Editorial, J Mar Biol Oceanogr Vol: 10 Issue: 4

Nanotechnology in Aquaculture as a Novel Tool in Fish Disease Control

Maty Luna*

Editorial Office, Journal of Marine Biology and Oceanography, London, United Kingdom

*Corresponding Author: Maty Luna
Editorial Office
Journal of Marine Biology and Oceanography
London, United Kingdom
E-mail: maty_luna@hotmail.com

Received: June 20, 2021 Accepted: June 27, 2021 Published: June 30, 2021

Abstract

Keywords: Nanotechnology, Aquaculture

Editorial

Aquaculture has played a crucial part in meeting the massive demand for animal protein and, as a result, in food security in recent decades. Contamination of the environment and the frequency of diseases, on the other hand, are seen as critical difficulties for the industry. In this regard, new technological ways have been paved to successfully cope with such issues. Nanotechnology, as a novel and innovative instrument, offers a wide range of applications and has enormous potential in aquaculture and seafood preservation. It has the potential to develop new technologies for drug management and vaccine liberation, ensuring civilised protection of farmed fish against diseasecausing microorganisms.

The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of nanotechnology and its applications in aquaculture. It also includes a basic overview of fish disease and traditional pathogen management methods. On the other hand, this review highlights nanotechnology as a potentially innovative tool for disease management and control. As a result, the significance of this technology in promoting sustainable aquaculture has been emphasised. In this article, the role of selenium nanoparticles as an efficient element is also highlighted. Different types of protein can be found in both terrestrial and aquatic species. Nonetheless, aquatic protein sources are preferred due to beneficial health impacts and crucial dietary compositional properties. In practically every country on the planet, fish is considered a necessary component of the human diet. It provides around 17% of the animal protein consumed by the world's population. Fish are essential for human nutrition, food security, and livelihood. Fish provide the highest-quality protein sources as well as a wide range of other nutrients, including important amino acids and fatty acids, vitamins, and other necessary elements like iodine and selenium that are not present in other crops or meat. Iron, calcium, zinc, iodine (from marine fish), phosphorus, selenium, and fluorine are minerals found in fish. Once taken in by the body, these minerals are very bioavailable.

Fish is high in vitamin B complex, and liver oil is high in fat-soluble vitamins A, E, K, and D, as well as other vitamins such as Vitamin E, Vitamin K, and Vitamin C. Fish oil is high in Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs), particularly omega fatty acids, which are not synthesised by the human body. The major building blocks of our neurological system are omega-3 fatty acids like Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) and Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA). Fish and fish products are predicted to rise in popularity as the world's population grows, as they are the cheapest and most readily available animal proteins compared to other animal protein sources. Fish is an important element of the diet of poor people who rely on staple foods (such as maize, rice, and other cereals), and it helps to balance the calorie/ protein ratio, with 150 g of fish protein providing around 50%-60% of an adult's daily protein need. Consumption of fish, particularly oily fish, has been shown to reduce the risk of death from Coronary Heart Disease (CHD). However, the aquaculture sector remains questionable in terms of its long-term viability, with ever-increasing waste from aquaculture having negative consequences on both productivity within aquaculture systems and the aquatic environment. Nanotechnology is rapidly emerging as the new platform for science and technology for the next generation of agri-food system growth and transformation in this area.