Polysomnography</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications/*drug therapy/pathology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/*etiology/pathology</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2013</year><pub-dates><date>Sep</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0021-972x</isbn><accession-num>23894156</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1210/jc.2013-1831</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>�D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Miller</Author><Year>2006</Year><RecNum>3</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">13,16,20</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>3</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1456863151">3</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Miller, J.</author><author>Silverstein, J.</author><author>Shuster, J.</author><author>Driscoll, D. J.</author><author>Wagner, M.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Florida, Box 100296, J. Hillis Miller Medical Center, Gainesville, FL 32610-0296, USA. millejl@peds.ufl.edu</auth-address><titles><title>Short-term effects of growth hormone on sleep abnormalities in Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</secondary-title><alt-title>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>413-7</pages><volume>91</volume><number>2</number><edition>2005/12/01</edition><keywords><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/*adverse effects/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/metabolism</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Polysomnography</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications/*drug therapy/metabolism</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Central/*chemically induced/etiology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/*chemically induced/etiology</keyword><keyword>Statistics, Nonparametric</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2006</year><pub-dates><date>Feb</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0021-972X (Print)&#xD;0021-972x</isbn><accession-num>16317059</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1210/jc.2005-1279</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Nixon</Author><Year>2002</Year><RecNum>13</RecNum><record><rec-number>13</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457189542">13</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Nixon, G. M.</author><author>Brouillette, R. T.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children&apos;s Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.</auth-address><titles><title>Sleep and breathing in Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>Pediatr Pulmonol</secondary-title><alt-title>Pediatric pulmonology</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Pediatr Pulmonol</full-title><abbr-1>Pediatric pulmonology</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Pediatr Pulmonol</full-title><abbr-1>Pediatric pulmonology</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>209-17</pages><volume>34</volume><number>3</number><edition>2002/08/31</edition><keywords><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Hypoventilation/etiology</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Respiration Disorders/*etiology/physiopathology/therapy</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/etiology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Arousal Disorders/etiology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Wake Disorders/*etiology/physiopathology/therapy</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2002</year><pub-dates><date>Sep</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>8755-6863 (Print)&#xD;1099-0496</isbn><accession-num>12203850</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1002/ppul.10152</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Berini</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>5</RecNum><record><rec-number>5</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1456863151">5</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Berini, J.</author><author>Spica Russotto, V.</author><author>Castelnuovo, P.</author><author>Di Candia, S.</author><author>Gargantini, L.</author><author>Grugni, G.</author><author>Iughetti, L.</author><author>Nespoli, L.</author><author>Nosetti, L.</author><author>Padoan, G.</author><author>Pilotta, A.</author><author>Trifiro, G.</author><author>Chiumello, G.</author><author>Salvatoni, A.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Pediatric Unit, Ospedale Del Ponte, Insubria University, 21100 Varese, Italy.</auth-address><titles><title>Growth hormone therapy and respiratory disorders: long-term follow-up in PWS children</title><secondary-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</secondary-title><alt-title>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>E1516-23</pages><volume>98</volume><number>9</number><edition>2013/07/31</edition><keywords><keyword>Adenoids/*pathology</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Hormone Replacement Therapy/*adverse effects</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/*adverse effects/therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Hypertrophy/chemically induced</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Palatine Tonsil/*pathology</keyword><keyword>Polysomnography</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications/*drug therapy/pathology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/*etiology/pathology</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2013</year><pub-dates><date>Sep</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0021-972x</isbn><accession-num>23894156</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1210/jc.2013-1831</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>n	D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Miller</Author><Year>2006</Year><RecNum>3</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">20</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>3</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1456863151">3</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Miller, J.</author><author>Silverstein, J.</author><author>Shuster, J.</author><author>Driscoll, D. J.</author><author>Wagner, M.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Florida, Box 100296, J. Hillis Miller Medical Center, Gainesville, FL 32610-0296, USA. millejl@peds.ufl.edu</auth-address><titles><title>Short-term effects of growth hormone on sleep abnormalities in Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</secondary-title><alt-title>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>413-7</pages><volume>91</volume><number>2</number><edition>2005/12/01</edition><keywords><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/*adverse effects/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/metabolism</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Polysomnography</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications/*drug therapy/metabolism</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Central/*chemically induced/etiology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/*chemically induced/etiology</keyword><keyword>Statistics, Nonparametric</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2006</year><pub-dates><date>Feb</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0021-972X (Print)&#xD;0021-972x</isbn><accession-num>16317059</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1210/jc.2005-1279</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>n	D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Miller</Author><Year>2006</Year><RecNum>3</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">20</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>3</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1456863151">3</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Miller, J.</author><author>Silverstein, J.</author><author>Shuster, J.</author><author>Driscoll, D. J.</author><author>Wagner, M.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Florida, Box 100296, J. Hillis Miller Medical Center, Gainesville, FL 32610-0296, USA. millejl@peds.ufl.edu</auth-address><titles><title>Short-term effects of growth hormone on sleep abnormalities in Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</secondary-title><alt-title>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>413-7</pages><volume>91</volume><number>2</number><edition>2005/12/01</edition><keywords><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/*adverse effects/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/metabolism</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Polysomnography</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications/*drug therapy/metabolism</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Central/*chemically induced/etiology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/*chemically induced/etiology</keyword><keyword>Statistics, Nonparametric</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2006</year><pub-dates><date>Feb</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0021-972X (Print)&#xD;0021-972x</isbn><accession-num>16317059</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1210/jc.2005-1279</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>�D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Angulo</Author><Year>2015</Year><RecNum>53</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">1</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>53</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1458134778">53</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Angulo, M. A.</author><author>Butler, M. G.</author><author>Cataletto, M. E.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Pediatrics, Winthrop University Hospital, 101 Mineola Blvd, 2nd Floor, Mineola, NY, 11501, USA. moris.angulo@gmail.com.&#xD;Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Pediatrics, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, MS 4015, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA. mbutler4@kumc.edu.&#xD;Department of Pediatrics, Winthrop University Hospital, 120 Mineola Blvd, Suite210, Mineola, NY, 11501, USA. mcataletto@winthrop.org.</auth-address><titles><title>Prader-Willi syndrome: a review of clinical, genetic, and endocrine findings</title><secondary-title>J Endocrinol Invest</secondary-title><alt-title>Journal of endocrinological investigation</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Endocrinol Invest</full-title><abbr-1>Journal of endocrinological investigation</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Endocrinol Invest</full-title><abbr-1>Journal of endocrinological investigation</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>1249-63</pages><volume>38</volume><number>12</number><edition>2015/06/13</edition><keywords><keyword>Chromosome 15 abnormalities</keyword><keyword>Endocrine disturbances</keyword><keyword>Genomic imprinting</keyword><keyword>Hypogonadism</keyword><keyword>Obesity</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi syndrome</keyword><keyword>Short stature</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2015</year><pub-dates><date>Dec</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0391-4097</isbn><accession-num>26062517</accession-num><urls></urls><custom2>Pmc4630255</custom2><electronic-resource-num>10.1007/s40618-015-0312-9</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>�D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Angulo</Author><Year>2015</Year><RecNum>53</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">1</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>53</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1458134778">53</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Angulo, M. A.</author><author>Butler, M. G.</author><author>Cataletto, M. E.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Pediatrics, Winthrop University Hospital, 101 Mineola Blvd, 2nd Floor, Mineola, NY, 11501, USA. moris.angulo@gmail.com.&#xD;Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Pediatrics, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, MS 4015, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA. mbutler4@kumc.edu.&#xD;Department of Pediatrics, Winthrop University Hospital, 120 Mineola Blvd, Suite210, Mineola, NY, 11501, USA. mcataletto@winthrop.org.</auth-address><titles><title>Prader-Willi syndrome: a review of clinical, genetic, and endocrine findings</title><secondary-title>J Endocrinol Invest</secondary-title><alt-title>Journal of endocrinological investigation</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Endocrinol Invest</full-title><abbr-1>Journal of endocrinological investigation</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Endocrinol Invest</full-title><abbr-1>Journal of endocrinological investigation</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>1249-63</pages><volume>38</volume><number>12</number><edition>2015/06/13</edition><keywords><keyword>Chromosome 15 abnormalities</keyword><keyword>Endocrine disturbances</keyword><keyword>Genomic imprinting</keyword><keyword>Hypogonadism</keyword><keyword>Obesity</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi syndrome</keyword><keyword>Short stature</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2015</year><pub-dates><date>Dec</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0391-4097</isbn><accession-num>26062517</accession-num><urls></urls><custom2>Pmc4630255</custom2><electronic-resource-num>10.1007/s40618-015-0312-9</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>n	D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Miller</Author><Year>2006</Year><RecNum>3</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">20</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>3</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1456863151">3</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Miller, J.</author><author>Silverstein, J.</author><author>Shuster, J.</author><author>Driscoll, D. J.</author><author>Wagner, M.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Florida, Box 100296, J. Hillis Miller Medical Center, Gainesville, FL 32610-0296, USA. millejl@peds.ufl.edu</auth-address><titles><title>Short-term effects of growth hormone on sleep abnormalities in Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</secondary-title><alt-title>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>413-7</pages><volume>91</volume><number>2</number><edition>2005/12/01</edition><keywords><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/*adverse effects/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/metabolism</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Polysomnography</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications/*drug therapy/metabolism</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Central/*chemically induced/etiology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/*chemically induced/etiology</keyword><keyword>Statistics, Nonparametric</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2006</year><pub-dates><date>Feb</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0021-972X (Print)&#xD;0021-972x</isbn><accession-num>16317059</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1210/jc.2005-1279</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>n	D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Miller</Author><Year>2006</Year><RecNum>3</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">20</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>3</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1456863151">3</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Miller, J.</author><author>Silverstein, J.</author><author>Shuster, J.</author><author>Driscoll, D. J.</author><author>Wagner, M.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Florida, Box 100296, J. Hillis Miller Medical Center, Gainesville, FL 32610-0296, USA. millejl@peds.ufl.edu</auth-address><titles><title>Short-term effects of growth hormone on sleep abnormalities in Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</secondary-title><alt-title>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>413-7</pages><volume>91</volume><number>2</number><edition>2005/12/01</edition><keywords><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/*adverse effects/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/metabolism</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Polysomnography</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications/*drug therapy/metabolism</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Central/*chemically induced/etiology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/*chemically induced/etiology</keyword><keyword>Statistics, Nonparametric</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2006</year><pub-dates><date>Feb</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0021-972X (Print)&#xD;0021-972x</isbn><accession-num>16317059</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1210/jc.2005-1279</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>n	D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Miller</Author><Year>2006</Year><RecNum>3</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">20</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>3</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1456863151">3</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Miller, J.