BARRIER BEACHES AND ISLANDS: DYNAMIC COASTAL SYSTEMS IN A CHANGING ENVIRONMENT

Barrier beaches and islands are dynamic coastal features that play a vital role in buffering shorelines from storm surge, shaping sedimentary environments, and providing habitats for diverse biota. Formed and maintained by waves, tides, and sediment supply, these landforms evolve through interactions between marine and terrestrial processes. In the face of sea‑level rise, storm intensification, and human intervention, understanding the morphology, dynamics, and resilience of barrier systems is essential for coastal management. This article reviews the formation, function, and challenges associated with barrier beaches and islands, highlighting their importance in coastal resilience and ecosystem services.