Vectorial Capacity and the Mechanics of Vector-Borne Disease Spread

Vectorial capacity is a fundamental concept in vector biology that
quantifies the potential of a vector population to transmit a pathogen
to susceptible hosts. Unlike simple vector presence, vectorial capacity
incorporates multiple biological and environmental variables to
provide a dynamic estimate of disease transmission risk. It plays
a pivotal role in understanding the epidemiology of mosquito-borne
diseases such as malaria, dengue, and yellow fever. By assessing
parameters like biting rate, vector lifespan, and pathogen development
time, public health programs can evaluate outbreak potential and
guide intervention strategies.