</author><author>Silverstein, J.</author><author>Shuster, J.</author><author>Driscoll, D. J.</author><author>Wagner, M.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Florida, Box 100296, J. Hillis Miller Medical Center, Gainesville, FL 32610-0296, USA. millejl@peds.ufl.edu</auth-address><titles><title>Short-term effects of growth hormone on sleep abnormalities in Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</secondary-title><alt-title>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>413-7</pages><volume>91</volume><number>2</number><edition>2005/12/01</edition><keywords><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/*adverse effects/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/metabolism</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Polysomnography</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications/*drug therapy/metabolism</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Central/*chemically induced/etiology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/*chemically induced/etiology</keyword><keyword>Statistics, Nonparametric</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2006</year><pub-dates><date>Feb</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0021-972X (Print)&#xD;0021-972x</isbn><accession-num>16317059</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1210/jc.2005-1279</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>n	D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Miller</Author><Year>2006</Year><RecNum>3</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">20</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>3</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1456863151">3</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Miller, J.</author><author>Silverstein, J.</author><author>Shuster, J.</author><author>Driscoll, D. J.</author><author>Wagner, M.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Florida, Box 100296, J. Hillis Miller Medical Center, Gainesville, FL 32610-0296, USA. millejl@peds.ufl.edu</auth-address><titles><title>Short-term effects of growth hormone on sleep abnormalities in Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</secondary-title><alt-title>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>413-7</pages><volume>91</volume><number>2</number><edition>2005/12/01</edition><keywords><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/*adverse effects/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/metabolism</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Polysomnography</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications/*drug therapy/metabolism</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Central/*chemically induced/etiology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/*chemically induced/etiology</keyword><keyword>Statistics, Nonparametric</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2006</year><pub-dates><date>Feb</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0021-972X (Print)&#xD;0021-972x</isbn><accession-num>16317059</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1210/jc.2005-1279</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>p
D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Miller</Author><Year>2009</Year><RecNum>2</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">21</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>2</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1456279306">2</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Miller, J. L.</author><author>Shuster, J.</author><author>Theriaque, D.</author><author>Driscoll, D. J.</author><author>Wagner, M.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610-0296, USA. millejl@peds.ufl.edu</auth-address><titles><title>Sleep disordered breathing in infants with Prader-Willi syndrome during the first 6 weeks of growth hormone therapy: a pilot study</title><secondary-title>J Clin Sleep Med</secondary-title><alt-title>Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Clin Sleep Med</full-title><abbr-1>Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Clin Sleep Med</full-title><abbr-1>Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>448-53</pages><volume>5</volume><number>5</number><edition>2009/12/08</edition><keywords><keyword>Comorbidity</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Florida/epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Follow-Up Studies</keyword><keyword>Gastroesophageal Reflux/epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Pilot Projects</keyword><keyword>Polysomnography/statistics &amp; numerical data</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*drug therapy/*epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Risk Factors</keyword><keyword>Severity of Illness Index</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea Syndromes/*epidemiology</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2009</year><pub-dates><date>Oct 15</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1550-9389 (Print)&#xD;1550-9389</isbn><accession-num>19961030</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2762717/pdf/jcsm.5.5.448.pdf</url></related-urls></urls><custom2>Pmc2762717</custom2><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>p
D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Miller</Author><Year>2009</Year><RecNum>2</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">21</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>2</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1456279306">2</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Miller, J. L.</author><author>Shuster, J.</author><author>Theriaque, D.</author><author>Driscoll, D. J.</author><author>Wagner, M.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610-0296, USA. millejl@peds.ufl.edu</auth-address><titles><title>Sleep disordered breathing in infants with Prader-Willi syndrome during the first 6 weeks of growth hormone therapy: a pilot study</title><secondary-title>J Clin Sleep Med</secondary-title><alt-title>Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Clin Sleep Med</full-title><abbr-1>Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Clin Sleep Med</full-title><abbr-1>Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>448-53</pages><volume>5</volume><number>5</number><edition>2009/12/08</edition><keywords><keyword>Comorbidity</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Florida/epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Follow-Up Studies</keyword><keyword>Gastroesophageal Reflux/epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Pilot Projects</keyword><keyword>Polysomnography/statistics &amp; numerical data</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*drug therapy/*epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Risk Factors</keyword><keyword>Severity of Illness Index</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea Syndromes/*epidemiology</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2009</year><pub-dates><date>Oct 15</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1550-9389 (Print)&#xD;1550-9389</isbn><accession-num>19961030</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2762717/pdf/jcsm.5.5.448.pdf</url></related-urls></urls><custom2>Pmc2762717</custom2><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>�	D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Berini</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>5</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">16</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>5</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1456863151">5</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Berini, J.</author><author>Spica Russotto, V.</author><author>Castelnuovo, P.</author><author>Di Candia, S.</author><author>Gargantini, L.</author><author>Grugni, G.</author><author>Iughetti, L.</author><author>Nespoli, L.</author><author>Nosetti, L.</author><author>Padoan, G.</author><author>Pilotta, A.</author><author>Trifiro, G.</author><author>Chiumello, G.</author><author>Salvatoni, A.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Pediatric Unit, Ospedale Del Ponte, Insubria University, 21100 Varese, Italy.</auth-address><titles><title>Growth hormone therapy and respiratory disorders: long-term follow-up in PWS children</title><secondary-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</secondary-title><alt-title>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>E1516-23</pages><volume>98</volume><number>9</number><edition>2013/07/31</edition><keywords><keyword>Adenoids/*pathology</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Hormone Replacement Therapy/*adverse effects</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/*adverse effects/therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Hypertrophy/chemically induced</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Palatine Tonsil/*pathology</keyword><keyword>Polysomnography</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications/*drug therapy/pathology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/*etiology/pathology</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2013</year><pub-dates><date>Sep</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0021-972x</isbn><accession-num>23894156</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1210/jc.2013-1831</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>�	D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Berini</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>5</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">16</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>5</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1456863151">5</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Berini, J.</author><author>Spica Russotto, V.</author><author>Castelnuovo, P.</author><author>Di Candia, S.</author><author>Gargantini, L.</author><author>Grugni, G.</author><author>Iughetti, L.</author><author>Nespoli, L.</author><author>Nosetti, L.</author><author>Padoan, G.</author><author>Pilotta, A.</author><author>Trifiro, G.</author><author>Chiumello, G.</author><author>Salvatoni, A.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Pediatric Unit, Ospedale Del Ponte, Insubria University, 21100 Varese, Italy.</auth-address><titles><title>Growth hormone therapy and respiratory disorders: long-term follow-up in PWS children</title><secondary-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</secondary-title><alt-title>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>E1516-23</pages><volume>98</volume><number>9</number><edition>2013/07/31</edition><keywords><keyword>Adenoids/*pathology</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Hormone Replacement Therapy/*adverse effects</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/*adverse effects/therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Hypertrophy/chemically induced</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Palatine Tonsil/*pathology</keyword><keyword>Polysomnography</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications/*drug therapy/pathology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/*etiology/pathology</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2013</year><pub-dates><date>Sep</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0021-972x</isbn><accession-num>23894156</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1210/jc.2013-1831</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>n/D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Miller</Author><Year>2006</Year><RecNum>3</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">7,15,20,29,38</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>3</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1456863151">3</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Miller, J.</author><author>Silverstein, J.</author><author>Shuster, J.</author><author>Driscoll, D. J.</author><author>Wagner, M.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Florida, Box 100296, J. Hillis Miller Medical Center, Gainesville, FL 32610-0296, USA. millejl@peds.ufl.edu</auth-address><titles><title>Short-term effects of growth hormone on sleep abnormalities in Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</secondary-title><alt-title>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>413-7</pages><volume>91</volume><number>2</number><edition>2005/12/01</edition><keywords><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/*adverse effects/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/metabolism</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Polysomnography</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications/*drug therapy/metabolism</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Central/*chemically induced/etiology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/*chemically induced/etiology</keyword><keyword>Statistics, Nonparametric</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2006</year><pub-dates><date>Feb</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0021-972X (Print)&#xD;0021-972x</isbn><accession-num>16317059</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1210/jc.2005-1279</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Tauber</Author><Year>2008</Year><RecNum>23</RecNum><record><rec-number>23</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457203152">23</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Tauber, M.</author><author>Diene, G.</author><author>Molinas, C.</author><author>Hebert, M.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Division of Endocrinology, Genetics, Gynecology and Bone Diseases, Centre de Reference du Syndrome de Prader-Willi, Hopital des Enfants, Toulouse Cedex 09, France. tauber.mt@chu-toulouse.fr</auth-address><titles><title>Review of 64 cases of death in children with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS)</title><secondary-title>Am J Med Genet A</secondary-title><alt-title>American journal of medical genetics. Part A</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Am J Med Genet A</full-title><abbr-1>American journal of medical genetics. Part A</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Am J Med Genet A</full-title><abbr-1>American journal of medical genetics. Part A</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>881-7</pages><volume>146a</volume><number>7</number><edition>2008/03/08</edition><keywords><keyword>Cause of Death</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>France/epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*mortality</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2008</year><pub-dates><date>Apr 1</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1552-4825</isbn><accession-num>18324685</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1002/ajmg.a.32131</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Deal</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>26</RecNum><record><rec-number>26</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457211087">26</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Deal, C. L.</author><author>Tony, M.</author><author>Hoybye, C.</author><author>Allen, D. B.</author><author>Tauber, M.</author><author>Christiansen, J. S.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Research Center and Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3T 1C5. Cheri.L.Deal@umontreal.ca</auth-address><titles><title>GrowthHormone Research Society workshop summary: consensus guidelines for recombinant human growth hormone therapy in Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</secondary-title><alt-title>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>E1072-87</pages><volume>98</volume><number>6</number><edition>2013/04/02</edition><keywords><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/administration &amp; dosage/adverse effects/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Practice Guidelines as Topic</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*drug therapy/physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Recombinant Proteins/therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Treatment Outcome</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2013</year><pub-dates><date>Jun</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0021-972x</isbn><accession-num>23543664</accession-num><urls></urls><custom2>Pmc3789886</custom2><electronic-resource-num>10.1210/jc.2012-3888</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Fillion</Author><Year>2009</Year><RecNum>42</RecNum><record><rec-number>42</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457752915">42</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Fillion, M.</author><author>Deal, C.</author><author>Van Vliet, G.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Endocrinology Service and Research Center, Sainte-Justine Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada and Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.