Editorial, Res J Clin Pediatr Vol: 9 Issue: 1

Neonatal Sepsis: Challenges in Diagnosis and Management

Ravi Kulkarni^*

Department of Neonatology, KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India

*Corresponding Author:

Ravi Kulkarni
Department of Neonatology, KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India
E-mail: ravi.kulkarni@kemmumbai.org

Received: 01-March-2025, Manuscript No RJCP-25-169429; Editor assigned: 4-March-2025, Pre-QC No. RJCP-25-169429 (PQ); Reviewed: 20-March-2025, QC No RJCP-25-169429; Revised: 26-March-2025, Manuscript No. RJCP-25- 169429 (R); Published: 30-March-2025, DOI: 10.4172/rjcp.1000163

Citation: Ravi K (2025) Neonatal Sepsis: Challenges in Diagnosis and Management. Res J Clin Pediatr 14:163

Abstract

Introduction

Neonatal sepsis remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries like India. The diagnosis is complicated by nonspecific symptoms and the limitations of available diagnostic tools.

Diagnostic Challenges in Resource-Limited Settings

Blood cultures, the gold standard for diagnosis, are time-consuming and often yield false negatives due to low volumes or prior antibiotic use [1]. Biomarkers like CRP and procalcitonin, though helpful, lack specificity in neonates [2]. Newer tools like multiplex PCRs offer promise but are often unaffordable or unavailable in many Indian settings [3].

Clinical algorithms like the WHO’s IMNCI aid in early recognition, but overdiagnosis and overtreatment remain concerns [4]. Resistance patterns are shifting, with increasing reports of multidrug-resistant organisms in Indian NICUs [5].

Rational Antibiotic Use and Emerging Strategies

Empirical antibiotic regimens must be tailored to local antibiograms. The indiscriminate use of broad-spectrum antibiotics has led to resistant infections. Strategies like antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASP) and unit-specific guidelines are being encouraged [1].

Adjunctive therapies, such as lactoferrin and probiotics, have shown some benefit in reducing late-onset sepsis [3]. Strengthening infection control practices remains vital in preventing nosocomial infections.

References

1. Sankar MJ (2016) Indian Pediatr 53: 702-10.
2. Sinha M (2013) J Trop Pediatr 59: 36-39.
3. Joshi SG (2010) Indian J Med Microbiol 28: 398-401.
4. WHO. IMNCI Guidelines. 2014.
5. Gupta P (2015) Indian J Pediatr 82: 537-43.