Effect of nano packing and aluminum on deterioration of soybean and corn seed in different storage condition
Farhad Barazandeh
University of Tehran, Iran
: J Plant Physiol Pathol
Abstract
The main goal of seed storage is to maintain the quality of seed from harvesting time till sowing it the next year. Among all factors, storage temperature and moisture content are the most important factors affecting seed longevity and vigour and by controlling these factors we could decrease the deterioration of seeds during storage. Using appropriate packaging is a good and easy way for controlling storage conditions. In this study, we investigated the effect of using different packages on the amount of deterioration in two seeds, soybean JK and maize 704 variety, kept in different moistures and temperatures conditions, and also we determined seed viability constants for them. Treatments were two types of package (nano and aluminium), three levels of moisture content (8, 12 and 16%), three temperatures (5, 20 and 35) and six storage periods (one, two, three, four, five and six months). The quality of stored seeds was tested by measuring different seed viability and vigour indices in each period. The results showed that with the increase in storage time, both seed viability and vigour decreased and it was more severe in high moisture and temperature treatments and in most indices the decrease was seen in the first month of storage in 16% seed water content and 10°C temperature treatment and not in other onces, which shows that storage condition is more important in storage than other factors. For all indices, germination rate and percentage, mean germination time (MGT), percentage of normal seedlings, seedling dry weight, vigour index and electrical conductivity, in both soybean and maize seeds, there were significant differences in main and quadratic interaction (time*package*moisture*temperature) at 1% probability level. The effect of package material was different in different moisture and temperature treatments, as seeds stored at nono packages showed less deterioration only in high moisture and temperatures, while, in low level moisture and temperature no significant difference was seen between aluminium and nono packages. Also, in most cases, seeds stored in aluminium packages lost viability and vigour in the first month of storage in 16% WC and 10°C, while in lost happened in the fifth and sixth month (four months delay) for seeds in nano packages. So, nono packages keeps the quality of seeds in improper storage conditions and therefore, good materials are recommended for seeds storage. Measuring the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase guaiacol) and malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide showed that antioxidant system was generally more active in nano seed packaging and the amount of malondialdehyde and peroxides hydrogen was observed more in aluminum seed packaging. Finally, by comparing the effects of different factors, seed water content and temperaturs are reported the most important facors in preserving seed quality and inhibiting seed aging during storage for soybean and maize seeds and nano seed packaging is better for storing seeds in higher temperature and humidity.
Biography
Farhad Barazandeh has completed his Bachelor degree from University of Tebriz and Master’s degree from University of Tehran Agriculture College. He has published a book entitled “Seed Technology” and more than five papers in reputed journals.
Email: farhad.barazandeh@yahoo.com
