Journal of Forensic Toxicology & PharmacologyISSN: 2325-9841

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Research Article, J Forensic Toxicol Pharmacol Vol: 5 Issue: 2

Escherichia coli Challenging Modulate the Humoral Immune Response of Lucilia cuprina(Diptera: Calliphoridae)

Ghaffer HA1, Khodary Z2, Khalil M1, Swidan MH2 and Zaky A3*
1Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
2Department of Zoology, Faculty of Education, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
3Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
Corresponding author : Zaky A
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Moharram Bake, P.O Box 21511, Egypt
Tel: (+20)1223584529
Fax: (+203) 3911794
E-mail: amzakyha@yahoo.com
Received: September 29, 2016 Accepted: November 07, 2016 Published: November 15, 2016
Citation: Ghaffer HA, Khodary Z, Khalil M, Swidan MH, Zaky A (2016) Escherichia coli Challenging Modulate the Humoral Immune Response of Lucilia cuprina (Diptera: Calliphoridae). J Forensic Toxicol Pharmacol 5:2. doi:10.4172/2325-9841.1000147

Abstract

Antimicrobial compounds are recently emerging as anti-infectious agents that can be applied topically or systemically to speed up wound healing process. Maggot debridement therapy has become more prevalent in the treatment of chronic wound. This study focuses on studying the activity of commonly used natural compounds, which can be extracted from the whole and fat bodies of Lucilia cuprina. The current report was designed to investigate the effect of injecting bacterial suspension of Escherichia coli during the development of Lucilia cuprina at different time points. Measurements involved the assay of (a) total protease activities, (b) semi-quantitative RT-PCR for selected antimicrobial peptides genes expressions and (c) antioxidant capacity measurement as part of normal responding elements to humoral innate immunity (represented by lipid peroxide (Malondialdehyde) and glutathione reduced levels). Total lipid content in immature stages was also assessed. The results revealed an increase in total proteases activities and antioxidant capacities (low Malondialdehyde and high reduced glutathione levels) during the 3rd instar larvae and pupal phases after bacterial challenge. Detection of an increased mRNA expression levels in the fat body for lysozyme, cecropin, and attacin genes after bacterial-infection indicate high antibacterial activity in early pupae at 1h after infection. In conclusion, our findings may draw attention proposing that naturally extracted compounds from the whole and fat body of Lucilia cuprina, which are rich in proteolytic enzymes, as novel larval-based therapy in parallel to the traditional known ones. Further studies are required to illustrate the exact components of the extracts.

Keywords: Lucilia cuprina; Protease activities; Oxidative stress; Gene expression

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