Microbial Biotechnology: Applications, Advances, and Future Prospects

Microbial biotechnology has emerged as a transformative field that integrates microbiology, molecular biology, and biochemical engineering to harness microorganisms for industrial, environmental, and medical applications. Microbes contribute significantly to drug development, biofuel production, food processing, and bioremediation. Recent advancements in genome editing, synthetic biology, and metabolic engineering have expanded the potential of microbial systems for sustainable and scalable biotechnological solutions. This article provides an overview of key microbial biotechnology applications, current innovations, and the future direction of this rapidly evolving discipline.