Over the Bay of Bengal and the Central Equatorial Indian Ocean, There are Relationships between Sea Surface Temperature, Wind Speed, and Chlorophyll-A Concentration

The present study focuses at the interaction between SST, Chlorophyll-a concentration, and wind speed in the Bay of Bengal (BoB) and the Central Equatorial Indian Ocean (CEIO) through 2003 to 2018. MODIS AQUA monthly chlorophyll-a concentration and SST, along with NCEP wind speed, were used. In the Bay of Bengal, the lowest average Chlorophyll-a concentration was detected in June 2010 whereas the highest average Chlorophyll-a concentration was recorded in August 2006. In the CEIO, the lowest average Chlorophyll-a concentration were found in April 2016 whereas the highest average Chlorophyll-a concentration were found in December 2010. In the BOB, the lowest average SST was observed in January 2007 and the highest average SST was reported in May 2016, whereas in the CEIO, the lowest average SST was observed in January 2011 and the highest average SST were recorded in April 2016. The highest average wind speed in the BoB was recorded in September 2009, and the lowest average wind speed was recorded in October 2011. The CEIO records the highest average wind speed in July 2004 and the lowest average wind speed in March 2017. In the BoB and CEIO, we also found a rising trend in SST and a declining trend in Chlorophyll-a concentration. This data implies that Chlorophyll-a concentration and SST have a negative association, but Chlorophyll-a concentration and wind speed have a positive relationship. This work, on the other hand, adds to our understanding of phytoplankton in tropical oceans. The effects of wind speed, SST, and Chlorophyll-a concentration on each other are discussed.