Biodiversity Conservation in Wetland Ecosystems: Strategies and Challenges

Wetlands are among the most productive and biologically diverse
ecosystems on Earth, providing critical habitats for numerous
species and essential ecological services. However, these
ecosystems face unprecedented threats from habitat loss, pollution,
invasive species, and climate change. This article reviews the
ecological significance of wetlands, highlighting their roles in
biodiversity conservation, nutrient cycling, water purification, and
carbon sequestration. It examines various conservation strategies,
including habitat restoration, protected area designation, sustainable
water management, and community-based stewardship. Challenges
such as balancing human development needs, mitigating pollution
sources, and adapting to climate change impacts are discussed.
The paper underscores the importance of integrated conservation
approaches that combine scientific research, policy frameworks,
and local engagement. Effective wetland conservation not only
safeguards biodiversity but also enhances ecosystem resilience and
sustains human livelihoods dependent on these vital landscapes.