Rizwan Mahmood1 Author

Special Issue Article Open Access

Changes in biochemical composition of citrus peel essential oils in relation to different temperature levels in steam distillation

Author(s):

Rizwan Mahmood1, Saeed Ahmad2 M .Jafar Jaskani2 and Muhammad Ahmad Zeshan3

 

Citrus is a major fruit crop of Pakistan. Its production is 2150 thousand tons in Pakistan.  Its peel is being wasted but Citrus peel essential oils can be used in industries such as cosmetics, perfumery, baking and medicines. Three citrus cultivars namely Citrus paradisi (grapefruit), Citrus reticulata (kinnow) and Citrus sinensis (musambi) were used in this study. Steam distillation is an easiest and cheapest method for essential oils production.  In steam distillation extraction temperature is an important parameter to be effected on the basic quality of essential oils. Three temperature levels such as 105oC, 110oC and 120oC were used in steam distillation to extract the essential oils. It was observed that at higher temperature yield, oil density and refractive index were ... view more»

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