Bleb independent glaucoma surgery to activate uveolymphatic outflow pathway of aqueous humor - short-term clinical and optical coherence tomography evaluation results
Syeed Mehbub Ul Kadir
Assistant Professor, Bangladesh Eye Hospital and Institute, Dhaka
: Int J Ophthalmic Pathol
Abstract
The most common primary eyelid cancers are basal cell carcinoma (BCC), Squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC), Sebaceous gland carcinoma (SGC) also known as Meibomian gland carcinoma, Malignant Melanoma, Merkel cell carcinoma, and Kaposi sarcoma. All eyelid cancer tends to spread to the surrounding structures and may metastasize to the regional lymph nodes and sometimes spread to the distant organs except basal cell carcinoma. The frequency of the eyelid malignant tumors depends on the geographic location and varies from country to country. In USA, basal cell carcinomas account 90-95% of all eyelid malignant tumors, whereas squamous cell carcinoma and sebaceous gland carcinoma make up only less than 10%. Sebaceous gland carcinoma accounts for less than 1% of all eyelid tumors. This study aims to describe the profile of malignant tumors of the eyelid and also to explicate the clinical features and management strategies of eyelid malignancies in Bangladesh. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was done at five tertiary eye hospitals, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period of 01 January 2020 to 31 December 2020. We analyzed all the data of the histologically proved malignant tumors of the eyelid among the referral patients with clinically evaluated all 1786 eyelid tumors those who were attending at the department of Oculoplasty of five tertiary eye care hospitals in Bangladesh from 2009 to 2019. Surgical management was performed by incision biopsy, excision biopsy with 2-3 mm normal tissue or frozen section control biopsy followed by appropriate eyelid reconstruction. Results: Total diagnosed eyelid tumors were 1786. Among them 348 (19.5%) cases were eyelid malignancies. Sebaceous gland carcinoma (SGC) was highest in frequency that was 146 (42%) followed by 132 (38%) cases of basal cell carcinoma (BCC), 62 (18%) cases of squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC), and 8 (02%) cases of malignant melanoma (MM). Frozen section biopsy reduces the rate of recurrence (3%) compared to excision biopsy with or without exenteration (21.5%). The recurrence rate was high in the cases of sebaceous gland carcinoma. Conclusion: Sebaceous gland carcinoma (SGC) is found to be the highest among all the eyelid malignancies in Bangladesh that is different scenario from United States and European countries.
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