Recent Advances in Phototherapy for Dermatological Disorders

Phototherapy has long been a mainstay in the treatment of various skin diseases, ranging from psoriasis and vitiligo to atopic dermatitis and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Over the past decade, innovations in light sources, wavelength optimization, and combination therapies have significantly enhanced the efficacy and safety of phototherapy. This article reviews the current understanding of phototherapy mechanisms, recent technological improvements, and clinical applications in dermatology. We also examine emerging techniques such as targeted excimer laser therapy, low-level light therapy, and combination regimens with biologics. Furthermore, we address the potential risks, including photodamage and carcinogenesis, and highlight strategies to minimize them. Current evidence suggests that phototherapy remains a valuable, cost-effective, and versatile treatment option, especially for patients unresponsive to systemic drugs, and future research is likely to refine its precision and expand its clinical utility.