</auth-address><titles><title>Retrospective study of the potential benefits and adverse events during growth hormone treatment in children with Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>J Pediatr</secondary-title><alt-title>The Journal of pediatrics</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Pediatr</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of pediatrics</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Pediatr</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of pediatrics</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>230-3</pages><volume>154</volume><number>2</number><edition>2008/09/26</edition><keywords><keyword>Absorptiometry, Photon</keyword><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Body Composition</keyword><keyword>Body Height</keyword><keyword>Body Mass Index</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Educational Status</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Glucose Intolerance/complications</keyword><keyword>Growth Hormone/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Obesity/complications</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications/*drug therapy</keyword><keyword>Retrospective Studies</keyword><keyword>Scoliosis/complications</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/complications</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2009</year><pub-dates><date>Feb</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0022-3476</isbn><accession-num>18814886</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1016/j.jpeds.2008.07.058</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Tauber</Author><Year>2008</Year><RecNum>23</RecNum><record><rec-number>23</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457203152">23</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Tauber, M.</author><author>Diene, G.</author><author>Molinas, C.</author><author>Hebert, M.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Division of Endocrinology, Genetics, Gynecology and Bone Diseases, Centre de Reference du Syndrome de Prader-Willi, Hopital des Enfants, Toulouse Cedex 09, France. tauber.mt@chu-toulouse.fr</auth-address><titles><title>Review of 64 cases of death in children with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS)</title><secondary-title>Am J Med Genet A</secondary-title><alt-title>American journal of medical genetics. Part A</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Am J Med Genet A</full-title><abbr-1>American journal of medical genetics. Part A</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Am J Med Genet A</full-title><abbr-1>American journal of medical genetics. Part A</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>881-7</pages><volume>146a</volume><number>7</number><edition>2008/03/08</edition><keywords><keyword>Cause of Death</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>France/epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*mortality</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2008</year><pub-dates><date>Apr 1</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1552-4825</isbn><accession-num>18324685</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1002/ajmg.a.32131</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Van Vliet</Author><Year>2004</Year><RecNum>50</RecNum><record><rec-number>50</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457805579">50</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Van Vliet, G.</author><author>Deal, C. L.</author><author>Crock, P. A.</author><author>Robitaille, Y.</author><author>Oligny, L. L.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Departments of Pediatrics and Pathology, Sainte-Justine Hospital and Research Center, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. gvanvliet@justine.umontreal.ca</auth-address><titles><title>Sudden death in growth hormone-treated children with Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>J Pediatr</secondary-title><alt-title>The Journal of pediatrics</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Pediatr</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of pediatrics</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Pediatr</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of pediatrics</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>129-31</pages><volume>144</volume><number>1</number><edition>2004/01/15</edition><keywords><keyword>Bronchopneumonia/*chemically induced</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Death, Sudden/*etiology</keyword><keyword>Fatal Outcome</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/*adverse effects/contraindications/therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*drug therapy</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2004</year><pub-dates><date>Jan</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0022-3476 (Print)&#xD;0022-3476</isbn><accession-num>14722532</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1016/j.jpeds.2003.09.049</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>n/D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Miller</Author><Year>2006</Year><RecNum>3</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">7,15,20,29,38</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>3</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1456863151">3</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Miller, J.</author><author>Silverstein, J.</author><author>Shuster, J.</author><author>Driscoll, D. J.</author><author>Wagner, M.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Florida, Box 100296, J. Hillis Miller Medical Center, Gainesville, FL 32610-0296, USA. millejl@peds.ufl.edu</auth-address><titles><title>Short-term effects of growth hormone on sleep abnormalities in Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</secondary-title><alt-title>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>413-7</pages><volume>91</volume><number>2</number><edition>2005/12/01</edition><keywords><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/*adverse effects/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/metabolism</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Polysomnography</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications/*drug therapy/metabolism</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Central/*chemically induced/etiology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/*chemically induced/etiology</keyword><keyword>Statistics, Nonparametric</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2006</year><pub-dates><date>Feb</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0021-972X (Print)&#xD;0021-972x</isbn><accession-num>16317059</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1210/jc.2005-1279</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Tauber</Author><Year>2008</Year><RecNum>23</RecNum><record><rec-number>23</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457203152">23</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Tauber, M.</author><author>Diene, G.</author><author>Molinas, C.</author><author>Hebert, M.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Division of Endocrinology, Genetics, Gynecology and Bone Diseases, Centre de Reference du Syndrome de Prader-Willi, Hopital des Enfants, Toulouse Cedex 09, France. tauber.mt@chu-toulouse.fr</auth-address><titles><title>Review of 64 cases of death in children with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS)</title><secondary-title>Am J Med Genet A</secondary-title><alt-title>American journal of medical genetics. Part A</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Am J Med Genet A</full-title><abbr-1>American journal of medical genetics. Part A</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Am J Med Genet A</full-title><abbr-1>American journal of medical genetics. Part A</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>881-7</pages><volume>146a</volume><number>7</number><edition>2008/03/08</edition><keywords><keyword>Cause of Death</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>France/epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*mortality</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2008</year><pub-dates><date>Apr 1</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1552-4825</isbn><accession-num>18324685</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1002/ajmg.a.32131</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Deal</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>26</RecNum><record><rec-number>26</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457211087">26</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Deal, C. L.</author><author>Tony, M.</author><author>Hoybye, C.</author><author>Allen, D. B.</author><author>Tauber, M.</author><author>Christiansen, J. S.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Research Center and Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3T 1C5. Cheri.L.Deal@umontreal.ca</auth-address><titles><title>GrowthHormone Research Society workshop summary: consensus guidelines for recombinant human growth hormone therapy in Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</secondary-title><alt-title>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>E1072-87</pages><volume>98</volume><number>6</number><edition>2013/04/02</edition><keywords><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/administration &amp; dosage/adverse effects/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Practice Guidelines as Topic</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*drug therapy/physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Recombinant Proteins/therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Treatment Outcome</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2013</year><pub-dates><date>Jun</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0021-972x</isbn><accession-num>23543664</accession-num><urls></urls><custom2>Pmc3789886</custom2><electronic-resource-num>10.1210/jc.2012-3888</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Fillion</Author><Year>2009</Year><RecNum>42</RecNum><record><rec-number>42</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457752915">42</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Fillion, M.</author><author>Deal, C.</author><author>Van Vliet, G.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Endocrinology Service and Research Center, Sainte-Justine Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada and Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.</auth-address><titles><title>Retrospective study of the potential benefits and adverse events during growth hormone treatment in children with Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>J Pediatr</secondary-title><alt-title>The Journal of pediatrics</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Pediatr</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of pediatrics</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Pediatr</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of pediatrics</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>230-3</pages><volume>154</volume><number>2</number><edition>2008/09/26</edition><keywords><keyword>Absorptiometry, Photon</keyword><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Body Composition</keyword><keyword>Body Height</keyword><keyword>Body Mass Index</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Educational Status</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Glucose Intolerance/complications</keyword><keyword>Growth Hormone/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Obesity/complications</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications/*drug therapy</keyword><keyword>Retrospective Studies</keyword><keyword>Scoliosis/complications</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/complications</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2009</year><pub-dates><date>Feb</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0022-3476</isbn><accession-num>18814886</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1016/j.jpeds.2008.07.058</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Tauber</Author><Year>2008</Year><RecNum>23</RecNum><record><rec-number>23</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457203152">23</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Tauber, M.</author><author>Diene, G.</author><author>Molinas, C.</author><author>Hebert, M.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Division of Endocrinology, Genetics, Gynecology and Bone Diseases, Centre de Reference du Syndrome de Prader-Willi, Hopital des Enfants, Toulouse Cedex 09, France. tauber.mt@chu-toulouse.fr</auth-address><titles><title>Review of 64 cases of death in children with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS)</title><secondary-title>Am J Med Genet A</secondary-title><alt-title>American journal of medical genetics. Part A</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Am J Med Genet A</full-title><abbr-1>American journal of medical genetics. Part A</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Am J Med Genet A</full-title><abbr-1>American journal of medical genetics. Part A</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>881-7</pages><volume>146a</volume><number>7</number><edition>2008/03/08</edition><keywords><keyword>Cause of Death</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>France/epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*mortality</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2008</year><pub-dates><date>Apr 1</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1552-4825</isbn><accession-num>18324685</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1002/ajmg.a.32131</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Van Vliet</Author><Year>2004</Year><RecNum>50</RecNum><record><rec-number>50</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457805579">50</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Van Vliet, G.</author><author>Deal, C. L.</author><author>Crock, P. A.</author><author>Robitaille, Y.</author><author>Oligny, L. L.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Departments of Pediatrics and Pathology, Sainte-Justine Hospital and Research Center, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. gvanvliet@justine.umontreal.ca</auth-address><titles><title>Sudden death in growth hormone-treated children with Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>J Pediatr</secondary-title><alt-title>The Journal of pediatrics</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Pediatr</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of pediatrics</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Pediatr</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of pediatrics</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>129-31</pages><volume>144</volume><number>1</number><edition>2004/01/15</edition><keywords><keyword>Bronchopneumonia/*chemically induced</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Death, Sudden/*etiology</keyword><keyword>Fatal Outcome</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/*adverse effects/contraindications/therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*drug therapy</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2004</year><pub-dates><date>Jan</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0022-3476 (Print)&#xD;0022-3476</isbn><accession-num>14722532</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1016/j.jpeds.2003.09.049</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>�D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Miller</Author><Year>2006</Year><RecNum>3</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">4,20,24</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>3</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1456863151">3</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Miller, J.</author><author>Silverstein, J.</author><author>Shuster, J.</author><author>Driscoll, D. J.</author><author>Wagner, M.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Florida, Box 100296, J. Hillis Miller Medical Center, Gainesville, FL 32610-0296, USA. millejl@peds.ufl.edu</auth-address><titles><title>Short-term effects of growth hormone on sleep abnormalities in Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</secondary-title><alt-title>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>413-7</pages><volume>91</volume><number>2</number><edition>2005/12/01</edition><keywords><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/*adverse effects/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/metabolism</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Polysomnography</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications/*drug therapy/metabolism</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Central/*chemically induced/etiology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/*chemically induced/etiology</keyword><keyword>Statistics, Nonparametric</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2006</year><pub-dates><date>Feb</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0021-972X (Print)&#xD;0021-972x</isbn><accession-num>16317059</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1210/jc.2005-1279</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Eiholzer</Author><Year>2002</Year><RecNum>20</RecNum><record><rec-number>20</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457202584">20</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Eiholzer, U.</author><author>Nordmann, Y.</author><author>L&apos;Allemand, D.