Journal of Nanomaterials & Molecular NanotechnologyISSN: 2324-8777

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Research Article, J Nanomater Mol Nanotechnol Vol: 4 Issue: 1

Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles and their Biomedical Potential

Leena Loomba1 and Bhupinder Singh Sekhon2*
1Formerly, Department of Chemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana,141 004, India
2PCTE Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, near Baddowal Cantt., Ludhiana-142 021, India
Corresponding author : Bhupinder Singh Sekhon
PCTE Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, near Baddowal Cantt., Ludhiana-142 021, India
E-mail: sekhon224@yahoo.com
Received: June 10, 2014 Accepted: November 04, 2014 Published: November 08, 2014
Citation: Loomba L, Sekhon BS. (2015) Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles and their Biomedical Potential. J Nanomater Mol Nanotechnol 4:1. doi:10.4172/2324-8777.1000154

Abstract

Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles and their Biomedical Potential

Nanodimensional and nanocrystalline calcium phosphates (in the form of apatites) of a biological origin are the basic inorganic building blocks of bones and teeth of mammals. The application and potential use of calcium phosphates for clinical repair of damaged bones and teeth to controlled drug delivery devices, multi-modal imaging, and bone regeneration is gaining importance. Calcium phosphate nanoparticles are rigid, biocompatible, biodegradable, bioactive, resorbable and non-immunogenic. Nanostructured calcium phosphates with various morphologies including spherical nanoparticles, plate-like nanocrystals, nano-needles, whiskers/ fibers/wires, mesoporous, nanotubes, nano-blades, and powders with three-dimensional structures have been synthesized by various methods including mechanochemical synthesis, reverse microemulsion, hydrothermal approach, co-precipitation, spraydrying technique, in-situ deposition technique, wet chemical precipitation, gas phase ablation and biomimetic coating. Nanostructured calcium phosphates are promising biomaterials for applications in biomedical areas, such as tissue engineering scaffolds, drug/gene delivery systems, vaccine adjuvants, contrast agents for imaging and multi-modal imaging, nanosystems for photodynamic therapy and antifungal/antibacterial agents.

Keywords: Calcium phosphate nanoparticles; Biomedical; Nanohydroxyapatite; Bone regeneration; Drug and gene delivery; Multi-modal imaging; Photodynamic therapy

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