International Journal of Mental Health & PsychiatryISSN: 2471-4372

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Review Article, Int J Ment Health Psychiatry Vol: 4 Issue: 2

Post-psychotic Depression: A Critical Review

Zaffer Iqbal1,4*, Nicholas Stenning2, Adrian Morton3, Anjula Gupta4 and Sophie Brown1

1Department of Psychology, Navigo CiC, UK

2Department of Psychology, University of Leeds, UK

3Department of Psychology, Reigate Psychology Service, UK

4Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, UK

*Corresponding Author : Zaffer Iqbal
Consultant Clinical Psychologist, Head of Psychology, NAViGO CiC NAViGO House, 3-7 Brighowgate, Grimsby, North East Lincolnshire, DN32 0QE, UK
Tel: 01472 808503
Fax: +91- 8974236218
E-mail: z.iqbal1@nhs.net

Received: April 17, 2018 Accepted: April 28, 2018 Published: May 02, 2018

Citation: Iqbal Z, Stenning N, Morton A, Gupta A, Brown S (2018) Post-psychotic Depression: A Critical Review. Int J Ment Health Psychiatry 4:2. doi: 10.4172/2471-4372.1000162

Abstract

Objective: To review the literature surrounding post-psychotic depression including its prevalence, potential pathways to its emergence and deficiencies in the current understanding. Method: Electronic literature search of PubMed, PsychINFO and Web of Knowledge using search terms relating to post-psychotic depression. Results: Prevalence rates have been clouded by heterogeneous samples. Three ontological theories were present in the literature. Evidence supported a range of pathways including post-psychotic depression as intrinsic to psychosis, as resulting from neuroleptic medication or as an emotional reaction to psychosis. Further research with homogeneous samples and precise definitions of post-psychotic depression are needed to confirm these findings. Methodological problems, inconsistencies in definition and implications for the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Edition (ICD-10) and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 4th Edition (DSM-IV) classification are discussed. Conclusion: Better understanding of the origins and course of post-psychotic depression is required to guide future research and treatment approaches. Clearer definition and samples are crucial in this endeavour. Review of the literature public policy relevance statement: Despite it prevalence the recognition of post-psychotic depression has been varied at best. The validation of promising theoretical models has not been undertaken resulting in a delay in the development of much-needed treatments. This review argues that psychological mechanisms are central to overcoming both these issues, and also improve understanding of this highly disabling problem in post-psychosis adjustment which has significant implications for poor recovery and suicide risk.

Keywords: Depression; Psychoses; Post-psychotic depression

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