Decoding and localizing voluntary gaze abnormalities based upon clinical examination in multiple sclerosis
Amar Kulkarni
Doctor Eye Institute, India
: Int J Ophthalmic Pathol
Abstract
Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system leading to disability, especially in young patients. Acute or chronic lesions of MS within the brainstem and the cerebellum frequently results in ocular motor diseases. Eye movement disorders have the potential of being utilized as structural and functional biomarkers of early cognitive deficit and possibly help in assessing disease status and progression.
Methods: Gaze movements require elaborate supranuclear coordination between various motor and sensory mechanisms. This study aims at simplifying the supranuclear control of eye movements and the abnormalities in voluntary gaze movements like INO, One and Half syndrome, Dorsal midbrain syndrome, gaze palsies and explains identification of site of demyelination on clinical examination.
Conclusion: Early detection of gaze palsies aids in diagnosis of various demyelinating conditions. This is also an important aspect of follow up examination as relapse; chronicity can be diagnosed with careful examination of gaze movements. The proper identification of voluntary gaze abnormality on clinical examination allows mapping out site of demyelination and making neuroimaging precise and easier.
Biography
Amar Kulkarni is a consultant ophthalmologist and phaco surgeon working in Doctor Eye Institute, India. He has completed his ophthalmology from Mysore Medical College and MM Joshi Eye Institute, India. He is an expert phaco surgeon who has performed more than 4000 cataract surgeries and handles all kinds of complicated cases. He is a very quick surgeon and expert in handling mass cases. His other areas of work include neuro-ophthalmology and medical retina. He is a fellow of the International Council of Ophthalmology. He has presented papers in state conferences and has published papers in international and national journals. He is very passionate about his work and likes to keep himself updated regularly.
E-mail: drkulkarniamar@gmail.com
