Optimization of extraction methods for phenolic and antioxidants activity in Berberis asiatica fruits using response surface methodology
Tarun Belwal
G. B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development, India
: J Plant Physiol Pathol
Abstract
W ild fruits are known to play significant role in preventing free radicals mediated diseases. This property is largely due to the phenolic and other metabolites present in the fruits which are reported to have strong antioxidant activity. Considering to this study was designed to optimize the extraction of phenolic and antioxidants in Berberis asiatica fruits using response surface methodology (RSM). Solvent selection was done based on the preliminary experiments and a three-level-five-factor, Central Composite Design (CCD) consisted of 46 experiments was conducted to analyze the effect of extraction temperature (X 1 : 30-80°C), extraction time (X 2 : 30-90 min), sample to solvent ratio (X 3 : 1:10-1:50), pH of the solvent (X 4 : 3-5) and solvent concentration (X 5 : 20-80%) forextraction of total phenolic content (TPC), total anthocyanin content (TAC), total tannins content (TTC) and antioxidant activity [2,2-azinobis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS)]. Results revealed that extraction temperature (X 1 ), sample to solvent ratio (X 3 ) and solvent concentration (X 5 ) significantly influenced response variables and independent variables. The regression coefficient (R 2 ) was found satisfactory for all the models. The lack of fit was found non-significant (p>0.05) for TPC, TAC and TTC indicating that the models could adequately fit the experimental data. Response surface analysis showed that under optimal extraction conditions the phenolic antioxidant extraction maximized. These values are in accordance with the predicted values indicating the success of RSM in optimizing the extraction conditions. This method can be used further for scaling up nutraceutical and pharmaceutical applications and also can be implemented in other fruits of the region for harnessing their potential in commercial sector.
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