Assessment of mechanism of nanoparticles synthesized from Centella asiatica Linn. on paracetamol induced immune modulatory changes in in vitro and in vivo systems

<p>V Gayathri, Renju K, Anil john J and Sabulal Baby</p>

Assessment of mechanism of nanoparticles synthesized from Centella asiatica Linn. on paracetamol induced immune modulatory changes in in vitro and in vivo systems

V Gayathri, Renju K, Anil john J and Sabulal Baby

Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, India

: J Nanomater Mol Nanotechnol

Abstract

Stress induced due to Inflammation and reactive oxygen species impose toxicity to different kinds of cells. Human body is also prone to develop toxicity due to the exposure to several toxic substances. The study was aimed to assess the toxicity induced by paracetamol on brain, spleen and liver and the protective role of Centella asiatica nanoparticles (CANP) against this damage (toxicity). Oxidative stress (reactive oxygen species) and nitrosative stress (reactive nitrogen species) were also studied to determine the free radical production. Interestingly, paracetamol caused severe damage to the brain and liver which was evident from deleterious alterations in various parameters. The study included synthesis and characterization of carbohydrate encapsulated CANP by using XRD diffraction patterns, transmission electron microscope (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential, DSC, TGA, DTA, gel permeation chromatography analysis and assessment of inflammatory mechanism by evaluating the expression pattern of immune modulatory cytokine mediators using real time PCR. Paracetamol treatment (1 mM) resulted in increased mRNA expression of cytokines like tumor necrosis factor-beta, interleukin 6, interleukin 1, interferon gamma, mitogen-activated protein kinase gene-14 and decreased interleukin 10 mRNA expression. These changes were normalized by administration of different concentrations (or doses) of CANP. Flow cytometry analysis using Annexin V apoptosis assay kit will be carried out using isolated splenocytes to assess apoptosis and necrosis. This study is first of its kind to assess inflammatory toxicity induced by paracetamol. Consequently, the study depicts that paracetamol induced inflammatory toxicity could be attenuated by CANP treatment as evident by the decreased levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, immune reactions and free radical production.