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Foundation Growth Puberty Adolescence, Zurich, Switzerland. urs.eiholzer@childgrowth.org</auth-address><titles><title>Fatal outcome of sleep apnoea in PWS during the initial phase of growth hormone treatment. A case report</title><secondary-title>Horm Res</secondary-title><alt-title>Hormone research</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Horm Res</full-title><abbr-1>Hormone research</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Horm Res</full-title><abbr-1>Hormone research</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>24-6</pages><volume>58 Suppl 3</volume><edition>2002/11/19</edition><keywords><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Death, Sudden/*etiology</keyword><keyword>Fatal Outcome</keyword><keyword>Growth Hormone/adverse effects/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant, Newborn</keyword><keyword>Infant, Premature</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*complications/*drug therapy</keyword><keyword>Respiratory Tract Diseases/etiology/physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea Syndromes/*etiology</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2002</year></dates><isbn>0301-0163 (Print)&#xD;0301-0163</isbn><accession-num>12435892</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>66478</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Sacco</Author><Year>2005</Year><RecNum>39</RecNum><record><rec-number>39</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457750927">39</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Sacco, M.</author><author>Di Giorgio, G.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Division of Paediatrics, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy. micheleacco2001@yahoo.it</auth-address><titles><title>Sudden death in Prader-Willi syndrome during growth hormone therapy</title><secondary-title>Horm Res</secondary-title><alt-title>Hormone research</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Horm Res</full-title><abbr-1>Hormone research</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Horm Res</full-title><abbr-1>Hormone research</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>29-32</pages><volume>63</volume><number>1</number><edition>2004/12/08</edition><keywords><keyword>Aging/physiology</keyword><keyword>Body Height/physiology</keyword><keyword>Body Weight/physiology</keyword><keyword>Combined Modality Therapy</keyword><keyword>Death, Sudden/*etiology</keyword><keyword>Genotype</keyword><keyword>Growth/drug effects</keyword><keyword>Growth Hormone/*adverse effects/therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*complications/drug therapy</keyword><keyword>Tomography, X-Ray Computed</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2005</year></dates><isbn>0301-0163 (Print)&#xD;0301-0163</isbn><accession-num>15583479</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1159/000082525</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Sacco</Author><Year>2005</Year><RecNum>39</RecNum><record><rec-number>39</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457750927">39</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Sacco, M.</author><author>Di Giorgio, G.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Division of Paediatrics, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy. micheleacco2001@yahoo.it</auth-address><titles><title>Sudden death in Prader-Willi syndrome during growth hormone therapy</title><secondary-title>Horm Res</secondary-title><alt-title>Hormone research</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Horm Res</full-title><abbr-1>Hormone 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(Print)&#xD;0301-0163</isbn><accession-num>15583479</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1159/000082525</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>�D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Miller</Author><Year>2006</Year><RecNum>3</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">4,20,24</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>3</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1456863151">3</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Miller, J.</author><author>Silverstein, J.</author><author>Shuster, J.</author><author>Driscoll, D. J.</author><author>Wagner, M.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Florida, Box 100296, J. Hillis Miller Medical Center, Gainesville, FL 32610-0296, USA. millejl@peds.ufl.edu</auth-address><titles><title>Short-term effects of growth hormone on sleep abnormalities in Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</secondary-title><alt-title>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>413-7</pages><volume>91</volume><number>2</number><edition>2005/12/01</edition><keywords><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/*adverse effects/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/metabolism</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Polysomnography</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications/*drug therapy/metabolism</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Central/*chemically induced/etiology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/*chemically induced/etiology</keyword><keyword>Statistics, Nonparametric</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2006</year><pub-dates><date>Feb</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0021-972X (Print)&#xD;0021-972x</isbn><accession-num>16317059</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1210/jc.2005-1279</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Eiholzer</Author><Year>2002</Year><RecNum>20</RecNum><record><rec-number>20</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457202584">20</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Eiholzer, U.</author><author>Nordmann, Y.</author><author>L&apos;Allemand, D.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Foundation Growth Puberty Adolescence, Zurich, Switzerland. urs.eiholzer@childgrowth.org</auth-address><titles><title>Fatal outcome of sleep apnoea in PWS during the initial phase of growth hormone treatment. A case report</title><secondary-title>Horm Res</secondary-title><alt-title>Hormone research</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Horm Res</full-title><abbr-1>Hormone research</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Horm Res</full-title><abbr-1>Hormone research</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>24-6</pages><volume>58 Suppl 3</volume><edition>2002/11/19</edition><keywords><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Death, Sudden/*etiology</keyword><keyword>Fatal Outcome</keyword><keyword>Growth Hormone/adverse effects/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant, Newborn</keyword><keyword>Infant, Premature</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*complications/*drug therapy</keyword><keyword>Respiratory Tract Diseases/etiology/physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea Syndromes/*etiology</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2002</year></dates><isbn>0301-0163 (Print)&#xD;0301-0163</isbn><accession-num>12435892</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>66478</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Sacco</Author><Year>2005</Year><RecNum>39</RecNum><record><rec-number>39</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457750927">39</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Sacco, M.</author><author>Di Giorgio, G.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Division of Paediatrics, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy. micheleacco2001@yahoo.it</auth-address><titles><title>Sudden death in Prader-Willi syndrome during growth hormone therapy</title><secondary-title>Horm Res</secondary-title><alt-title>Hormone research</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Horm Res</full-title><abbr-1>Hormone research</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Horm Res</full-title><abbr-1>Hormone research</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>29-32</pages><volume>63</volume><number>1</number><edition>2004/12/08</edition><keywords><keyword>Aging/physiology</keyword><keyword>Body Height/physiology</keyword><keyword>Body Weight/physiology</keyword><keyword>Combined Modality Therapy</keyword><keyword>Death, Sudden/*etiology</keyword><keyword>Genotype</keyword><keyword>Growth/drug effects</keyword><keyword>Growth Hormone/*adverse effects/therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*complications/drug therapy</keyword><keyword>Tomography, X-Ray Computed</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2005</year></dates><isbn>0301-0163 (Print)&#xD;0301-0163</isbn><accession-num>15583479</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1159/000082525</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Sacco</Author><Year>2005</Year><RecNum>39</RecNum><record><rec-number>39</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457750927">39</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Sacco, M.</author><author>Di Giorgio, G.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Division of Paediatrics, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy. micheleacco2001@yahoo.it</auth-address><titles><title>Sudden death in Prader-Willi syndrome during growth hormone therapy</title><secondary-title>Horm Res</secondary-title><alt-title>Hormone research</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Horm Res</full-title><abbr-1>Hormone research</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Horm Res</full-title><abbr-1>Hormone research</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>29-32</pages><volume>63</volume><number>1</number><edition>2004/12/08</edition><keywords><keyword>Aging/physiology</keyword><keyword>Body Height/physiology</keyword><keyword>Body Weight/physiology</keyword><keyword>Combined Modality Therapy</keyword><keyword>Death, Sudden/*etiology</keyword><keyword>Genotype</keyword><keyword>Growth/drug effects</keyword><keyword>Growth Hormone/*adverse effects/therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*complications/drug therapy</keyword><keyword>Tomography, X-Ray Computed</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2005</year></dates><isbn>0301-0163 (Print)&#xD;0301-0163</isbn><accession-num>15583479</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1159/000082525</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>�D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Berini</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>5</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">16,24</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>5</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1456863151">5</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Berini, J.</author><author>Spica Russotto, V.</author><author>Castelnuovo, P.</author><author>Di Candia, S.</author><author>Gargantini, L.</author><author>Grugni, G.</author><author>Iughetti, L.</author><author>Nespoli, L.</author><author>Nosetti, L.</author><author>Padoan, G.</author><author>Pilotta, A.</author><author>Trifiro, G.</author><author>Chiumello, G.</author><author>Salvatoni, A.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Pediatric Unit, Ospedale Del Ponte, Insubria University, 21100 Varese, Italy.</auth-address><titles><title>Growth hormone therapy and respiratory disorders: long-term follow-up in PWS children</title><secondary-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</secondary-title><alt-title>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>E1516-23</pages><volume>98</volume><number>9</number><edition>2013/07/31</edition><keywords><keyword>Adenoids/*pathology</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Hormone Replacement Therapy/*adverse effects</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/*adverse effects/therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Hypertrophy/chemically induced</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Palatine Tonsil/*pathology</keyword><keyword>Polysomnography</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications/*drug therapy/pathology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/*etiology/pathology</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2013</year><pub-dates><date>Sep</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0021-972x</isbn><accession-num>23894156</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1210/jc.2013-1831</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Sacco</Author><Year>2005</Year><RecNum>39</RecNum><record><rec-number>39</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457750927">39</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Sacco, M.</author><author>Di Giorgio, G.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Division of Paediatrics, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy. micheleacco2001@yahoo.it</auth-address><titles><title>Sudden death in Prader-Willi syndrome during growth hormone therapy</title><secondary-title>Horm Res</secondary-title><alt-title>Hormone research</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Horm Res</full-title><abbr-1>Hormone research</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Horm Res</full-title><abbr-1>Hormone research</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>29-32</pages><volume>63</volume><number>1</number><edition>2004/12/08</edition><keywords><keyword>Aging/physiology</keyword><keyword>Body Height/physiology</keyword><keyword>Body Weight/physiology</keyword><keyword>Combined Modality Therapy</keyword><keyword>Death, Sudden/*etiology</keyword><keyword>Genotype</keyword><keyword>Growth/drug effects</keyword><keyword>Growth Hormone/*adverse effects/therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*complications/drug therapy</keyword><keyword>Tomography, X-Ray Computed</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2005</year></dates><isbn>0301-0163 (Print)&#xD;0301-0163</isbn><accession-num>15583479</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1159/000082525</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>�D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Berini</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>5</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">16,24</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>5</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1456863151">5</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Berini, J.</author><author>Spica Russotto, V.</author><author>Castelnuovo, P.</author><author>Di Candia, S.</author><author>Gargantini, L.</author><author>Grugni, G.</author><author>Iughetti, L.</author><author>Nespoli, L.</author><author>Nosetti, L.</author><author>Padoan, G.</author><author>Pilotta, A.</author><author>Trifiro, G.</author><author>Chiumello, G.</author><author>Salvatoni, A.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Pediatric Unit, Ospedale Del Ponte, Insubria University, 21100 Varese, Italy.</auth-address><titles><title>Growth hormone therapy and respiratory disorders: long-term follow-up in PWS children</title><secondary-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</secondary-title><alt-title>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and 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Cheri.L.Deal@umontreal.ca</auth-address><titles><title>GrowthHormone Research Society workshop summary: consensus guidelines for recombinant human growth hormone therapy in Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</secondary-title><alt-title>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>E1072-87</pages><volume>98</volume><number>6</number><edition>2013/04/02</edition><keywords><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/administration &amp; dosage/adverse effects/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Practice Guidelines as Topic</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*drug therapy/physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Recombinant Proteins/therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Treatment Outcome</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2013</year><pub-dates><date>Jun</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0021-972x</isbn><accession-num>23543664</accession-num><urls></urls><custom2>Pmc3789886</custom2><electronic-resource-num>10.1210/jc.2012-3888</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Burman</Author><Year>2001</Year><RecNum>28</RecNum><record><rec-number>28</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457213177">28</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Burman, P.</author><author>Ritzen, E. M.</author><author>Lindgren, A. C.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Pharmacia Corporation, SE-112 87 Stockholm, Sweden. pia.burman@eu.pnu.com</auth-address><titles><title>Endocrine dysfunction in Prader-Willi syndrome: a review with special reference to GH</title><secondary-title>Endocr Rev</secondary-title><alt-title>Endocrine reviews</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Endocr Rev</full-title><abbr-1>Endocrine reviews</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Endocr Rev</full-title><abbr-1>Endocrine reviews</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>787-99</pages><volume>22</volume><number>6</number><edition>2001/12/12</edition><keywords><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Gonadal Steroid Hormones/therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Hormone Replacement Therapy</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/deficiency/*physiology/therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Hypogonadism</keyword><keyword>Intellectual Disability</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Obesity/complications</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications/drug therapy/genetics/*physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Puberty</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2001</year><pub-dates><date>Dec</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0163-769X (Print)&#xD;0163-769x</isbn><accession-num>11739333</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1210/edrv.22.6.0447</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Bridges</Author><Year>2014</Year><RecNum>45</RecNum><record><rec-number>45</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457763113">45</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Bridges, N.