Phenotypic IgA Deficit(SIgAD) or Probably (PIgAD) and Related Diseases Associations during 4 years of Research in Latin-American Kids

Abstract

Introduction:

 The early diagnosis of IgA Deficit confirmed (SIgAD) or probably (PIgAD) is very important, the correct diagnosis and clinical follow-up improves the quality of life of these patients. We know, within the years, they can development other pathologies, actually, the guides only follow up in patients with confirmed deficit, but we see many kids with normal levels of IgA with symptoms and we consider it very important to evaluate of both group.

Objective: Describe the phenotype characteristic and associated pathologies of SIgAD and PIgAD during 4 years of research in Latin-American kids.

Materials and methods: Descriptive observational design, of boys and girls from 8 months to 18 years old, diagnosed with low levels of IgA, registered from 1998 until June 2012, who had completed 4 years of follow up since diagnosis, clinical and laboratory registration. For the study were divide in 2 groups. The first group (A) patients older than 4 years and with IgA level less than or equal to 7 mg/dl (called group SIgAD), and the second one (B) patients with of varied ages and IgA levels higher than 7 mg/dl and lower than 50 mg/dl (called group PIgAD).

Results: 43 patients filled the selection criteria and were register, from 6-referent center, average age 27, 6 months (2.3 years old), were included 18 in the GROUP A and 25 in the GROUP B. Both groups presented associate pathology, 10 patients in the GROUP A such as Vitíligo (2), Protein allergy to cow's milk (4) and allergy Rhinitis (4); on the other hand, 8 kids in the GROUP B, Allergic Rhinitis (6) and Asthma (2). No one patient of any group has presented oncology diseases and autoimmune diseases until the end ofresearch.

Conclusions: It is very important the follow up of both groups, because of the both group presented complications with the years. In this study, we can observe that there is more complication with allergic pathologies in the group B and they are not having food allergy. On the other hand, in the group A, the absence of Asthma, like the pathology associated, is strange, but we need more study like these, with a bigger population, to get conclusions more accurate and avoid statistics interpretation mistakes.

Keywords:  Allergy; Asthma; Cow’s milk; Selective IgA déficit; Vitíligo