Tau protein in the retina
Umur Kayabasi and John Rose Sr
Bahcesehir University, Turkey
John Rose Eye Center, UK
: J Immunol Tech Infect Dis
Abstract
Background: Recent research suggests that Tau is the culprit lesion along with neuro-inflammation in the etiology of Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Retina is the extension of the brain and is the most easily approachable part of the central nervous system. Detection of the pathological protein accumulations may be possible by using Spectral Domain Optical Coherescent Tomography (SD-OCT) and Fundus Auto-Fluorescein (FAF). There is evidence showing that retinal plaques start accumulating even earlier than the ones in the brain. Most recent Tau protein images in the brain consist of normal or reverse c-shaped paired helical filaments. Methods: 20 patients with PET proven AD were examined by SD-OCT and FAF. Mean age was 72. Hypo or hyper-fluorescent retinal lesions were scanned by SD-OCT and C shaped paired helical filaments were investigated in a masked fashion. The researchers agreed on the shape of the lesions. Both C-shaped (normal or reverse) filaments and thinner fibrillary structures were taken into consideration. Results: In all the patients, paired helical filaments that exactly corresponded with the histopathologic and cryo-EM images of Tau in terms of shape and dimension were detected along with thin fibrils and lesions similar to amyloid beta. The number of the retinal filaments and other abnormal proteins was in concordance with the severity of the disease process. The advanced retinal filaments had normal or reverse paired C shapes and thin fibrils had the shape of histopathologic images seen in early developmental stages of the disease. Conclusions: Retinal images of Tau were disclosed for the first time in live AD patients. Retinal neuroimaging is a trustable biomarker and tool for monitoring the disease.
Biography
Umur Kayabasi is an ophthalmologist at Istanbul medical faculty. After working as a resident in ophthalmology, he completed his clinical fellowship program of neuro-ophthalmology and electrophysiology at Michigan state university in 1995. After working as a consultant neuro-ophthalmologist in Istanbul, he worked at wills eye hospital for three months as an observer. He has been working at world eye hospital since 2000. He has chapters in different neuro-ophthalmology books, arranged international symposiums and attended tv programs to advertise the neuro-ophthalmology subspecialty. He has also given lectures at local and international meetings, published many papers in neuro-ophthalmology. He became an assistant professor at Uskudar university, Istanbul in 2016.
E-mail: kayabasi@yahoo.com
