GIS Technology and its Applications in Water Resources and Environmental Engineering

GIS technology is rapidly becoming a standard tool for managing environmental issues. It assists decision-planners and decisionmakers for environmental protection and sustainable development. Today’s GIS application is limitless wherever spatial features need to be modeled and analyzed. The applications of GIS in water resources and environmental engineering are constantly on the rise. This paper briefly introduced the GIS techniques and technologies and the history of it is discussed. The advantages and drawbacks of using GIS are narrated in the paper. This paper emphasizes the GIS applications in water resources including surface water (surface hydrologic modeling), water supply & sewer system modeling and water quality management. Also; this paper expounds on the GIS applications in environmental engineering such as environmental impact assessment; climate change; disaster management; and air quality monitoring.