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>What is the value of growth hormone therapy in Prader Willi syndrome?</title><secondary-title>Arch Dis Child</secondary-title><alt-title>Archives of disease in childhood</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Arch Dis Child</full-title><abbr-1>Archives of disease in childhood</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Arch Dis Child</full-title><abbr-1>Archives of disease in childhood</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>166-70</pages><volume>99</volume><number>2</number><edition>2013/10/29</edition><keywords><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/adverse effects/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Obesity/prevention &amp; control</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications/*drug therapy/physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Young Adult</keyword><keyword>Prader Willi syndrome</keyword><keyword>growth hormone</keyword><keyword>hyperphagia</keyword><keyword>obesity</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2014</year><pub-dates><date>Feb</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0003-9888</isbn><accession-num>24162007</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1136/archdischild-2013-303760</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>l0D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Wolfgram</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>15</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">12,17,18,27,29,34</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>15</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457195373">15</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Wolfgram, P. M.</author><author>Carrel, A. L.</author><author>Allen, D. B.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine &amp; Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin 53792-4108, USA.</auth-address><titles><title>Long-term effects of recombinant human growth hormone therapy in children with Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>Curr Opin Pediatr</secondary-title><alt-title>Current opinion in pediatrics</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Curr Opin Pediatr</full-title><abbr-1>Current opinion in pediatrics</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Curr Opin Pediatr</full-title><abbr-1>Current opinion in pediatrics</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>509-14</pages><volume>25</volume><number>4</number><edition>2013/06/21</edition><keywords><keyword>Body Composition/drug effects</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Cognition Disorders/drug therapy/etiology</keyword><keyword>Growth/drug effects</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/adverse effects/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*drug therapy/physiopathology/psychology</keyword><keyword>Recombinant Proteins/adverse effects/therapeutic use</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2013</year><pub-dates><date>Aug</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1040-8703</isbn><accession-num>23782572</accession-num><urls></urls><custom2>Pmc4396180</custom2><custom6>Nihms677451</custom6><electronic-resource-num>10.1097/MOP.0b013e328362c7a2</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Haqq</Author><Year>2003</Year><RecNum>17</RecNum><record><rec-number>17</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457202102">17</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Haqq, A. M.</author><author>Stadler, D. D.</author><author>Jackson, R. H.</author><author>Rosenfeld, R. G.</author><author>Purnell, J. Q.</author><author>LaFranchi, S. H.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97201, USA. haqq0001@mc.duke.edu</auth-address><titles><title>Effects of growth hormone on pulmonary function, sleep quality, behavior, cognition, growth velocity, body composition, and resting energy expenditure in Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</secondary-title><alt-title>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>2206-12</pages><volume>88</volume><number>5</number><edition>2003/05/03</edition><keywords><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Age Determination by Skeleton</keyword><keyword>Behavior/drug effects</keyword><keyword>Body Composition/*drug effects</keyword><keyword>Body Height</keyword><keyword>Body Weight</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Cognition/drug effects</keyword><keyword>Double-Blind Method</keyword><keyword>Energy Metabolism/*drug effects</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Growth/drug effects</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Lung/drug effects/*physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Placebos</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*drug therapy/physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Sleep/*drug effects</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2003</year><pub-dates><date>May</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0021-972X (Print)&#xD;0021-972x</isbn><accession-num>12727976</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1210/jc.2002-021536</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Myers</Author><Year>2000</Year><RecNum>24</RecNum><record><rec-number>24</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457208368">24</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Myers, S. E.</author><author>Carrel, A. L.</author><author>Whitman, B. Y.</author><author>Allen, D. B.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Pediatrics, St. Louis University, Cardinal Glennon Children&apos;s Hospital, MO 63104, USA.</auth-address><titles><title>Sustained benefit after 2 years of growth hormone on body composition, fat utilization, physical strength and agility, and growth in Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>J Pediatr</secondary-title><alt-title>The Journal of pediatrics</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Pediatr</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of pediatrics</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Pediatr</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of pediatrics</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>42-9</pages><volume>137</volume><number>1</number><edition>2000/07/13</edition><keywords><keyword>Adipose Tissue/metabolism</keyword><keyword>Anthropometry</keyword><keyword>*Body Composition</keyword><keyword>Bone Density</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Energy Metabolism</keyword><keyword>Follow-Up Studies</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Physical Fitness</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*drug therapy/*physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic</keyword><keyword>Treatment Outcome</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2000</year><pub-dates><date>Jul</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0022-3476 (Print)&#xD;0022-3476</isbn><accession-num>10891820</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1067/mpd.2000.105369</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Deal</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>26</RecNum><record><rec-number>26</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457211087">26</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Deal, C. L.</author><author>Tony, M.</author><author>Hoybye, C.</author><author>Allen, D. B.</author><author>Tauber, M.</author><author>Christiansen, J. S.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Research Center and Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3T 1C5. Cheri.L.Deal@umontreal.ca</auth-address><titles><title>GrowthHormone Research Society workshop summary: consensus guidelines for recombinant human growth hormone therapy in Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</secondary-title><alt-title>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>E1072-87</pages><volume>98</volume><number>6</number><edition>2013/04/02</edition><keywords><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/administration &amp; dosage/adverse effects/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Practice Guidelines as Topic</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*drug therapy/physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Recombinant Proteins/therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Treatment Outcome</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2013</year><pub-dates><date>Jun</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0021-972x</isbn><accession-num>23543664</accession-num><urls></urls><custom2>Pmc3789886</custom2><electronic-resource-num>10.1210/jc.2012-3888</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Burman</Author><Year>2001</Year><RecNum>28</RecNum><record><rec-number>28</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457213177">28</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Burman, P.</author><author>Ritzen, E. M.</author><author>Lindgren, A. C.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Pharmacia Corporation, SE-112 87 Stockholm, Sweden. pia.burman@eu.pnu.com</auth-address><titles><title>Endocrine dysfunction in Prader-Willi syndrome: a review with special reference to GH</title><secondary-title>Endocr Rev</secondary-title><alt-title>Endocrine reviews</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Endocr Rev</full-title><abbr-1>Endocrine reviews</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Endocr Rev</full-title><abbr-1>Endocrine reviews</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>787-99</pages><volume>22</volume><number>6</number><edition>2001/12/12</edition><keywords><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Gonadal Steroid Hormones/therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Hormone Replacement Therapy</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/deficiency/*physiology/therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Hypogonadism</keyword><keyword>Intellectual Disability</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Obesity/complications</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications/drug therapy/genetics/*physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Puberty</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2001</year><pub-dates><date>Dec</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0163-769X (Print)&#xD;0163-769x</isbn><accession-num>11739333</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1210/edrv.22.6.0447</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Bridges</Author><Year>2014</Year><RecNum>45</RecNum><record><rec-number>45</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457763113">45</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Bridges, N.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>What is the value of growth hormone therapy in Prader Willi syndrome?</title><secondary-title>Arch Dis Child</secondary-title><alt-title>Archives of disease in childhood</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Arch Dis Child</full-title><abbr-1>Archives of disease in childhood</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Arch Dis Child</full-title><abbr-1>Archives of disease in childhood</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>166-70</pages><volume>99</volume><number>2</number><edition>2013/10/29</edition><keywords><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/adverse effects/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Obesity/prevention &amp; control</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications/*drug therapy/physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Young Adult</keyword><keyword>Prader Willi syndrome</keyword><keyword>growth hormone</keyword><keyword>hyperphagia</keyword><keyword>obesity</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2014</year><pub-dates><date>Feb</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0003-9888</isbn><accession-num>24162007</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1136/archdischild-2013-303760</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>�D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Wolfgram</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>15</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">12,27,34</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>15</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457195373">15</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Wolfgram, P. M.</author><author>Carrel, A. L.</author><author>Allen, D. B.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine &amp; Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin 53792-4108, USA.</auth-address><titles><title>Long-term effects of recombinant human growth hormone therapy in children with Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>Curr Opin Pediatr</secondary-title><alt-title>Current opinion in pediatrics</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Curr Opin Pediatr</full-title><abbr-1>Current opinion in pediatrics</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Curr Opin Pediatr</full-title><abbr-1>Current opinion in pediatrics</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>509-14</pages><volume>25</volume><number>4</number><edition>2013/06/21</edition><keywords><keyword>Body Composition/drug effects</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Cognition Disorders/drug therapy/etiology</keyword><keyword>Growth/drug effects</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/adverse effects/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*drug therapy/physiopathology/psychology</keyword><keyword>Recombinant Proteins/adverse effects/therapeutic use</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2013</year><pub-dates><date>Aug</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1040-8703</isbn><accession-num>23782572</accession-num><urls></urls><custom2>Pmc4396180</custom2><custom6>Nihms677451</custom6><electronic-resource-num>10.1097/MOP.0b013e328362c7a2</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Haqq</Author><Year>2003</Year><RecNum>17</RecNum><record><rec-number>17</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457202102">17</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Haqq, A. M.</author><author>Stadler, D. D.</author><author>Jackson, R. H.</author><author>Rosenfeld, R. G.</author><author>Purnell, J. Q.</author><author>LaFranchi, S. H.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97201, USA. haqq0001@mc.duke.edu</auth-address><titles><title>Effects of growth hormone on pulmonary function, sleep quality, behavior, cognition, growth velocity, body composition, and resting energy expenditure in Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</secondary-title><alt-title>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>2206-12</pages><volume>88</volume><number>5</number><edition>2003/05/03</edition><keywords><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Age Determination by Skeleton</keyword><keyword>Behavior/drug effects</keyword><keyword>Body Composition/*drug effects</keyword><keyword>Body Height</keyword><keyword>Body Weight</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Cognition/drug effects</keyword><keyword>Double-Blind Method</keyword><keyword>Energy Metabolism/*drug effects</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Growth/drug effects</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Lung/drug effects/*physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Placebos</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*drug therapy/physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Sleep/*drug effects</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2003</year><pub-dates><date>May</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0021-972X (Print)&#xD;0021-972x</isbn><accession-num>12727976</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1210/jc.2002-021536</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Myers</Author><Year>2000</Year><RecNum>24</RecNum><record><rec-number>24</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457208368">24</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Myers, S. E.</author><author>Carrel, A. L.</author><author>Whitman, B. Y.</author><author>Allen, D. B.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Pediatrics, St. Louis University, Cardinal Glennon Children&apos;s Hospital, MO 63104, USA.