Guideline of Tumor Suppressor Genes in Acute Leukemia

Leukemia is malignancy of the white blood cells. Acute leukemia revenues the state of growths fast and aggressively, requiring immediate treatment. Acute leukemia is classified according to the type of white blood cells that are affected. In addition, the rate of infection it can be classified in to acute or chronic state.Although incredible efforts have been made in the identification of susceptible factors of leukemia, the pathogenesis of leukemia is not fully elucidated.  Common fragile sites (CFSs) are large chromosomal regions that are hot-spots for alterations specifically within malignant cells. The three most commonly expressed CFS regions (FRA3B, FRA16D and FRA6E) encompass genes that extent tremendously large genomic regions (FHIT, WWOX and PARK2, respectively), and these genes were established to occupation as essential tumor suppressors. The loss of expression of just FHIT or WWOX has been found to be associated with a worse overall clinical outcome. There were different causes for induced leukemia one of them genetic abnormalities. There was a big class of genes called tumor suppressor gene any gene mutation in this group lead to development of leukemia. Fragile Histidine Triad and WW-domain oxidoreductase are tumor suppressor genes; they are located on the most important fragile loci FRA3B and FRA16D at chromosome 3p14.2 and 16q23.3 respectively. Any change in gene expressions may be reflecting the presence of malignant tumor. There is no specific serum biochemical marker for detection of leukemias so; this study was planned to determine the prognostic significance of both FHIT and WWOX in acute leukemia.