Journal of Food and Nutritional DisordersISSN: 2324-9323

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Research Article, J Food Nutr Disor Tunisia Vol: 9 Issue: 1

The Relationship between Physical Activity, Diet, Fatty Acid Composition and Obesity, in Tunisian Population

Wided Khamlaoui1, Sounira Mehri1*, Raja Chaaba1, Sonia Hammami1,2 and Mohamed Hammami1

1Biochemistry Laboratory, LR12ES05, Nutrition-Functional Foods and Vascular Health, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia

2Department of Internal Medicine, CHUF Bourguiba, Monastir, Tunisia

*Corresponding Author : Dr. Sounira Mehri
Biochemistry Laboratory, LR12ES05, Nutrition-Functional Foods and Vascular Health, University of Monastir, Faculty of Medicine, Avicenne St., 5019 Monastir, Tunisia
Tel:
+21697711564
E-mail:
mehrisounira@yahoo.fr

Received: December 31, 2019 Accepted: January 17, 2020 Published: January 27, 2020

Citation: Khamlaoui W, Mehri S, Chaaba R, Hammami S, Hammami M (2020) The Relationship between Physical Activity, Diet, Fatty Acid Composition and Obesity, in Tunisian Population. J Food Nutr Disor 9:1.

Abstract

Aim: To study the situation of obesity in the Tunisian population by identifying the factors of contributing to obesity and exploring its impact on both genders.
Methods: This is a descriptive retrospective study. We studied 401 randomly selected Tunisian subjects. Participants were characterized as obese if their BMI was ≥ 30 kg/m2.
Results: A total of 401 patients aged 30-62 years were included in this study with a mean age of 48.94 ± 9.57 years. About 60.8% of patients are men and 39.2% are women. One hundred fifty three of patients were overweight and 61.8% were obese. Regarding diet, the majority of men consumed high amounts of fried potato, biscuits and sweets, Fruits and vegetables, sandwiches and Soft drinks and processed juices. Most of patients were physically inactive (63.9% of male and 59.2% of female practiced light physical activity). The majority of patients was farmers, employers and retires (36.4%, 30.2 and 18% respectively). Two hundred and sixteen of patients had high school level (53.3% of men and 54.8% of women). The major complication was dyslipidemia (58.1%), digestive diseases (11%) and immune disorders (9.5%).  Regarding treatments, most participants did not use treatment (43.1%: 27.9% males and 15.2% females).  Bariatricsurgery was more prevalent in male patients than females (8% vs. 7%). Plasma from female participants had significantly higher content of linoleic acid, γ-linolenic, Dihomo-γ-linolenic, docosatetraenoic, eicosapentaenoic, clupanodonic, docosahexaenoic acids than males.
Conclusion: Obesity rates across Tunisia are alarming. The present study serves to highlight the need for better-quality surveillance data and effective public health interventions to curb rising obesity rates.

Keywords: Obesity; Prevalence; Diet; Complications; Treatment; Fatty acid

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