</auth-address><titles><title>Sustained benefit after 2 years of growth hormone on body composition, fat utilization, physical strength and agility, and growth in Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>J Pediatr</secondary-title><alt-title>The Journal of pediatrics</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Pediatr</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of pediatrics</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Pediatr</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of pediatrics</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>42-9</pages><volume>137</volume><number>1</number><edition>2000/07/13</edition><keywords><keyword>Adipose Tissue/metabolism</keyword><keyword>Anthropometry</keyword><keyword>*Body Composition</keyword><keyword>Bone Density</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Energy Metabolism</keyword><keyword>Follow-Up Studies</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Physical Fitness</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*drug therapy/*physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic</keyword><keyword>Treatment Outcome</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2000</year><pub-dates><date>Jul</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0022-3476 (Print)&#xD;0022-3476</isbn><accession-num>10891820</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1067/mpd.2000.105369</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>�D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Wolfgram</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>15</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">12,27,34</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>15</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457195373">15</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Wolfgram, P. M.</author><author>Carrel, A. L.</author><author>Allen, D. B.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine &amp; Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin 53792-4108, USA.</auth-address><titles><title>Long-term effects of recombinant human growth hormone therapy in children with Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>Curr Opin Pediatr</secondary-title><alt-title>Current opinion in pediatrics</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Curr Opin Pediatr</full-title><abbr-1>Current opinion in pediatrics</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Curr Opin Pediatr</full-title><abbr-1>Current opinion in pediatrics</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>509-14</pages><volume>25</volume><number>4</number><edition>2013/06/21</edition><keywords><keyword>Body Composition/drug effects</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Cognition Disorders/drug therapy/etiology</keyword><keyword>Growth/drug effects</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/adverse effects/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*drug therapy/physiopathology/psychology</keyword><keyword>Recombinant Proteins/adverse effects/therapeutic use</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2013</year><pub-dates><date>Aug</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1040-8703</isbn><accession-num>23782572</accession-num><urls></urls><custom2>Pmc4396180</custom2><custom6>Nihms677451</custom6><electronic-resource-num>10.1097/MOP.0b013e328362c7a2</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Haqq</Author><Year>2003</Year><RecNum>17</RecNum><record><rec-number>17</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457202102">17</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Haqq, A. M.</author><author>Stadler, D. D.</author><author>Jackson, R. H.</author><author>Rosenfeld, R. G.</author><author>Purnell, J. Q.</author><author>LaFranchi, S. 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Concerning the article by U. Eiholzer et al.: Deaths in children with Prader-Willi syndrome. A contribution to the debate about the safety of growth hormone treatment in children with PWS (Horm Res 2005;63:33-39)</title><secondary-title>Horm Res</secondary-title><alt-title>Hormone research</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Horm Res</full-title><abbr-1>Hormone research</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Horm Res</full-title><abbr-1>Hormone research</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>203-4</pages><volume>67</volume><number>4</number><edition>2006/12/14</edition><keywords><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>*Death, Sudden</keyword><keyword>Fatal Outcome</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/*administration &amp; dosage/*adverse effects</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*drug therapy/*mortality</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2007</year></dates><isbn>0301-0163 (Print)&#xD;0301-0163</isbn><accession-num>17164585</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1159/000097928</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Tauber</Author><Year>2008</Year><RecNum>23</RecNum><record><rec-number>23</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457203152">23</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Tauber, M.</author><author>Diene, G.</author><author>Molinas, C.</author><author>Hebert, M.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Division of Endocrinology, Genetics, Gynecology and Bone Diseases, Centre de Reference du Syndrome de Prader-Willi, Hopital des Enfants, Toulouse Cedex 09, France. tauber.mt@chu-toulouse.fr</auth-address><titles><title>Review of 64 cases of death in children with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS)</title><secondary-title>Am J Med Genet A</secondary-title><alt-title>American journal of medical genetics. Part A</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Am J Med Genet A</full-title><abbr-1>American journal of medical genetics. Part A</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Am J Med Genet A</full-title><abbr-1>American journal of medical genetics. 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A contribution to the debate about the safety of growth hormone treatment in children with PWS.</title><secondary-title>Horm Res</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Horm Res</full-title><abbr-1>Hormone research</abbr-1></periodical><pages>33-39</pages><volume>63</volume><number>1</number><dates><year>2005</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Vandeleur</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>44</RecNum><record><rec-number>44</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457755797">44</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Vandeleur, M.</author><author>Davey, M. J.</author><author>Nixon, G. 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Part A</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>881-7</pages><volume>146a</volume><number>7</number><edition>2008/03/08</edition><keywords><keyword>Cause of Death</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>France/epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*mortality</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2008</year><pub-dates><date>Apr 1</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1552-4825</isbn><accession-num>18324685</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1002/ajmg.a.32131</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Deal</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>26</RecNum><record><rec-number>26</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457211087">26</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Deal, C. 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Part A</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>881-7</pages><volume>146a</volume><number>7</number><edition>2008/03/08</edition><keywords><keyword>Cause of Death</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>France/epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*mortality</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2008</year><pub-dates><date>Apr 1</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1552-4825</isbn><accession-num>18324685</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1002/ajmg.a.32131</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Nagai</Author><Year>2005</Year><RecNum>48</RecNum><record><rec-number>48</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457795945">48</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Nagai, T.</author><author>Obata, K.</author><author>Tonoki, H.</author><author>Temma, S.</author><author>Murakami, N.</author><author>Katada, Y.</author><author>Yoshino, A.</author><author>Sakazume, S.</author><author>Takahashi, E.</author><author>Sakuta, R.</author><author>Niikawa, N.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Pediatrics, Dokkyo University School of Medicine Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan. t-nagai@dokkyomed.ac.jp</auth-address><titles><title>Cause of sudden, unexpected death of Prader-Willi syndrome patients with or without growth hormone treatment</title><secondary-title>Am J Med Genet A</secondary-title><alt-title>American journal of medical genetics. 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A contribution to the debate about the safety of growth hormone treatment in children with PWS.</title><secondary-title>Horm Res</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Horm Res</full-title><abbr-1>Hormone research</abbr-1></periodical><pages>33-39</pages><volume>63</volume><number>1</number><dates><year>2005</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Grugni</Author><Year>2005</Year><RecNum>47</RecNum><record><rec-number>47</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457767273">47</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Grugni, G.</author><author>Livieri, C.</author><author>Corrias, A.</author><author>Sartorio, A.</author><author>Crino, A.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Division of Auxology, IRCCS, S. 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Cheri.L.Deal@umontreal.ca</auth-address><titles><title>GrowthHormone Research Society workshop summary: consensus guidelines for recombinant human growth hormone therapy in Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</secondary-title><alt-title>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>E1072-87</pages><volume>98</volume><number>6</number><edition>2013/04/02</edition><keywords><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/administration &amp; dosage/adverse effects/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Practice Guidelines as Topic</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*drug therapy/physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Recombinant Proteins/therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Treatment Outcome</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2013</year><pub-dates><date>Jun</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0021-972x</isbn><accession-num>23543664</accession-num><urls></urls><custom2>Pmc3789886</custom2><electronic-resource-num>10.1210/jc.2012-3888</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>�D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Nixon</Author><Year>2002</Year><RecNum>13</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">13,29</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>13</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457189542">13</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Nixon, G. M.</author><author>Brouillette, R. T.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children&apos;s Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.</auth-address><titles><title>Sleep and breathing in Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>Pediatr Pulmonol</secondary-title><alt-title>Pediatric pulmonology</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Pediatr Pulmonol</full-title><abbr-1>Pediatric pulmonology</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Pediatr Pulmonol</full-title><abbr-1>Pediatric pulmonology</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>209-17</pages><volume>34</volume><number>3</number><edition>2002/08/31</edition><keywords><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Hypoventilation/etiology</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Respiration Disorders/*etiology/physiopathology/therapy</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/etiology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Arousal Disorders/etiology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Wake Disorders/*etiology/physiopathology/therapy</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2002</year><pub-dates><date>Sep</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>8755-6863 (Print)&#xD;1099-0496</isbn><accession-num>12203850</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1002/ppul.10152</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Deal</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>26</RecNum><record><rec-number>26</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457211087">26</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Deal, C. L.</author><author>Tony, M.</author><author>Hoybye, C.</author><author>Allen, D. B.</author><author>Tauber, M.</author><author>Christiansen, J. S.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Research Center and Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3T 1C5. Cheri.L.Deal@umontreal.ca</auth-address><titles><title>GrowthHormone Research Society workshop summary: consensus guidelines for recombinant human growth hormone therapy in Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</secondary-title><alt-title>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>E1072-87</pages><volume>98</volume><number>6</number><edition>2013/04/02</edition><keywords><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/administration &amp; dosage/adverse effects/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Practice Guidelines as Topic</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*drug therapy/physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Recombinant Proteins/therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Treatment Outcome</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2013</year><pub-dates><date>Jun</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0021-972x</isbn><accession-num>23543664</accession-num><urls></urls><custom2>Pmc3789886</custom2><electronic-resource-num>10.1210/jc.2012-3888</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Bruni</Author><Year>2010</Year><RecNum>10</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">2,13</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>10</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457158656">10</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Bruni, O.</author><author>Verrillo, E.</author><author>Novelli, L.</author><author>Ferri, R.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Developmental Neurology and Psychiatry, Centre for Pediatric Sleep Disorders, Sapienza University, Via dei Sabelli 108, Rome, Italy. oliviero.bruni@uniroma1.it</auth-address><titles><title>Prader-Willi syndrome: sorting out the relationships between obesity, hypersomnia, and sleep apnea</title><secondary-title>Curr Opin Pulm Med</secondary-title><alt-title>Current opinion in pulmonary medicine</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Curr Opin Pulm Med</full-title><abbr-1>Current opinion in pulmonary medicine</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Curr Opin Pulm Med</full-title><abbr-1>Current opinion in pulmonary medicine</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>568-73</pages><volume>16</volume><number>6</number><edition>2010/09/04</edition><keywords><keyword>Comorbidity</keyword><keyword>Disorders of Excessive Somnolence/epidemiology/etiology/*physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Hypothalamus/physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Obesity/epidemiology/*physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications/epidemiology/*physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/epidemiology/*physiopathology</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2010</year><pub-dates><date>Nov</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1070-5287</isbn><accession-num>20814307</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1097/MCP.0b013e32833ef547</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Nixon</Author><Year>2002</Year><RecNum>13</RecNum><record><rec-number>13</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457189542">13</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Nixon, G. M.</author><author>Brouillette, R. T.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children&apos;s Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.</auth-address><titles><title>Sleep and breathing in Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>Pediatr Pulmonol</secondary-title><alt-title>Pediatric pulmonology</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Pediatr Pulmonol</full-title><abbr-1>Pediatric pulmonology</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Pediatr Pulmonol</full-title><abbr-1>Pediatric pulmonology</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>209-17</pages><volume>34</volume><number>3</number><edition>2002/08/31</edition><keywords><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Hypoventilation/etiology</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Respiration Disorders/*etiology/physiopathology/therapy</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/etiology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Arousal Disorders/etiology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Wake Disorders/*etiology/physiopathology/therapy</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2002</year><pub-dates><date>Sep</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>8755-6863 (Print)&#xD;1099-0496</isbn><accession-num>12203850</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1002/ppul.10152</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Bruni</Author><Year>2010</Year><RecNum>10</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">2,13</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>10</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457158656">10</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Bruni, O.