REGIONAL CLIMATE: THEORY VARIABILITY AND CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS

Regional climate refers to the characteristic long‑term weather patterns and variations observed over a specific geographic area that distinguish that region’s climate from the global average. While global climate summarizes large‑scale trends, regional climates capture the spatial variability driven by topography, land‑ocean contrasts, circulation patterns, and local forcing processes. This article reviews the concept of regional climate, influential factors, and key methods for its study. It also outlines how regional climate analysis is essential for interpreting climate change impacts at local to continental scales and informing effective adaptation strategies.