</author><author>Verrillo, E.</author><author>Novelli, L.</author><author>Ferri, R.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Developmental Neurology and Psychiatry, Centre for Pediatric Sleep Disorders, Sapienza University, Via dei Sabelli 108, Rome, Italy. oliviero.bruni@uniroma1.it</auth-address><titles><title>Prader-Willi syndrome: sorting out the relationships between obesity, hypersomnia, and sleep apnea</title><secondary-title>Curr Opin Pulm Med</secondary-title><alt-title>Current opinion in pulmonary medicine</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Curr Opin Pulm Med</full-title><abbr-1>Current opinion in pulmonary medicine</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Curr Opin Pulm Med</full-title><abbr-1>Current opinion in pulmonary medicine</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>568-73</pages><volume>16</volume><number>6</number><edition>2010/09/04</edition><keywords><keyword>Comorbidity</keyword><keyword>Disorders of Excessive Somnolence/epidemiology/etiology/*physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Hypothalamus/physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Obesity/epidemiology/*physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications/epidemiology/*physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/epidemiology/*physiopathology</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2010</year><pub-dates><date>Nov</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1070-5287</isbn><accession-num>20814307</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1097/MCP.0b013e32833ef547</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Nixon</Author><Year>2002</Year><RecNum>13</RecNum><record><rec-number>13</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457189542">13</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Nixon, G. M.</author><author>Brouillette, R. T.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children&apos;s Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.</auth-address><titles><title>Sleep and breathing in Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>Pediatr Pulmonol</secondary-title><alt-title>Pediatric pulmonology</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Pediatr Pulmonol</full-title><abbr-1>Pediatric pulmonology</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Pediatr Pulmonol</full-title><abbr-1>Pediatric pulmonology</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>209-17</pages><volume>34</volume><number>3</number><edition>2002/08/31</edition><keywords><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Hypoventilation/etiology</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Respiration Disorders/*etiology/physiopathology/therapy</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/etiology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Arousal Disorders/etiology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Wake Disorders/*etiology/physiopathology/therapy</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2002</year><pub-dates><date>Sep</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>8755-6863 (Print)&#xD;1099-0496</isbn><accession-num>12203850</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1002/ppul.10152</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>JD<EndNote><Cite><Author>Bruni</Author><Year>2010</Year><RecNum>10</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">2,13,29</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>10</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457158656">10</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Bruni, O.</author><author>Verrillo, E.</author><author>Novelli, L.</author><author>Ferri, R.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Developmental Neurology and Psychiatry, Centre for Pediatric Sleep Disorders, Sapienza University, Via dei Sabelli 108, Rome, Italy. oliviero.bruni@uniroma1.it</auth-address><titles><title>Prader-Willi syndrome: sorting out the relationships between obesity, hypersomnia, and sleep apnea</title><secondary-title>Curr Opin Pulm Med</secondary-title><alt-title>Current opinion in pulmonary medicine</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Curr Opin Pulm Med</full-title><abbr-1>Current opinion in pulmonary medicine</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Curr Opin Pulm Med</full-title><abbr-1>Current opinion in pulmonary medicine</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>568-73</pages><volume>16</volume><number>6</number><edition>2010/09/04</edition><keywords><keyword>Comorbidity</keyword><keyword>Disorders of Excessive Somnolence/epidemiology/etiology/*physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Hypothalamus/physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Obesity/epidemiology/*physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications/epidemiology/*physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/epidemiology/*physiopathology</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2010</year><pub-dates><date>Nov</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1070-5287</isbn><accession-num>20814307</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1097/MCP.0b013e32833ef547</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Nixon</Author><Year>2002</Year><RecNum>13</RecNum><record><rec-number>13</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457189542">13</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Nixon, G. M.</author><author>Brouillette, R. T.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children&apos;s Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.</auth-address><titles><title>Sleep and breathing in Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>Pediatr Pulmonol</secondary-title><alt-title>Pediatric pulmonology</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Pediatr Pulmonol</full-title><abbr-1>Pediatric pulmonology</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Pediatr Pulmonol</full-title><abbr-1>Pediatric pulmonology</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>209-17</pages><volume>34</volume><number>3</number><edition>2002/08/31</edition><keywords><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Hypoventilation/etiology</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Respiration Disorders/*etiology/physiopathology/therapy</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/etiology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Arousal Disorders/etiology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Wake Disorders/*etiology/physiopathology/therapy</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2002</year><pub-dates><date>Sep</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>8755-6863 (Print)&#xD;1099-0496</isbn><accession-num>12203850</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1002/ppul.10152</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Deal</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>26</RecNum><record><rec-number>26</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457211087">26</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Deal, C. L.</author><author>Tony, M.</author><author>Hoybye, C.</author><author>Allen, D. B.</author><author>Tauber, M.</author><author>Christiansen, J. S.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Research Center and Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3T 1C5. Cheri.L.Deal@umontreal.ca</auth-address><titles><title>GrowthHormone Research Society workshop summary: consensus guidelines for recombinant human growth hormone therapy in Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</secondary-title><alt-title>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>E1072-87</pages><volume>98</volume><number>6</number><edition>2013/04/02</edition><keywords><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/administration &amp; dosage/adverse effects/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Practice Guidelines as Topic</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*drug therapy/physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Recombinant Proteins/therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Treatment Outcome</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2013</year><pub-dates><date>Jun</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0021-972x</isbn><accession-num>23543664</accession-num><urls></urls><custom2>Pmc3789886</custom2><electronic-resource-num>10.1210/jc.2012-3888</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>JD<EndNote><Cite><Author>Bruni</Author><Year>2010</Year><RecNum>10</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">2,13,29</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>10</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457158656">10</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Bruni, O.</author><author>Verrillo, E.</author><author>Novelli, L.</author><author>Ferri, R.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Developmental Neurology and Psychiatry, Centre for Pediatric Sleep Disorders, Sapienza University, Via dei Sabelli 108, Rome, Italy. oliviero.bruni@uniroma1.it</auth-address><titles><title>Prader-Willi syndrome: sorting out the relationships between obesity, hypersomnia, and sleep apnea</title><secondary-title>Curr Opin Pulm Med</secondary-title><alt-title>Current opinion in pulmonary medicine</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Curr Opin Pulm Med</full-title><abbr-1>Current opinion in pulmonary medicine</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Curr Opin Pulm Med</full-title><abbr-1>Current opinion in pulmonary medicine</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>568-73</pages><volume>16</volume><number>6</number><edition>2010/09/04</edition><keywords><keyword>Comorbidity</keyword><keyword>Disorders of Excessive Somnolence/epidemiology/etiology/*physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Hypothalamus/physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Obesity/epidemiology/*physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications/epidemiology/*physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/epidemiology/*physiopathology</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2010</year><pub-dates><date>Nov</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1070-5287</isbn><accession-num>20814307</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1097/MCP.0b013e32833ef547</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Nixon</Author><Year>2002</Year><RecNum>13</RecNum><record><rec-number>13</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457189542">13</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Nixon, G. M.</author><author>Brouillette, R. T.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children&apos;s Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.</auth-address><titles><title>Sleep and breathing in Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>Pediatr Pulmonol</secondary-title><alt-title>Pediatric pulmonology</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Pediatr Pulmonol</full-title><abbr-1>Pediatric pulmonology</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Pediatr Pulmonol</full-title><abbr-1>Pediatric pulmonology</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>209-17</pages><volume>34</volume><number>3</number><edition>2002/08/31</edition><keywords><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Hypoventilation/etiology</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Respiration Disorders/*etiology/physiopathology/therapy</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/etiology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Arousal Disorders/etiology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Wake Disorders/*etiology/physiopathology/therapy</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2002</year><pub-dates><date>Sep</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>8755-6863 (Print)&#xD;1099-0496</isbn><accession-num>12203850</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1002/ppul.10152</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Deal</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>26</RecNum><record><rec-number>26</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457211087">26</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Deal, C. L.</author><author>Tony, M.</author><author>Hoybye, C.</author><author>Allen, D. B.</author><author>Tauber, M.</author><author>Christiansen, J. S.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Research Center and Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3T 1C5. Cheri.L.Deal@umontreal.ca</auth-address><titles><title>GrowthHormone Research Society workshop summary: consensus guidelines for recombinant human growth hormone therapy in Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</secondary-title><alt-title>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</full-title><abbr-1>The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>E1072-87</pages><volume>98</volume><number>6</number><edition>2013/04/02</edition><keywords><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Human Growth Hormone/administration &amp; dosage/adverse effects/*therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Practice Guidelines as Topic</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*drug therapy/physiopathology</keyword><keyword>Recombinant Proteins/therapeutic use</keyword><keyword>Treatment Outcome</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2013</year><pub-dates><date>Jun</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0021-972x</isbn><accession-num>23543664</accession-num><urls></urls><custom2>Pmc3789886</custom2><electronic-resource-num>10.1210/jc.2012-3888</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>�
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Part A</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Am J Med Genet A</full-title><abbr-1>American journal of medical genetics. Part A</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Am J Med Genet A</full-title><abbr-1>American journal of medical genetics. Part A</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>881-7</pages><volume>146a</volume><number>7</number><edition>2008/03/08</edition><keywords><keyword>Cause of Death</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>France/epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*mortality</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2008</year><pub-dates><date>Apr 1</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1552-4825</isbn><accession-num>18324685</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1002/ajmg.a.32131</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Pavone</Author><Year>2006</Year><RecNum>7</RecNum><record><rec-number>7</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457134467">7</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Pavone, M.</author><author>Paglietti, M. G.</author><author>Petrone, A.</author><author>Crino, A.</author><author>De Vincentiis, G. C.</author><author>Cutrera, R.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Respiratory Unit, Bambino Gesu Children&apos;s Research Hospital, Rome, Italy. pavone@opbg.net</auth-address><titles><title>Adenotonsillectomy for obstructive sleep apnea in children with Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>Pediatr Pulmonol</secondary-title><alt-title>Pediatric pulmonology</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Pediatr Pulmonol</full-title><abbr-1>Pediatric pulmonology</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Pediatr Pulmonol</full-title><abbr-1>Pediatric pulmonology</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>74-9</pages><volume>41</volume><number>1</number><edition>2005/11/12</edition><keywords><keyword>Adenoidectomy/*methods</keyword><keyword>Adenoids/pathology/surgery</keyword><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Follow-Up Studies</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Hypertrophy</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Obesity/complications</keyword><keyword>Palatine Tonsil/pathology/surgery</keyword><keyword>Postoperative Complications/epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/*complications</keyword><keyword>Risk Factors</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/*complications/*surgery</keyword><keyword>Tonsillectomy/*methods</keyword><keyword>Treatment Outcome</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2006</year><pub-dates><date>Jan</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>8755-6863 (Print)&#xD;1099-0496</isbn><accession-num>16283627</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1002/ppul.20334</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Pavone</Author><Year>2006</Year><RecNum>7</RecNum><record><rec-number>7</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457134467">7</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Pavone, M.</author><author>Paglietti, M. G.</author><author>Petrone, A.</author><author>Crino, A.</author><author>De Vincentiis, G. 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R.</author><author>Zipf, W.</author><author>Atkins, J.</author><author>Jatana, K.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Outcomes of adenotonsillectomy in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg</secondary-title><alt-title>Archives of otolaryngology--head &amp; neck surgery</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg</full-title><abbr-1>Archives of otolaryngology--head &amp; neck surgery</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg</full-title><abbr-1>Archives of otolaryngology--head &amp; neck surgery</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>1047-51</pages><volume>138</volume><number>11</number><edition>2012/11/21</edition><keywords><keyword>Adenoidectomy/*methods</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Cohort Studies</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Follow-Up Studies</keyword><keyword>Hospitals, Pediatric</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Polysomnography/methods</keyword><keyword>Postoperative Care/methods</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications/diagnosis/*surgery</keyword><keyword>Retrospective Studies</keyword><keyword>Risk Assessment</keyword><keyword>Severity of Illness Index</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea Syndromes/diagnosis/etiology/*surgery</keyword><keyword>Tonsillectomy/*methods</keyword><keyword>Treatment Outcome</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2012</year><pub-dates><date>Nov</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0886-4470</isbn><accession-num>23165379</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1001/2013.jamaoto.64</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>�
D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Sedky</Author><Year>2014</Year><RecNum>12</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">14</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>12</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457185411">12</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Sedky, K.</author><author>Bennett, D. S.</author><author>Pumariega, A.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Psychiatry, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ.&#xD;Department of Psychiatry, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA.</auth-address><titles><title>Prader Willi syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea: co-occurrence in the pediatric population</title><secondary-title>J Clin Sleep Med</secondary-title><alt-title>Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Clin Sleep Med</full-title><abbr-1>Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Clin Sleep Med</full-title><abbr-1>Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>403-9</pages><volume>10</volume><number>4</number><edition>2014/04/16</edition><keywords><keyword>Adenoidectomy</keyword><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Age Factors</keyword><keyword>Body Mass Index</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Comorbidity</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Narcolepsy/complications/epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications/*epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Prevalence</keyword><keyword>Severity of Illness Index</keyword><keyword>Sex Factors</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/complications/*epidemiology/surgery</keyword><keyword>Tonsillectomy</keyword><keyword>Treatment Outcome</keyword><keyword>Young Adult</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi syndrome</keyword><keyword>meta-analysis</keyword><keyword>narcolepsy</keyword><keyword>obstructive sleep apnea</keyword><keyword>sleep disordered breathing</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2014</year><pub-dates><date>Apr 15</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1550-9389</isbn><accession-num>24733986</accession-num><urls></urls><custom2>Pmc3960383</custom2><electronic-resource-num>10.5664/jcsm.3616</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>�
D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Sedky</Author><Year>2014</Year><RecNum>12</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">14</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>12</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457185411">12</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Sedky, K.</author><author>Bennett, D. S.</author><author>Pumariega, A.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Psychiatry, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ.&#xD;Department of Psychiatry, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA.</auth-address><titles><title>Prader Willi syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea: co-occurrence in the pediatric population</title><secondary-title>J Clin Sleep Med</secondary-title><alt-title>Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Clin Sleep Med</full-title><abbr-1>Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Clin Sleep Med</full-title><abbr-1>Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>403-9</pages><volume>10</volume><number>4</number><edition>2014/04/16</edition><keywords><keyword>Adenoidectomy</keyword><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Age Factors</keyword><keyword>Body Mass Index</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Comorbidity</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Narcolepsy/complications/epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications/*epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Prevalence</keyword><keyword>Severity of Illness Index</keyword><keyword>Sex Factors</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/complications/*epidemiology/surgery</keyword><keyword>Tonsillectomy</keyword><keyword>Treatment Outcome</keyword><keyword>Young Adult</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi syndrome</keyword><keyword>meta-analysis</keyword><keyword>narcolepsy</keyword><keyword>obstructive sleep apnea</keyword><keyword>sleep disordered breathing</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2014</year><pub-dates><date>Apr 15</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1550-9389</isbn><accession-num>24733986</accession-num><urls></urls><custom2>Pmc3960383</custom2><electronic-resource-num>10.5664/jcsm.3616</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>	D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Meyer</Author><Year>2012</Year><RecNum>11</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">32</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>11</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457185376">11</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Meyer, S. L.</author><author>Splaingard, M.</author><author>Repaske, D. R.</author><author>Zipf, W.</author><author>Atkins, J.</author><author>Jatana, K.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Outcomes of adenotonsillectomy in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg</secondary-title><alt-title>Archives of otolaryngology--head &amp; neck surgery</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg</full-title><abbr-1>Archives of otolaryngology--head &amp; neck surgery</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg</full-title><abbr-1>Archives of otolaryngology--head &amp; neck surgery</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>1047-51</pages><volume>138</volume><number>11</number><edition>2012/11/21</edition><keywords><keyword>Adenoidectomy/*methods</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Cohort Studies</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Follow-Up Studies</keyword><keyword>Hospitals, Pediatric</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Polysomnography/methods</keyword><keyword>Postoperative Care/methods</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications/diagnosis/*surgery</keyword><keyword>Retrospective Studies</keyword><keyword>Risk Assessment</keyword><keyword>Severity of Illness Index</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea Syndromes/diagnosis/etiology/*surgery</keyword><keyword>Tonsillectomy/*methods</keyword><keyword>Treatment Outcome</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2012</year><pub-dates><date>Nov</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0886-4470</isbn><accession-num>23165379</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1001/2013.jamaoto.64</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>	D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Meyer</Author><Year>2012</Year><RecNum>11</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">32</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>11</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457185376">11</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Meyer, S. L.</author><author>Splaingard, M.</author><author>Repaske, D. R.</author><author>Zipf, W.</author><author>Atkins, J.</author><author>Jatana, K.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Outcomes of adenotonsillectomy in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg</secondary-title><alt-title>Archives of otolaryngology--head &amp; neck surgery</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg</full-title><abbr-1>Archives of otolaryngology--head &amp; neck surgery</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg</full-title><abbr-1>Archives of otolaryngology--head &amp; neck surgery</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>1047-51</pages><volume>138</volume><number>11</number><edition>2012/11/21</edition><keywords><keyword>Adenoidectomy/*methods</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Cohort Studies</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Follow-Up Studies</keyword><keyword>Hospitals, Pediatric</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Polysomnography/methods</keyword><keyword>Postoperative Care/methods</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications/diagnosis/*surgery</keyword><keyword>Retrospective Studies</keyword><keyword>Risk Assessment</keyword><keyword>Severity of Illness Index</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea Syndromes/diagnosis/etiology/*surgery</keyword><keyword>Tonsillectomy/*methods</keyword><keyword>Treatment Outcome</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2012</year><pub-dates><date>Nov</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0886-4470</isbn><accession-num>23165379</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1001/2013.jamaoto.64</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>�D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Wong</Author><Year>2010</Year><RecNum>32</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">46</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>32</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457726504">32</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Wong, C. P.</author><author>Ng, D. K.</author><author>Ma, T. M.</author><author>Chau, C.</author><author>Chow, P. Y.</author><author>Kwok, K. L.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Paediatrics, Kwong Wah Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.</auth-address><titles><title>Improvement in quality of life after adenotonsillectomy in a child with Prader Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>Sleep Breath</secondary-title><alt-title>Sleep &amp; breathing = Schlaf &amp; Atmung</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Sleep Breath</full-title><abbr-1>Sleep &amp; breathing = Schlaf &amp; Atmung</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Sleep Breath</full-title><abbr-1>Sleep &amp; breathing = Schlaf &amp; Atmung</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>167-70</pages><volume>14</volume><number>2</number><edition>2009/09/19</edition><keywords><keyword>Activities of Daily Living/classification/psychology</keyword><keyword>*Adenoidectomy</keyword><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Follow-Up Studies</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Neuropsychological Tests/statistics &amp; numerical data</keyword><keyword>Polysomnography</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/diagnosis/psychology/*surgery</keyword><keyword>Psychometrics</keyword><keyword>Quality of Life/*psychology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/diagnosis/psychology/*surgery</keyword><keyword>*Tonsillectomy</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2010</year><pub-dates><date>Jun</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1520-9512</isbn><accession-num>19763652</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1007/s11325-009-0297-8</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>�D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Wong</Author><Year>2010</Year><RecNum>32</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">46</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>32</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457726504">32</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Wong, C. P.</author><author>Ng, D. K.</author><author>Ma, T. M.</author><author>Chau, C.</author><author>Chow, P. Y.</author><author>Kwok, K. L.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Paediatrics, Kwong Wah Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.</auth-address><titles><title>Improvement in quality of life after adenotonsillectomy in a child with Prader Willi syndrome</title><secondary-title>Sleep Breath</secondary-title><alt-title>Sleep &amp; breathing = Schlaf &amp; Atmung</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Sleep Breath</full-title><abbr-1>Sleep &amp; breathing = Schlaf &amp; Atmung</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>Sleep Breath</full-title><abbr-1>Sleep &amp; breathing = Schlaf &amp; Atmung</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>167-70</pages><volume>14</volume><number>2</number><edition>2009/09/19</edition><keywords><keyword>Activities of Daily Living/classification/psychology</keyword><keyword>*Adenoidectomy</keyword><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Follow-Up Studies</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Neuropsychological Tests/statistics &amp; numerical data</keyword><keyword>Polysomnography</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/diagnosis/psychology/*surgery</keyword><keyword>Psychometrics</keyword><keyword>Quality of Life/*psychology</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/diagnosis/psychology/*surgery</keyword><keyword>*Tonsillectomy</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2010</year><pub-dates><date>Jun</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1520-9512</isbn><accession-num>19763652</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1007/s11325-009-0297-8</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>�
D<EndNote><Cite><Author>Sedky</Author><Year>2014</Year><RecNum>12</RecNum><DisplayText><style face="superscript">14</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>12</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="ed9dvf9tgvxaemewe2av5wsdeadrdxssv0e2" timestamp="1457185411">12</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Sedky, K.</author><author>Bennett, D. S.</author><author>Pumariega, A.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Psychiatry, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ.&#xD;Department of Psychiatry, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA.</auth-address><titles><title>Prader Willi syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea: co-occurrence in the pediatric population</title><secondary-title>J Clin Sleep Med</secondary-title><alt-title>Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>J Clin Sleep Med</full-title><abbr-1>Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine</abbr-1></periodical><alt-periodical><full-title>J Clin Sleep Med</full-title><abbr-1>Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine</abbr-1></alt-periodical><pages>403-9</pages><volume>10</volume><number>4</number><edition>2014/04/16</edition><keywords><keyword>Adenoidectomy</keyword><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Age Factors</keyword><keyword>Body Mass Index</keyword><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Child, Preschool</keyword><keyword>Comorbidity</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Infant</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Narcolepsy/complications/epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi Syndrome/complications/*epidemiology</keyword><keyword>Prevalence</keyword><keyword>Severity of Illness Index</keyword><keyword>Sex Factors</keyword><keyword>Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/complications/*epidemiology/surgery</keyword><keyword>Tonsillectomy</keyword><keyword>Treatment Outcome</keyword><keyword>Young Adult</keyword><keyword>Prader-Willi syndrome</keyword><keyword>meta-analysis</keyword><keyword>narcolepsy</keyword><keyword>obstructive sleep apnea</keyword><keyword>sleep disordered breathing</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2014</year><pub-dates><date>Apr 15</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1550-9389</isbn><accession-num>24733986</accession-num><urls></urls><custom2>Pmc3960383</custom2><electronic-resource-num>10.5664/jcsm.3616</electronic-resource-num><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>�
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